份冀教版英语九年级unit110 单元语法归纳课件 共96张

Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳 情态动词 一、情态动词的定义 情态动词表示说话人对动作的态度,比如:需要、可能、意愿、猜测 或者怀疑等。情态动词本身有一定意思,但不完全,不能单独作谓语, 必须与动词原形连用。没有人称和数的变化。 二、need的用法 need意为“需要” 1.作为情态动词:常用于疑问句和否定句无人称和时态的变化疑问 或否定借助于need本身后跟动词原形。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 2.作为实义动词:有人称和时态的变化(needs,needed)疑问或否定借 助于do可有自己的宾语(可以是名词、代词、不定式)不受什么句型 限制。 肯定句:我现在需要去那。I need go there now.(need为情态动词)I need to go there now.(need为实义动词) 否定句:现在你不必去那。You neednt go there now.(need为情态 动词) You dont need to go there now.(need为实义动词) 一般疑问句:我现在需要去那吗?Need I go there now?(need为情态动 词)Do I need to go there now?(need为实义动词) 3.对need引起的一般疑问句的回答:Need I go now?Yes,you must./No,you neednt. Unit 1 Stay Healthy 三、should的用法 should意为“应该”,否定形式shouldnt=should not;should作为情 态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,这时它可以和 ought to,be supposed to互换使用。 1.表“劝告,建议”,如:Children should be taught to tell the truth. 应该教导孩子讲实话。 2.表“惊异”,意为“竟然已经”。 Its strange that he should have done such a thing. 奇怪的是,他竟然做了这样一件事。 3.表“可能性”,意为“大概已经”。 They should be there by now,I think. 我想,他们现在该到了。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 注意:should作为助动词shall的过去式,可以在间接引语中与第一人称主语 搭配,表示过去将来时间。例如:A week ago,I told him that I should (=would) go to Beijing the next day.一个星期以前,我告诉他我第二天 就去北京。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、单项选择 ( )1.We keep the new traffic law (交通法). A.may B.should C.can D.need ( )2.There was plenty of time.She . A.mustnt have hurried B.couldnt have hurried C.must not hurry D.neednt have hurried ( )3.Id like to buy a new shirt,but I dont know . A.where could buy it B.I should take which C.which I should take D.where can I get it B D C Unit 1 Stay Healthy ( )4.“Wheres my umbrella?”“Its fine today.You take an umbrella with you.” A.cant B.neednt C.mustntD.shouldnt ( )5.Must I do the work now? No,you .You may do it later. A.cant B.mustnt C.needntD.shouldnt B C Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、句型转换 6.I need to buy some apples.(改为否定句) I to buy apples. 7.You dont have to go shopping with me.(改为同义句) You shopping with me. 8.We should listen to the teacher carefully in class.(改为否定句) We listen to the teacher carefully in class. 9.Tony needs to visit his grandparents every Sunday.(改为一般疑问句) Tony to visit his grandparents every Sunday? 10.People should shake hands when they meet for the first time.(改为同 义句) People shake hands when they meet for the first time. dontneedany needntgo shouldnt Does need aresupposedto Unit 1 Stay Healthy ( )1.Knives plastic and metals. A.are made ofB.are made from C.are made inD.are made by ( )2. is not allowed in public. A.Smoke B.Smoking C.Smoked D.To smoke ( )3.Everyone should more exercise to keep healthy. A.doesB.doing C.doD.did A B C 【教师备用】 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 易错提醒: 1.“由制成”可以看出原材料时,应用短语be made of;看不出原 材料的要用be made from。 2.动名词作主语。 3.情态动词后接动词原形。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 点击进入单元话题阅读 点击进入单元过关与检测 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳 1.before“在之前”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句动作发生在从 句动作之前。注意before引导的从句一般不用否定式的谓语,并且当 before引导的从句位于主句之后时,有时译成“就,才”。还要注意主 句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时,从句一般用现在时;如果 before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这 样以便体现动作发生的先后。 before,after,as引导的时间状语从句 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 2.after“在之后”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句 的动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相 反。例如: It will be four days before they come back. 他们要过四天才能回来。 My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived. 我父亲恰好在信件到达之前去加拿大了。 After we had finished the work,we went home. 完成工作之后,我们回家了。(从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时) Unit 1 Stay Healthy 3.as表示“一边一边”,as引导的动作是延续性的动作,一般用于主句 和从句动作同时发生;as也可以强调“一先一后”。例如: We always sing as we walk.我们总是边走边唱。 (as表示“一边一边”) As we were going out,it began to snow.当我们正要出门时,开始下 雪了。(as强调句中两个动作紧接着先后发生,而不强调开始下雪的特定 时间) Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、用before,after,as填空 1.He had learned Chinese he came to China. 2. finishing the work,we sat down to sum up experience. 3.She likes everything to be in place she starts to work. 4.They decided to go back home their money ran out. 5.I saw her just she was getting off the train. before After before before as Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、单项选择 ( )6.It was evening we reached the little town of Winchester. A.thatB.until C.since D.before ( )7.Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the classroom I could say a word. A.before B.until C.whenD.after ( )8. we got to the station,the bus came. A.Before B.BecauseC.AsD.Since ( )9.It was quiet those big trucks started coming through the town. A.beforeB.after C.until D.unless ( )10.The students were talking the teacher came in. A.until B.after C.as D.before D A C A C Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单项选择 ( )1.These sentences are very important;you must . A.write down itB.write it down C.write them down D.write down them ( )2.The idea sounds ;we all agree on it. A.wellB.goodC.badly D.bad ( )3.“Have you read todays newspaper?”“Yes.Its really boring. There is in it.” (2014贵阳) A.something newB.nothing new C.anything new ( )4.He is as as his sister. A.careful B.carefully C.more carefulD.more carefully ( )5.The old music makes him the past time. A.to rememberB.remember C.rememberingD.remembers C B A B B Unit 1 Stay Healthy 易错提醒: 1.write down加代词时,代词要放于两词中间。主语为复数,故排除B。 2.sound为系动词,后加形容词,不能加副词。由第二句可知选B。 3.形容词修饰不定代词,形容词后置。由答语前半部分可知选B。 4.“as+形容词或副词原级+as”表示“和一样”,本句有is,所 以用careful。 5.make sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,要用动词原形。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 点击进入单元话题阅读 点击进入单元过关与检测 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳 祈使句主要用来表达请求、命令、建议、叮嘱或祝愿等。祈使句通 常省略主语(you),但为了加强语气有时可以加上主语you或增加称呼。 1.行为动词开头的祈使句。Sit down.坐下吧! 2.Be开头的祈使句,后常加形容词。 Be careful! 当心! Unit 1 Stay Healthy 3.Let.开头的祈使句。 Let me carry the box for you. 让我替你拿这个箱子吧! Lets+动词原形表建议,让我们 Lets go fishing this Sunday. 让我们这个周日去钓鱼。 Lets=Let us,但不同语境有不同的含义。 Lets“请让我们(咱们)”,包括谈话的对方。 Let us意为“请让我们”,表示希望得到对方允许,不包括对方。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 4.祈使句的否定式。 行为动词和Be开头的祈使句,在句首加dont。Dont be late for school.上学别迟到。 Lets 的否定式可以有两种:Lets not+动词原形或Dont lets+ 动词原形。 Lets not think about it.我们别想这事了。 Dont lets think about it. Unit 1 Stay Healthy 5.祈使句的反意疑问句。 以行为动词或系词be或keep开头的祈使句,如果是肯定形式,后加will you或wont you构成。 Listen to me carefully, will you(wont you)? 如果祈使句是否定形式,常用will you。 Dont speak so fast, will you?别说那么快,好吗? Lets构成的祈使句,包括谈话双方,用shall we。 Lets go for a walk, shall we? 让我们出去散步,好吗? Let us构成的祈使句,不包括对方,请求对方允许,用will you。 Let us go there now, will you? 让我们去那儿吧,好吗? Unit 1 Stay Healthy 注: (1)祈使句中常加do或always来加强肯定的语气,用never来加强否定 的语气。 Do be quiet a moment.务请安静一会儿。 Always remember all your father has said, and be a good boy. 要永远记住你爸爸的话,做一个好孩子。 Never trouble trouble till trouble troubles you. 麻烦不来找你,千万别去找麻烦。 (2)祈使句中常加上please,表示礼貌,更客气。please可以放句首,也可以 放句尾。放句末时要用逗号分开。Please open the door.=Open the door, please. Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、填词完成反意疑问句 1.Let us do the jobs by ourselves, ? 2.Do the homework by yourselves, ? 3.Lets enter the hall, ? 4.Dont talk too much, ? 5.No smoking, ? will you wont you/will you shall we will you will you Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、单项选择 ( )6.“ run in the hallways,Mike.”“Sorry,Ms.Clark.” (2014贵阳) A.Dont B.Please C.Lets ( )7.Please help me carry it, ? A.will I B.will you C.shall ID.shall we ( )8.Dont make so much noise, ? A.will you B.wont you C.shall we D.do you ( )9.Kate, your homework here tomorrow. A.bring B.brings C.to bringD.bringing ( )10.Im leaving for Xisai Mountain this afternoon. you have packed everything. (2014黄石) A.To be sureB.Been sure C.Being sure D.Be sure A B A A D Unit 1 Stay Healthy 1.She can write as as her sister. 她能写的和她妹妹一样认真。 2.Neither I nor my sister (study)at night. 我姐姐和我晚上都不学习。 ( )3.This morning I went to work in a hurry that I the bag at home. A.forgot B.left C.missedD.lost 【教师备用】 carefully studies B Unit 1 Stay Healthy 易错提醒: 1.as.as中间加形容词或副词的原级,本句是修饰write,因此用 carefully,不能用careful。 2.neither.nor意为“既不也不”,连接主语时,谓语动词要遵循 就近原则。最近的主语是my sister,因此动词用第三人称单数形式。 3.leave意为“遗留,落在”,forget意为“忘记”。“把某物落在某地 ”应该用leave。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 点击进入单元话题阅读 点击进入单元过关与检测 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳 1.过去进行时的概念:表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 2.过去进行时的构成:主语+was/were+doing (现在分词)+其他 肯定句式为:主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+其他。如: They were playing basketball at that time. 那时他们正在打篮球。 否定句式为:主语+was/were+not+动词的现在分词+其他。如: They were not playing basketball at that time. 那时他们不在打篮球。 (一) 过去进行时 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一般疑问句式为:Was/Were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他?如: Were they playing basketball at that time? 那时他们正在打篮球吗? 特殊疑问句式为:特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+动词的现在分词+其他?如: What were they doing at that time? 他们那时正在干什么? 3.与过去进行时连用的时间状语:this morning,at that time, at this time yesterday,the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy (二)情态动词must 1.表示“必须”,此时可用于肯定句或疑问句,用于否定句时,mustnt的意 思是“一定不要”“不能”,而不表示“不必”。如: Must we finish the work tonight? 我们必须今晚完成这项工作吗? must主要表示现在或将来,但在间接引语中也可表过去(=had to)。如: She asked her boss if she must (had to) work overtime. 她请示老板她是否要加班。 对于must开头的一般疑问句,若作否定回答,可以用neednt,不用 mustnt。如: “Must I clean all the rooms?” “No, you neednt.” “这些房 间我都得清扫吗?”“不必。” Unit 1 Stay Healthy 2.表示推测意为“准是”“一定是”,通常只用于肯定句。若用于否定句或 疑问句,则用can 代之。如: The ground is wet.It must have rained last night. 地面湿了。昨晚一定下雨了。 That cant be Mr. Li. He has gone to Shanghai. 那一定不是李先生。他去了上海。 3.must与have to的区别 两者都表示“必须”,但must侧重于说话者的主观看法,认为有必要或有 义务去做某事;have to 则侧重于客观需要,含有“不得不”“被迫”之 意。如:Everyone must keep the law.人人都要守法。 The last bus has gone.Well have to walk home. 最后一班车已经开走了。我们不得不走着回家了。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、单项选择 ( )1.Susan and Lily tomatoes and other vegetables on the farm this time yesterday. (2014上海) A.pickB.are picking C.will pickD.were picking ( )2.I saw him in the library yesterday. He a book at that moment.(2013天津) A.readsB.is reading C.was readingD.will read ( )3.When I got home, my son the music. A.am listening toB.listened to C.was listening toD.was listening ( )4.We heard a cry when we TV last night. A.were watchingB.would watch C.watchD.watched ( )5.The traffic light is red. You cross the street until it turns green. A.cantB.neednt C.mustntD.may not D C C A C Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、句型转换 6.Grandpa was mending his clock when I reached home.(改为一般疑问句) grandpa his clock when you reached home? 7.We were singing and dancing from 3 to 5 yesterday afternoon. (对画线部 分提问) you singing and dancing? 8.Must I finish my work by tomorrow? (作否定回答) , . 9.The students were talking about the news when the teacher came in.(改 为否定句) The students about the news when the teacher came in. 10.The woman must be Mrs. Brown, ?(完成反意疑问句) Wasmending Whenwere Noyou neednt werenottalking isntshe Unit 1 Stay Healthy 句型转换 1.The old man is so old that he cant look after himself.(改为同 义句) The old man is old look after himself. 2.My father lay in the bed just now.(用at this time yesterday改写 句子) My father in the bed at this time yesterday. 3.I like going shopping better than staying at home.(改为同义句) I shopping at home. 【教师备用】 tooto waslying prefergoingtostaying Unit 1 Stay Healthy 易错提醒: 1.so.that.意为“如此以至于”,当that后从句是否定句 时,可以与too.to互换。 2.at this time yesterday 与过去进行时态连用。过去进行时态的结 构为:主语+was/were+v.-ing+其他。 3.prefer doing to doing 意为“比起更喜欢”,可以和 like.better进行互换。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 点击进入单元话题阅读 点击进入单元过关与检测 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。 如:(1)The man who lives next to us is a policeman. (2)You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词, 定语从句通常放在先行词的后面。 *引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格 whose)和关系副词where,when,why *关系词常有三个作用:1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句 中担当一个成分 定语从句 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人,在从句中作主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 2.whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。 (1)Mr.Liu is the person (whom)you talked about. 注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。 (2)The man (who/whom)you met just now is my friend. 3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略 (1)Football is a game which is liked by most boys.(which在句子 中作主语) (2)This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.(which 在句子中 作宾语) Unit 1 Stay Healthy 4.that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which,在定语从句中作主 语或者宾语,作宾语时可省略。 (1)The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.(在从 句中作主语) (2)Where is the man (that/whom)I saw this morning? (在从句中作 宾语) 5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语 (1)He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. =The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (3)Do you like the book whose color is yellow? =Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、用关系代词填空 1.This is the man wants to see you. 2.The student answered the question is Zhang Hua. 3.Here is the pen you lost the day before yesterday. 4.The film we saw last night was wonderful. 5.I lived in a house roof has fallen in. who who that which whose Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、单项选择 ( )6.The boy we met last year has joined the army. A.where B.which C.whom D.what ( )7.This is the dictionary Mum gave me for my birthday. A.which B.what C.whose D.whom ( )8.The book he bought yesterday is interesting. A.that B.why C.when D.what ( )9.The man lives next to us is a teacher. A.who B.which C./ D.he ( )10.The boy father is a doctor is my classmate. A.who B.whose C.that D.which C A A A B Unit 1 Stay Healthy ( )1.It was dark in the city a few weak lights. A.except for B.except C.besides D.but ( )2.Both Alice and Betty well in biology. A.does B.is C.do D.are ( )3.Cathy kept the school yard for a day,and she wanted to keep it . A.clean;cleaning B.cleaning;clean C.clean;clean D.cleaning;cleaning ( )4. he is very old,he looks strong and healthy. A.Even if B.Because C.But D.Unless ( )5.The first lesson I learned will never be forgotten. A.whom B.which C.who D.that A C B A D 【教师备用】 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 易错提醒: 1.except for用于排除异类事物。 2.both.and.连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 3.keep+v.-ing意为“持续做;一直做”,“keep+宾语+形容词” 意为“使保持” 4.even if 引导让步状语从句。 5.先行词被序数词修饰且指物时,引导词只能用that。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 点击进入单元话题阅读 点击进入单元过关与检测 点击进入题型专项复习 点击进入综合评价卷（一） 点击进入综合评价卷（二） Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳与练习 1.概念 表示主语是动作的承受者。 2.构成 be+及物动词的过去分词,be有人称、数和时态的变化。 被动语态 时态结构 一般现在时am/is/are+done 一般过去时was/were+done 一般将来时shall/will/be going to+be done 现在完成时have/has+been done 含有情态动词 的情态动词 +be done Unit 1 Stay Healthy 3.被动语态的用法 (1)不知道谁是动作的执行者。 如:English is spoken in the world. 全世界说英语。 (2)没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。 如:The bridge was built last year. 这座桥是去年建造的。 (3)只需强调或突出动作的承受者。 如:The room has not been cleaned up yet. 房间还没有被打扫干净。 (4)动作的发出者不是人。 如:The window was blown by wind.风吹着窗户。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 4.主动语态变为被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语; (2)把谓语动词变成被动结构(be+过去分词); (3)把主动语态中的主语变为被动语态的宾语,放在介词by之后(如没有 必要,可以省略)。 【温馨提示】 (1)短语动词变为被动语态:短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动 语态时,介词或副词不能省略。 例如:We often talk with the old politely.我们经常很礼貌地和老 人说话。The old are often talked with politely by us. Unit 1 Stay Healthy (2)see,watch,hear,notice,listen to,look at,make,feel,have等动词 (短语)后作宾语补足语的动词不定式要省略to,但变为被动语态时,应 加上不定式符号to。 例如:The teacher made the boy stand outside.老师让那个男孩在 外边站着。The boy was made to stand outside by the teacher. (3)主动结构表示被动意义: open,shut,write,read,sell,wash,cut,burn等词作不及物动词时, 它们的主语是物,可用主动语态表示被动意义。 例如:The door wont open.门打不开了。 look,sound,taste,smell,feel等系动词用主动形式表示被动意义。 例如:The dress looks nice.这裙子看起来很漂亮。 want/need+doing 相当于 want/need+to be done。例如:The car needs repairing.= The car needs to be repaired.小汽车需要 修理。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 宾语补足语 宾语补足语用于补充说明宾语,通常由形容词、名词、副词、介 词短语、v.-ing、动词不定式等担任。动词不定式作宾语补足语时是 否带to,取决于所跟动词。 1.动词是tell,want,ask,advise,order等时,接带to的动词不定式作 宾语补足语。例如: Jane asked her son to play soccer. 简叫她的儿子去踢足球。 2.动词是make,let,have,see,watch,hear等时,接不带to的动词不定 式作宾语补足语。例如: The good news made them happy. 这个好消息使他们很高兴。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1.When we returned,we found a stranger (stand) in front of the house. 2.Many people like to dance with the song “Gangnam style” because it can make them (relax). 3.Tell him (not shut) the window. 4.The doctor advised her (stay)in bed for two years. 5.Did you have anyone (clean) the house? Yes,I have got the house (clean) well. standing relaxed not to shut to stay clean cleaned Unit 1 Stay Healthy 二、单项选择 ( )6.Flowers along the road last year. A.plant B.planted C.are plantedD.were planted ( )7.Our classroom is so clean. It every day. A.is cleanedB.was cleaned C.cleansD.cleaned ( )8.Driving after drinking wine in China. A.is not allowed B.are not allowed C.is not allowing D A A Unit 1 Stay Healthy ( )9.Many comic books into cartoons in the past 40 years. A.make B.are made C.have makeD.have been made ( )10.Our classroom should every day.(2015原创) A.be sweptB.be sweeping C.is swept D A Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单项选择 ( )1.Would you like some tea,please? Yes,and I prefer tea some sugar. A.toB.for C.with D.from ( )2.Would you like to drink? A.anythingB.something C.nothing C B Unit 1 Stay Healthy ( )3.The bridge two years ago. A.built B.builds C.was builtD.is built ( )4.Could you please tell me ? Theyre over there. A.where are the restrooms B.where were the restrooms C.where the restrooms are D.where the restrooms were C C Unit 1 Stay Healthy 【易错提醒】 1.易错选A,受prefer sth.to sth.意为“比起更喜欢” 的影响, 而本题中的意思表达的是“我喜欢加糖的茶”,with有;带有。 2.易错选A,只想到了anything用于否定句和疑问句,但something除用于肯 定句,还可以用于征求意见的疑问句。本题属于征求意见的疑问句。 3.此题易错选A。没有想到主语the bridge和谓语build之间是被动关系, 只考虑到了two years ago用于过去时态。 4.易错选D。受主句中could的影响,认为could是can的过去式,而在征求意 见的句子:Could you please.?中could不代表过去,只是一种委婉的 语气。由答语Theyre over there可知是现在时,所以选C。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy Unit 1 Stay Healthy 单元语法归纳与练习 1.在英语中,连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词,在句中不单独充 当任何成分。按照性质不同,连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词。由并 列连词连接的两个(或两个以上)简单句叫做并列句,由从属连词连接的 句子叫做主从复合句。并列连词可用来表示并列关系、转折关系、选 择关系或因果关系等。 连词and,but,or,so Unit 1 Stay Healthy 2.种类 英语中连词的用法讲解 表示并列关系and意为“和、而且”,多用于肯定句。在否定句中, 多用or表示“和”。(见例和例) 表示转折关系but 意为“但是”。(见例) 表示选择 关系or意为“或;否则”。(见例) 表示因果关系so意为“所以;因此;于是”。(见例) Unit 1 Stay Healthy 例句: Smile to the world,and the world will smile back to you. 对世界微笑,世界也会对你微笑。 I have no brothers or sisters. 我没有兄弟姐妹。 I want to buy a new iPad,but I dont have enough money. 我想买一个新iPad,但我没有足够的钱。 Which season do you like better,summer or winter? 你更喜欢哪个季节,夏季还是冬季? The traffic was too heavy,so we were late. 交通太拥堵,所以我们迟到了。 Unit 1 Stay Healthy 3.常见的短语连词 both.and.这一连词的意思是“和都,既也”,它