大学课件综合英语4 ppt课件unit5 the tapestry of

Unit 5 The Tapestry of Friendship nFragility Frag:break fragment nCosmic Cosm= order, universe Cosmos cosmic Cosmetics cosmonaut Key Words AnalysisKey Words Analysis nLoathsome nTroublesome nWorrisome nhandsome nProfess fess=speak Profess Profession Professor Confess confession nClaustrophobia Claustrophobic Claus: close abnormal fear of being in an enclosed space nTapestry nA heavy cloth woven with rich, often varicolored designs or scenes, usually hung on walls for decoration and sometimes used to cover furniture. the tapestry of world history. n Pre-reading Questions nWhats your understanding of friendship? nWhat do you think of traditional Chinese friendship? n为朋友两肋插刀（risk everything for ones friends） n君子之交淡如水 (a hedge between keeps friendship green ) nIs Chinese view on friendship changing? Why? nRef: to some degree, yes, nCause: Greater mobility, materialism nWhats do you think of male-female friendship? nRef: tomboy n红颜知己 nWhats the differences between Chinese and American views on friendship? nChinese: nlong-term,stable,keep a small circle of “real friends”, more “friendship”,be like-minded, more “yes” nAmerican: nshort-term, unstable, more friend types, more “friendliness”, more practical, more “no” nFriend an American situation comedy , which premiered on NBC on September 22, 1994. The series revolves around a group of friends in the area of Manhattan, New York City, who occasionally live together and share living expenses. n Quotes on Friends n“If all my friends were to jump off a bridge, I wouldnt jump with them, I would be at the bottom to catch them.“ n“Everyone hears what you say. Friends listen to what you say. Best friends listen to what you dont say.“ n “Together forever, never apart. Maybe in distance, but never in heart.” Background information: 1. About the text: This text is taken from Close to Home, which was published by The Boston Globe Company / Washington Post Writers Group in 1979. 2. about the author: Ellen Goodman, is a Boston Globe Online columnist and a stylish writer with a humanizing touch on any issue, public or personal. She is widely acclaimed as a voice of sanity, and readers depend on her to help them make sense of their changing lives and relationships. Analysis This text distinguishes two kinds of friendship: that between men and that between women. It can be divided into four parts. What kind of film did the woman see? What did she think of it? Whats the main difference between P1 and P2 in terms of their sentence structures? Highlights: Para. 1-2Highlights: Para. 1-2 Slight I felt slighted. Slight ones work. = be derelict It was, in many ways, a slight movie. : In many aspects it was a simple, ordinary movie. big-budget chase scene: a car-chase scene that costs a lot of money cosmic: 1) very great This earthquake was a disaster of cosmic scale. 2) relating to the universe The other great cosmic reality is time Claudia Weill Girlfriends n nAffecting nAffectation unnatural behavior, manner of speaking, etc, intended to impress others nPan To move a movie or television camera to follow an object or create a panoramic effect. Slowly, it panned across the tapestry of Slowly, it panned across the tapestry of friendship: friendship: Step by step it gave an all-sided view of Step by step it gave an all-sided view of the complex structure of friendshipthe complex structure of friendship n Pan/tilt movement na flash in the pan nResilient springing back to its original form after being bent, stretched, crushed, etc; springy (of a person or character) quickly recovering from shock or depression; buoyant n physically/mentally resilient nShe is very resilient to change. nTissue mass of cells forming the body of an animal or a plant : piece of soft absorbent paper nmuscular, nervous, connective, etc tissue nFlick quick light blow, eg with a whip or the tip of a finger (dated infml.) cinema film (b) the flicks pl : the cinema nFlick through a magazine nWhats on at the flicks? nTrend- fad- fashion vogue nTrend nFashion to be nFad nA fashion that is taken up with great enthusiasm for a brief period of time; nFashion nthe broadest term, nVogue nVogue is applied to fashion that prevails widely n Celluloid across millions of miles of celluloid . in large numbers of movies nMetonymy A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated nThe orders came directly from the White House. nIn this example we know that the writer means the President issued the orders, because “White House“ is quite closely associated with “President,“ even though it is not physically a part of him. n1.The kettle boils. the kettle-the water in the kettle n2.He is fond of the bottle. Bottle-wine n3.Grey hairs should be respected. n4.The pen is mightier than the sword. n5.I am reading Lu Xun. Butch Cassidy Wanted! n n Sundae n nAtavism atavistic The reappearance of a characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence n n nErnest Hemingway nstarted his career as a writer in a newspaper office at the age of seventeen. nHe joined a volunteer ambulance unit in the Italian army. Serving at the front, he was wounded. nAfter his return to the United States, he became a reporter for Canadian and American newspapers During the twenties, Hemingway became a member of the group of expatriate Americans in Paris（the Lost Generation迷惘的一代）, nHemingway - himself a great sportsman - liked to portray soldiers, hunters, bullfighters - tough, at times primitive people. Hemingways Works n(1926) The Sun Also Rises n(1929) A Farewell to Arms n(1940) For Whom the Bell Tolls n(1950) The Old Man and the Sea n Movie: The Old Man and the Sea n The Old Man and the Sea nIt tells an epic battle between an old, experienced fisherman and a giant marlin（枪鱼 ）. nSantiago uses all the strength he has left in him to pull the fish onto its side and stab the marlin with a harpoon（鱼叉） nWhile Santiago continues his journey back to the shore, sharks are attracted to the trail of blood left by the marlin in the water. nBy nightfall the sharks have almost devoured the marlins entire carcass, leaving a skeleton nOnce home, he slumps onto his bed and falls into a deep sleep. Cull: kill (a certain number of usu weaker animals) in a herd, in order to reduce its size choose from various sources Cull new strains of hybrid rice The herd must be culled. Here are a few facts and figures Ive culled from the weeks papers. nAnthropology The scientific study of the origin, the behavior, and the physical, social, and cultural development of human beings. anthropologist nThe Maasai believe in one god: Ngai (which means “sky“). Ngai created everything and gave cattle to the Maasai. He/She also created the first warrior (Le-eyo) who had power to bring people back from the dead and give them eternal life. However, Le-eyo was selfish and only used the power on his own son. However, by the time he finally utilized his power, it was too late and his son stayed dead. Because of this selfishness, death will always have power over man. The Maasai have Ritual experts and medicine men, called “Laiboni,“ who worship Ngai and pray for rain, health, and productive harvests. n nBond A uniting force or tie; a link: A certificate of debt issued by a government or corporation The condition of taxable goods being stored in a warehouse the bonds of friendship, the familial bond. nPortray To depict or represent pictorially; make a picture of. Portrait -portrayal Mona Lisa nCaricature nA picture that exaggerates certain characteristics in order to amuse or ridicule only men inherited a primal capacity for friendship: only when were born with the instinctive capacity of making friends. inherit: receive (money, a house etc.) from someone after they have died be born with (a physical or mental quality that a parent, grandparent or other relative has) When I took on the job of manager, I inherited certain financial problems. Rosie inherited her red hair from her mother. The child has an inherited disease which attacks the immune system. Inheritance heritage heir - heiress nPick on Blame or tease Why pick on me every time? nMortal causing death; fatal na mortal wound, injury, etc nAll human beings are mortal. nThe collapse of the business was a mortal blow to him and his family. nmortal enemies nImmortal nWhen the eight immortals crossing the sea, each one using their special prowess. nP6-7 nWhat does the shoot-out in the film show? nWhat did Coleridge find about friendship? nCorral kr:l An enclosure for confining livestock. nCoral krl red, pink or white hard substance formed on the sea bed from the skeletons of tiny animals known as polyps（珊瑚虫 ） corral oranch olarge farm, esp in the US or Canada, where cattle are bred; similar farm producing crops, fruit, chickens, etc nThe so-called cowboy factions allegedly targeted each other for assassination over the next six months, which led to a series of killings and retributions, often with federal and county lawmen supporting different sides of the conflict. O.K. Corral Gunfight The Gunfight at the O.K. Corral was a roughly 30-second gunfight that took place at about 3:00 p.m. on October 26, 1881 Although only three men were killed during the gunfight, it is generally regarded as the most famous gunfight in the history of the Old West and has come to symbolize the struggle between legal authority and outlaws during an era where law enforcement was often weak or nonexistent. O.K. Corral Gunfight nSamuel Taylor Coleridge n柯勒律治 nan English poet, critic, and philosopher who was, along with his friend William Wordsworth, one of the founders of the Romantic Movement in England and one of the Lake Poets（湖畔派诗人）. nHe is probably best known for his poems The Rime of the Ancient Mariner（咏舟子歌） and Kubla Khan（忽必烈）, The Lake Poets （湖畔派诗人） nThe Lake Poets are a group of English poets who all lived in the Lake District of England at the turn of the nineteenth century. They are considered part of the Romantic Movement. The three main figures of what has become known as the Lakes School are William Wordsworth(华兹华斯 ), Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and Robert Southey(骚塞 ). XanaduKubla Khan by Samuel Taylor Coleridge nIn Xanadu did Kubla Khan A stately pleasure-dome decree: Where Alph, the sacred river, ran Through caverns measureless to man Down to a sunless sea. nSo twice five miles of fertile ground With walls and towers were girdled round: And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills, Where blossomed many an incense- bearing tree; 忽必列汗在上都曾经 下令造一座堂皇的安乐殿堂： 这地方有圣河亚佛流奔， 穿过深不可测的洞门， 直流入不见阳光的海洋。 有方圆五英里肥沃的土壤， 四周给围上楼塔和城墙： 那里有花园， 蜿蜒的溪河在其间闪耀， 园里树枝上鲜花盛开，一片芬芳； 这里有森林，跟山峦同样古老， 围住了洒满阳光的一块块青草草场。 n oSara Coleridge n(1802 1852) nan English author and translator. nthe fourth child and only daughter of Samuel Taylor Coleridge and his wife of Bristol. nP8-11 nHow do buddies /friends spend time together? nDo you share your confidences with your friends often? nAdversity A state of hardship or affliction; misfortune. nAdversity leads to prosperity. nIn prosperity think of adversity. nProsperity makes friends, and adversity tries them. nAccessory nthing that is a useful or decorative extra but that is not essential; minor fitting or attachment n person who helps another in a crime nAn earphone is an accessory for a cell-phone. nHe was charged with being an accessory to the crime. nCategory A specifically defined division in a system of classification; a class. nplace things in categories “through the wars: together corporate or athletic or military: Through the commercial, athletic or military strives together. They had to soldier together: had to struggle together nLoathsome confidences nDo not wash your dirty linen in public nIts an ill bird that fouls its own nest nfamily skeleton nskeleton in the closet oHang onto oHang together, or be hanged together! oSaddam was hanged for anti-human crimes. ohang by a hair/thread oHanger ohangar nHanger ncurved piece of wood, plastic or wire with a hook, used for hanging up a garment Hangar large shed in which aircraft are kept n confess to admit or acknowledge something reluctantly, typically because one feels slightly ashamed or embarrassed confess v. He confessed that he had stolen the money. confession n. He has confessed to the murder. 1) 她承认她害怕蚕。 2) 被告已全部供认。 Practice: She confessed to a dread of silk worms. The accused man has made a full confession. finish a telephone conversation by putting the receiver back hang up hang about, hang on continue waiting hang over: (especially of an unpleasant event) be about to happen or seem likely to happen soon Comparison: n 1) I the station for an hour but he didnt come. 2) I finish work at five but Ill until half past to meet you. 3) I was so angry that I while she was still talking. 4) The threat of war Europe for 21 years. hang about hang up hang on hang over nWretched very unhappy; miserable or pitiable nlead a wretched existence in the slums nwretch nA miserable, unfortunate, or despicable person. n“a stony adversary, an inhuman wretch” (Shakespeare) nwrench adjustable/monkey wrench nMoan long low mournful sound grumble or complaint nHe was moaning all night long. n Hes always moaning (on) about how poor he is nKeep from nChicken Slang- A coward chicken out at the last moment. nHen A woman, especially a fussy old woman. nHen-pecked nadj (infml) (of a husband) nagged by a fussy and domineering wife nFox Slang An attractive young person. A crafty, sly, or clever person. nRestrain Check, control Prevent ncouldnt restrain the tears. nrestrained them from going. restriction of personal liberty or freedom of movement restraint n. I think you showed great restraint in not hitting him after what he said. Sinclair Lewis (18851951) nan American novelist, short-story writer, and playwright. In 1930 he became the first American to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, nHis works are known for their insightful and critical views of American society and capitalist values, as well as their strong characterizations of modern working women. n n nfirst published in 1922, nis a novel by Sinclair Lewis. nLargely a satire of American culture, society, and behavior, it critiques the vacuity of middle-class American life and its pressure on individuals toward conformity. Main Street a feeling of resentment over something believed to be wrong or unfair grievance n. The trade union leader spoke about the grievances of the workers. Citizens have many grievances against the government for his unfair foreign policy. Grieve-Grief to feel very sad, especially because sb has died 1) The workers demanded a committee to handle . 2) She at the thought of the suffering of her family for so long. grievances grieved nCatalog booklet containing a list of items (fig) series Illustrated catalog n n a soldier who has shared warfare or battles with other soldiers trenchmate n. Comrade-in-arms II. Structural analysis Paragraphs 3-6the Introduction, where the author advances the double standard of friendship on the basis of the personally observed shift of focus of the cinema lens Paragraphs 1-2the Prelude, where the author reveals what kind of film the woman had just seen Paragraphs 7-18the Body, where the distinctions of the two types of friendship are detailed Paragraph 19the Conclusion, which summarizes the fundamental differences between the male companionship and the female friendship Part II paragraph 3-6 This part describes the womans observation of the shift of focus of the cinema and advances the argument for the distinction between the two types of friendship: that between men and that between women. The only relationship that gave meaning to the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt had been with Paul Riesling. What made the claustrophobic life of George Babbitt meaningful had been his relationship with Paul Riesling; without his relationship with Paul Riesling George Babbitt would have found his