高中英语外研版选修8同步练习：1单元综合检测

Module 1综合检测时间100分钟满分120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AWho wants to live in the coldest，windiest，driest place on Earth？Penguins，seals，whales，and some sea birds，of course.Fish，especially cod and icefish，also swim the surrounding seas.Hard to believe，but Antarctica is full of wildlife.These animals are specially adapted to Antarcticas severe environment.Plant life in the Antarctic region mostly consists of bryophytes (苔藓类植物)，lichens，algae and fungi (菌类)，with a rare species or two of flowering plants.Because there isnt enough plant life to sustain the planteating animals，they mostly eat each other.The Antarctic food chain is fairly simple.The Antarctic krill (a tiny shrimplike creature)is the keystone species of the ecosystem，which means that nearly everyone else eats it.Whales，penguins，seals，fish and many sea birds all eat krill，and krill eats even smaller phytoplankton (浮游生物)Want more shocking details？Leopard seals feed on penguins and other seals.Who eats the leopard seals？Killer whales，if theyre around.How do they survive the Antarctic cold？First，blubber(海兽脂)and feathers are extremely important.The longer answer is that warmblooded animals (birds and mammals)in Antarctica maintain constant (恒定的)internal body temperatures，just like warmblooded animals do in other climate zones.If they let their internal temperatures drop below freezing，theyd become penguin popsicles(冰棒)Second，size matters.Technically speaking，a bigger bird has a smaller surface area to volume ratio，which means it has less relative area through which it loses heat.Most of the warmblooded animals in Antarctica are oversized because big animals of the same shape stay warmer.Apart from the methods mentioned above，penguins have their own special social adaptation.They gather together with friends and family while constantly moving，so that the warm guys in the middle move to the outside and the colder folks take a turn in the center.1What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?AThe food chain in the Antarctic ecosystem.BThe distribution of the Antarctic vegetation.CMany kinds of Antarctic animals.DThe diversity of the Antarctic plants and animals.答案：A段意理解题。由第二段第三句“The Antarctic food chain is fairly simple”知，第二段主要讲述南极生物链。2Why do animals in the Antarctic often eat each other?APlants there cant be found by animals.BAnimals there are meateating animals.CThere is not enough plant life to provide food for animals.DAnimals in the Antarctic need a great deal of fat to keep them warm.答案：C细节理解题。由第二段第二句知，因为没有足够的植物吃，动物为生存往往相互残杀。3The ways most animals in Antarctica survive the cold are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT_.Afat and feathersBoversized body typeCmigration and winter sleepDcoming together and forming a group答案：C细节理解题。由文章第三段知，为了适应在极冷的气候下生存，大多数动物采用三种方式：一靠海兽脂和羽毛；二靠硕大的体魄；三靠聚居。4What would be the best title for the passage?AProtection of the Antarctic creaturesBHow can animals live in the Antarctic?CThe Antarctic wildlifeDThe life under ice and snow答案：C主旨大意题。文章三段层次分明，首段概述南极动物适应极地环境；第二段南极生物链；第三段介绍动物如何在极冷的环境中生存，所以南极野生动植物为佳。BWhen parents consider what school to send their child to，they often first decide whether they should send their child to a coeducational school or to a singlesex one.Coeducation is a modern concept and was first introduced in Switzerland.Now it has become popular almost everywhere in the world.The supporters of coeducation favor it mainly on three grounds.The economic benefits gained from joint classes and the need to secure equality for women have influenced the spread of coeducation.Moreover ，it creates a spirit of competition in studies.Those who oppose say that boys and girls are different physically，emotionally and mentally.They have to play different roles in life.Again，the presence of opposite sex is likely to distract the attention.Singlesex education is the practice of conducting education where boys and girls attend separate classes or in separate buildings or schools.The practice was popular before the midtwentieth century.It is often advocated on the basis of tradition，as well as religious values.It is practiced in many parts of the world.There is plenty of proof for the positive effects of girls for study in maths and science.There is also proof that girls benefit their leadership and creative skill development.Studies found that boys can also benefit from a singlesex environment.They develop emotionally and become more cooperative.Teachers at singlesex schools also understand better how their students learn.They adapt their teaching styles to those specific needs.When making the decision of sending your child to a school，consider the reputation of the school，the activities it offers and the quality of education.In fact，whether or not it is coeducational should be last on your list of consideration.5Coeducation means the education of_.Asinglesex students in the same schoolsBthe same student learning in different schoolsCboys and girls in the same schoolsDstudents cooperating with each other in schools答案：C细节理解题。文章把coeducation和singlesex education进行了对比，说明coeducation是有别于singlesex education的一种教育形式，即男女学生在同一所学校学习。6The supporters of singlesex education favor it mainly on the following grounds EXCEPT_.Athe need to secure equality for womenBthe different roles between boys and girls play in lifeCtradition as well as religious valuesDbenefit from a singlesex environment答案：A细节理解题。单性别教育的支持者认为，男女生理和心理有别，社会角色不同(B项)，应该分开接受教育，这样既符合社会传统和宗教价值(C项)，又有利于学生的发展(D项)。而A项是主张男女合校的人士的观点，因此答案选A项。7It can be inferred from the passage that_.Acoeducation developed earlier than a singlesex educationBa coeducational school has more advantages than a singlesex oneCsinglesex schools are becoming fewer in the worldDparents shouldnt care whether or not their childrens school is coeducational too much答案：D推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者认为家长在为孩子择校时，应该把学校是否男女合校放在最后考虑。因此答案选D项。CWilderness“In wilderness (荒野)is the preservation of the world.”This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism.The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection：whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out，there is a strong appeal in images of the wild，the untouched；more than anything else，they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly.The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong，and the danger exploitation (开发)brings to such landscapes(景观)is real.Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests，for example，store carbon in vast quantities.To Mr.Sauven，these “ecosystem services”far outweigh the gains from exploitation.Lee Lane，a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute，takes the opposing view.He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services，such as water conservation.But that is not，he argues，a reason to avoid all human presence，or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.There are ever more people on the Earth，and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives，rather than merely struggle for survival.While the ways of using resources have improved，there is still a growing need for raw materials，and some wildernesses contain them in abundance.If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide，the argument goes，there is no further reason not to do so.Being untouched is not，in itself，a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further，and to their being challenged by the other participants.One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly.And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings，but also the guidance of reason.What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.8John Sauven holds that_.Amany people value nature too muchBexploitation of wildernesses is harmfulCwildernesses provide humans with necessitiesDthe urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong答案：B推理判断题。第二段的最后一句提到John Sauven认为“生态系统服务”远比开发的利益重要，由引可推断他的观点是开发荒野有害。9What is the main idea of Para.3?AThe exploitation is necessary for the poor people.BWildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.CUseful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.DAll the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.答案：C段落大意题。本段第二、三句是对另外一种观点的概括，意思是荒野的有益服务不能作为不开发的理由。10What is the authors attitude towards this debate?AObjective.BDisapproving.CSceptical. DOptimistic.答案：A作者态度题。作者在最后两段中并没有直接表明自己的观点，只是“客观”地进行叙述。11Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?CP：Central PointP：PointSp：Subpoint(次要点)C：Conclusion答案：D文章结构题。文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一段是文章的结论。DDiana Jacobs thought her family had a workable plan to pay for college for her 21yearold twin sons：a combination of savings，income，scholarships，and a modest amount of borrowing.Then her husband lost his job，and the plan fell apart.“I have two kids in college，and I want to saycome home，but at the same time I want to provide them with a good education，”says Jacobs.The Jacobs family did work out a solution：They asked and received more aid from the schools，and each son increased his borrowing to the maximum amount through the federal loan (贷款)program.They will each graduate with $ 20,000 of debt，but at least they will be able to finish school.With unemployment rising，financial aid administrators expect to hear from more families like the Jacobses.More students are applying for aid，and more families expect to need student loans.College administrators are concerned that they will not have enough aid money to go around.At the same time，tuition (学费)continues to rise.A report from the National Center for Public Policy and Higher Education found that college tuition and fees increased 439% from 1982 to 2007，while average family income rose just 147%.Student borrowing has more than doubled in the last decade.“If we go on this way for another 25 years，we wont have an affordable system of higher education，”says Patrick MCallan，president of the center.“The middle class families have been financing it through debt.They will send kids to college whatever it takes，even if that means a huge amount of debt.”Financial aid administrators have been having a hard time as many companies decide that student loans are not profitable enough and have stopped making them.The good news，however，is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing，and the government says that money will flow uninterrupted.12According to Paragraph 1，why did the plan of the Jacobs family fail?AThe twins wasted too much money.BThe father was out of work.CTheir savings ran out.DThe family fell apart.答案：B细节理解题。从文中第一段最后一句可知她父亲失业，他们的家庭计划破灭了。故B项正确。13How did the Jacobses manage to solve their problem?AThey asked their kids to come home.BThey borrowed $ 20,000 from the schools.CThey encouraged their twin sons to do parttime jobs.DThey got help from the schools and the federal government.答案：D细节理解题。从文中第三段第一句可知这家人最终解决这个难题，他们从学校得到资金求助，每位儿子可以通过联邦政府的贷款工程将借款额增至最大即每人20,000美元。故D项正确。14Financial aid administrators believe that_.Amore families will face the same problem as the JacobsesBthe government will receive more letters of complaintCcollege tuition fees will double soonDAmericas unemployment will fall答案：A推理判断题。从文中第四及第五段可知随着失业率的增加，更多家庭将会面临同样的问题，也将会有更多学生申请助学贷款。故A项正确。15What can we learn about the middle class families from the text?AThey blamed the government for the tuition increase.BTheir income remained steady in the last decade.CThey will try their best to send kids to college.DTheir debts will be paid off within 25 years.答案：C细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句可知，既使学费上涨，家庭困难，债台高筑中等收入家庭也愿意将孩子送往大学深造。故C项正确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many people like to eat at a favorite restaurant on their birthday._16_Here are the tips about how to eat for free on your birthday.Notice promotional(促销的)cards or signs at restaurants for their eclub or online notification of special offers.Sometimes it is called a birthday club.In some cases they ask for your email address and at other times，you register online from your own computer._17_If you dont know whether your favorite restaurant has an eclub，look them up online.Just search their name if its a chain.Look over the webpage for anything that says SIGN UP or JOIN.It may call it an eclub.You will receive email advertisements from them._18_If it asks for birthday and anniversary dates when you sign up，then the restaurant usually will send you a personal coupon and invitation for that event.Check your email the week leading up to your birthday.All the eclubs that you signed up for will be sending their invitations.Read the fine print on all the offers before deciding where to eat on your birthday.Some are only on the exact date._19_There may be other requirements，like free dessert when you buy an entree(主菜)Choose the most inviting offer or over several days，and take advantage of free dining opportunities._20_AAnyway，look around for these offers and get signed up.BHowever，others may be for any time over a twoweek period.CBut how can we eat better in a free restaurant?DIt would be an even greater treat if the meal or part of the meal were free.EWhy not celebrate your birthday for a whole week，not just one day?FOften the advertisements will include discount coupons(优惠券)GSo dont go to such restaurant.答案：1620DAFBE第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I wanted to remind everyone of just how long a little bit of kindness can stay with a person.On a Friday morning about five years ago，our _21_ pulled into a truck stop to use the rest room.When we came out we were _22_and my daughter stopped at a stall(摊位)and chose a small toy _23_.I could see how much she wanted it from her eyes _24_I also knew the toy is so _25_that we couldnt afford to buy it.I _26_ to her that I didnt have enough _27_，so we would come back to buy it later.Obviously，she was _28_ that she couldnt have the toy cat she had so carefully _29_and began to cry.When I pried(使劲分开)the cat out of her _30_ and gave it back to the seller，she began to scream _31_.She was still standing at the stall watching _32_with her grandmother when a truck driver walked up.He asked my _33_if he might be allowed to buy that toy for my daughter.My mom allowed it and _34_him.My daughter became so _35_about this that she started to smile cheerfully.Now the cat _36_sits on my daughters shelf.She still _37_ the man in the truck stop.And when she gives her toys away she _38_ them to go to someone that wants them as badly as she wanted her cat back then.We will _39_know the mans name.we probably wouldnt recognize him if we saw him again.But，the ten dollars he _40_that day brought years of joy.It might be more than he ever could have imagined!21A.family BneighborsCfriends Dcouple答案：A根据下文提到的作者的妈妈和女儿可知，这里是我们一家人(family)。22A.driving fast Bplaying togetherCwalking around Dworking hard答案：C在我们四处闲逛(walking around)时，女儿在一个摊位前停了下来。23A.car BbearCduck Dcat答案：D下文cat有提示：女儿看中了一款玩具猫。24A.so BifCbut Dbecause答案：C根据本空前后部分的转折关系可知选but。25A.huge BexpensiveCspecial Dbeautiful答案：B“我”买不起这个玩具猫，是因为它太贵(expensive) 了。26A.lied BexpressedCexplained Dread答案：C根据that从句的内容可知，“我”在向女儿解释(explained)。27A.preparation BmoneyCenergy Dpatience答案：B原因是“我”身上没有足够的钱(money)。28A.unhappy BsurprisedCpuzzled Dconcerned答案：A当她得知无法拥有心爱的玩具后，她显得很不高兴(unhappy)。29A.watched BorderedCmade Dchosen答案：D这个玩具猫是女儿精心挑选(chosen)的。上文的my daughter stopped at a stall and chose.也是提示。30A.legs BfingersCarms Dmouth答案：B“我”从她手指间(fingers)夺下玩具猫。31A.curiously BexcitedlyCbravely Dloudly答案：D她开始大声地(loudly)尖叫。32A.me BhimCit Dthem答案：C她与祖母一块儿仍然站在那里看着它(it)。it在此指代还给售货员的玩具猫。33A.husband BmomCwife Ddaughter答案：B那位卡车司机向“我”妈妈(mom)征求意见。34A.thanked BpraisedCpaid Drefused答案：A“我”妈妈同意他这样做并对他表示感谢(thanked)。35A.worried BproudCinterested Dglad答案：D有人要替女儿出钱把玩具买下来，因此她很高兴(glad)。36A.still BagainCalso Deven答案：A现在那个玩具猫仍然(still)在她书架上放着。37A.talks about Blaughs atCwrites to Dbelieves in答案：A她常常会谈到(talks about)那个帮助她的人。38A.invites BwantsCasks Dtells答案：B当女儿要把玩具送给别人时，她最想(wants)送给那些极其需要它们的人，就像当初她自己特别想得到那个玩具猫一样。39A.ever BalwaysCforever Dnever答案：D我们可能永远也不(never)知道那个人的名字。40A.lost BspentCearned Dsaved答案：B但他那天所花费的(spent)十美元不仅仅是给女儿买了个玩具，还给我们带来了多年的欢乐。第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】Even after several weeks, every time I read this little story I start to cry：My sisterinlaw teaches physically and mentally handicapped children at a private school in Brooklyn. She_41_(recent) attended a Special Olympics and went to the starting line of the 100meter dash with six eager contestants.As_42_starting whistle sounded, a boy tripped, fell and began to cry. All the other_43_(run) stopped, turned and went back to help. Then they a