中学联盟江苏省沭阳县潼阳中学2017届高考英语语法专题复习倒装句讲解课件

语法讲解： Inversion(倒装句) 沭阳县潼阳中学 许丽东 英语句子的自然语序:“主语 + 谓 语” 如果将谓语的全部或一部分放在主语 之前，这种语序被称为“倒装”。谓 语全部放在主语之前，为全部倒装； 只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前 ，为部分倒装。 倒装的原因:一是语法结构的需要（ 如某些疑问句）；二是为了强调。 完全倒装 英语中五种完全倒装句 式 1.在“there be”结构里：其中be动词有时可用 live, stand, lie等词代替。(全部倒装） There is an experienced teacher and many lovely students upstairs. There lay a winding brook in front of an old manor. 2.“地点、方位、时间”副词放在句首，且句子主语是名词 ：there, here, in, out, inside, outside, up, down, away, off, downstairs, upstairs，now, then （全部倒装） （1）在here, now+comes/goes (通常用一般时）。 Now comes your turn. （2）当主语为代词时，不用倒装结构。 Here they are. Out they went into the forest. 注意： There goes the bell for the break. Away flew the bird which I bought yesterday. Upstairs hurried Mike with a book in his hand. (Away ran they. Away they ran. ) E1. Listen! there _the sound of temple bells. A. are coming B. did come C. comes D. come E2.- Here _! Where is Xiao Liu? - There _. A. comes the bus, is he B. comes the bus, he is C. the bus comes, is he D. the bus comes, he is 1)Nearby were the canoes in which they had come to the island. 2)Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens. 3) On the wall hang two pictures. 3.为了平衡句子结构，强调状语（常为介词短 语），上下文紧密衔接。 （全部倒装） 4)Yesterday we climbed up the mountain, at the bottom of which stood an old temple. 5)The soldiers arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. “Whats up, Tom.” asked Mother. “Do you know the Chinese for dedicate?” said the teacher. 4.直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时 用倒装。（全部倒装） 5.表语置于句首时，倒装结构“表语+连系 动词+主语” 。 Present at the meeting were students from Class 2. Gone are the days when we enjoyed the happy time in the wood. 部分倒装 英语中的部分倒装结构 把谓语中的助动词或情态动词放在主语之前 的则称为部分倒装。 共计11种情况 1)My mother went traveling this summer. So did I. 2)Simon has joined the school football team; so have the boys from our class. 3)She cant work out the math problem. Nor can I. 4)Karl Max was born in Germany and he knew several foreign languages. So it was with Engels. 1.由so / neither, nor 引起的倒装 ： “so + be/情态动词/助动词 + 主语”； “neither (nor) + be/情态动词/助动词 + 主语 ” “So it is (the same) with”(部分倒装 ） A E3.-You seem to be here for the first time. -_. This is my first time to visit China. A.So I am B.So am I C.So do I D.So I do 注意比较： So sb does/is: 确实如此 2.only + 状语（副词、介词短语、状语从句） 放在句首时。 （部分倒装） 1)Only then did I realize the value of reading aloud every morning. 2)Only by means of talking can we avoid misunderstanding each other. 3)Only when he reached school did he realize that he left his textbook at home. only+n./pron. 在句中做主语，句子不倒。 Only those who had tickets were allowed in. Only he can help us. E4. Only in this way_ to make improvement in the operating system. （2003 上海高考） A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope 注意: 从句不倒，主句倒。 3.(1)“so /such +表语/状语 + that从句”结构中的so 或such引导的表语/状语放在句首时。（部分倒装 ） 1）So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street. 2）So hurriedly did she leave that she forgot to switch off the lights. 3）Such a lovely child is he that all of us love him. 4) Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him. (2)so/suchthat引导的结果状语从 句，当so/such放在句首时，用倒装 如： So louldly did he speak that everybody could hear him clearly. Such a kindhearted man is he that everyone loves him. 部分倒装 (3)在“such+be+主语“的结构中。 1) Such was the story he told me. = The story he told me was such. 2) Such was what Peter spoke at the meeting. =What Peter spoke at the meeting was such. 3) Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements. 4) Such were her words. ( ) _ on mobile phones for storing information that people are unable to remember basic things. A. Such is the dependence B. Such dependence C. So they are dependent D. So do they depend 4.否定的副词或连词置于句首，如hardly, rarely, seldom, scarcely, barely, never, not, few, little, neither, nor, not only, in no case, at no time, by no means, 等。（部分 倒装） 1)Not a single mistake did he made. 2)Not until the 19th century was the written examination probably known. 3)Hardly had I reached the bus stop when the bus started. E5. At _ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning. She is too busy to take a good rest. A. no B. any C. each D. one A 5几个固定结构： 1) Not only+倒 but also+顺 Not only did he make a promise, but also he kept it. 2) Neither+倒 nor +顺 Neither did they remain silent nor any one of them shout at the top of his voice. 3)Either +倒 or +顺 Either will he choose to stay or go with the big group. 部分倒装 4)Not until置于句首时的部分倒装.注意：从 句不倒装，主句倒装。 He didnt go to school until he was eight. Not until he was eight, did he go to school. 6在虚拟语气结构中，当if省略时, 后面的 had, should ，were提到句首，剩下部分 不变。 If he had known about it , he would have come to the meeting yestersay. If it should rain tomorrow, we wouldnt have the meeting. = Had he known about it, = Should it rain tomorrow, 部分倒装 7. 在as（尽管）引导的让步状语从句中 1)Young as he is, he knows a lot. 2)Hard as he works, he is not good at maths. 3)Child as he is, he knows a lot. 4)Try as he might,he might fail again. 5)Try as you may, you cant persuade her to adopt your advice. (主谓不倒装，只须把表语提到as前，且作 表语的单数可数名词提到主语前时不带冠 词。) 8. 在Scarcely / Hardly had when和No sooner had than(刚就)的结构中 。如： Hardly had I got back when I started cooking. No sooner had we sat down than he found it was time to go. 部分倒装 9. 在频度状语often, always, many a time 等开头的句子中 Often did we warn them not to do so. Many a time has she helped me with my English. 部分倒装 10.用于表示祝愿和祝福之类的句子中。 （部分倒装或全部倒装） 1）May you succeed / be happy! 2) Long live the Peoples Republic of China! 11.用于疑问句。（部分倒装） Shall everything be ready before you arrive. a. Have you seen the film? b. When are we going to drink to your happiness? 注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然 语序。 c. Who is your sister? d. What is our work? 高考链接： 1.Not until all the fish died in the river_ how serious the pollution was. A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realize C.the villagers did realize D.didnt the villagers realize 2.It was not until 1920_ regular radio broadcasts began. A.while B.which C.that D.since 3.I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life_ so happy. A.did I feel B.I felt C.I had felt D.had I felt 4._ can you expect to get a pay rise. A.With hard work B.Although work hard C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard 5.Not only_ polluted but_ crowded. A.was the city; were the streets B.the city was; were the streets C.was the city; the streets were D.the city was; the streets were 6.So_ that no fish can live in it. A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shallow is the lake D.is the lake shallow 7.Little_ about his own safety, though he was in great danger himself. A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared 8.Was it in 1969_ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon? A.when; on B.that; on C.when; in D.that; in 9._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not 10.-David has made great progress recently. -_, and_ . A.So he has; so you have B.So he has; so have you C.So has he; so have you D.So has he; so you have 11.Here _the good news for every man and woman who _in the town. A.is ; live B.is; lives C.are; live D.are; lives 12. Early in the day _ the news _ the enemy were gone. A. come, that B. came , that C. comes ,that D. came , what 13. Not only _ strict with us, but also _ for us. A. was the teacher ; did he care B. was the teacher ; he cared C. the teacher was ; did he care D. the teacher was ; did he care 14. _, he knows a lot of English . A. Child as he is B. As he is a Child C. A child as he is D. Child though he was 15. _ the cat , she has to give it to the neighbor. A. As she likes much B. As she much likes C. Much as she likes D. As much she likes 16. _ to rain tomorrow , they would put off the meeting. A. If it should B. If were it C. Should it D. were it 17. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. No sooner had he, when B. He hardly had, then C. Hardly had he, when D. He hardly had, then 18. _ find out what had happened. A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did he wake up he D. Not until he woke up did he . 19. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill. A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care 20. Be quick! _. A. Here comes the bus B. The bus here comes C. The bus come here D. Here the bus comes 21. If you want to go there, _. A. so will I B. so I will C. I will so D. so do I 22. In front of the farmhouse _. A. does a small boy sit B. did a small boy sit C. sit a small boy D. sat a small boy 23. Scarcely _ down when _ a knock at the door. A. had he sat ; did he hear B. he had sat ; did he hear C. he had sat ; he heard D. had he sat ; he heard 24. Here _. A. does he come B. he comes C. comes he D. he come 25. Only _ that. A. can a doctor do B. a doctor can do C. can do a doctor D. can a doctor does 26. Not even once _ a lie. A. has Mike told B. Mike has told C. had Mike told D. Mike had told 27. Not for a moment _ what he said. A. I believed B. did I believe C. I would believe D. I believe 28. In _ and the students stood up. A. the teacher comes B. the teacher coming C. came the teacher D. did the teacher come 29. No sooner _ begun to speak than I realized that something was wrong. A. he has B. he had C. had he D. did he 30. I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize 解析：答案为D. 句首为“only + 副词” 时，句子要用部分倒装语序；根据语 境应为一般过去时态。 31. _ got into the room _ the telephone rang. A. He hardly had; then B. Hardly had he; when C. He had not; than D. Not had he; when 32. Only when your identity has been checked _. A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in B D 直击高 考 . Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today.（05 上海） A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this city D. this city was 2 I would never ever come to this restaurant again.