研究生英语综合教程(上)unit_4答案.ppt

高等院校研究生英语系列教材 综合教程（上） INTEGRATED COURSE 2 Unit 4 Love and Marriage Content Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project Task 1 Work in groups to list the possible relationships a normal human being will encounter in his lifetime. Also list the words and activities related to a certain relationship. Starting outTask 1Starting outTask 1 e.g. Friendship, work, peer, love, parental, marriage Words for reference: Friendship: care, association, esteem, empathy, friendliness, attachment, affinity, bond, harmony, intimacy, affection; going to movies, heart-to -heart talk, playing sports together Starting outTask 1Starting outTask 1 Work: co-worker, managers, team leaders, business talk, business lunch, team work, promotion Love: affection, attraction, romantic dating, candlelit dinner, hug, kiss, courtship Parental: unconditional love, deep care Starting outTask 1Starting outTask 1 Task 2 Watch a part of the American movie Sleepless in Seattle and discuss with your partner how the son feels about his father and the father about the son as well his late wife. Starting outTask 2Starting outTask 2 Click the picture Sons feeling for his father Worried, care, love, Fathers feeling for his son Love, affection Fathers feeling for his late wife Love, memory Starting outTask 2Starting outTask 2 Task 3 Read the following paragraph and discuss with your partner what makes a happy marriage and why. The Beatles sang, “All you need is love.” Your friends might tell you, “Good communication is all you really need.” Your parents advise you, “The key is to marry someone with the same values.” What do you think is essential for a happy marriage? Starting outTask 3Starting outTask 3 Love and Loving Relationships Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding 2 Detailed Information3 Critical Thinking4 Language Points5 Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action6 Background Information1 Listen to a talk on The mathematical Marriage Predictor and answer the following questions. 1) What did James Murray try to do? To explore the rocky road of romance. 2) What was the first step James Murray take in his research? Videotaped hundreds of volunteer couples in discussion. 3) What did James Murray do with the videotapes? Break down behavioral responses to these high-pressure discussions into recognizable groups. Background InformationBackground Information Script 4) What prediction did James Murray try to make with his findings? Whether the marriage would last. 5) How correct was James Murrays prediction? Ninety-four percent. 6) What is the indicator of a divorce according to the Mathematical Marriage Predictor? “Roll your eyes and say goodbyes.” Background InformationBackground Information Reading FocusReading Focus Global Understanding 1 (Paras. 1-3) 2 (Paras. 4-7) 3 (Paras. 8-12) Love is essential for human survival. What is love? What brings people together? Discuss in groups to identify the missing information. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part I Main idea: Love is essential for human survival. Arguments: A._ _ B._ _ C._ _ The family is the earliest and most important source of love and emotional support. Children deprived of love have been known to develop a variety of problems. Research shows the quality of care infants received affects how they later get along with friends. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part I D._ _ E._ _ F._ _ _ Love for oneself, or self-love, is also essential for our social and emotional development. Social scientists describe self-love as important for self-esteem. People who dont like themselves may not be able to return love but may constantly seek love relationships to bolster their own poor self-images. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part II Main idea: What is love? Arguments: A. Love is an _ Supporting evidence: a. _ _ b. _ c. _ _ _ d. _ _ elusive concept People give a variety of answers when asked what love is. Love has many dimensions. It can be romantic, exciting, obsessive, and irrational, platonic, calming, altruistic, and sensible. It varies in degree and intensity and across social contexts. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part II B. Three elements are necessary for a love relationship: Supporting evidence: a. _ b. _ _ c. _ _ C. _ _ _ _ _ Supporting evidence: _ _ a willingness to please and accommodate the other. an acceptance of the other persons faults and shortcomings. as much concern about the loved ones welfare as ones own. Love, especially longterm love, has nothing in common with the images of love or frenzied sex that we get from Hollywood, television, and romance novels. “Real” love is closer to what one author called “stirring-the-oatmeal love”. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part III Main idea: _ _ Arguments: A._ _ B._ _ C._ _ What brings people together? And is there a person out there that one is meant for? Empirical studies show that cultural norms and values, not fate, bring people together. Criticism and approval teach us what is acceptable romantic behavior and with whom. Lust and desire are different from loveespecially romantic love. Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Part III D. _ _ _ E. _ _ _ One should not conclude that desire always culminates in physical intimacy or that desire is the same as romantic love. Healthy love relationships, whether physical or not (such as love for family members), reflect a balance of caring, intimacy, and commitment. Task 2 Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text. (P105) Key: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 BAB CDB CD CB Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information Critical Thinking Reading Focus Step One Read the following sentences from the text and decide whether you agree with the author. Work in groups to provide examples to support your opinions. 1. Loveas both an emotion and a behavior is essential for human survival. 2. Love for oneself, or self-love, is also essential for our social and emotional development. 3. Love is an elusive concept. 4. Love has many dimensions. Reading FocusCritical Thinking Step Two Discuss in groups the following questions. 1. What do you think is the ideal relationship? 2. What is essential for a long-term relationship? 3. People say its difficult to maintain long-term relationship nowadays. Do you agree and why? Reading FocusCritical Thinking Babies and children deprived of love have known to develop a wide variety of problemfor example, depression, headaches, physiological impairments, and neurotic and psychosomatic difficultiesthat sometimes last a lifetime. (Para. 1) Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point deprived of: 剥夺；使丧失 e.g. He was deprived of his rights to education. 他被剥夺了受教育的权利。 impairment: the fact that a part of your body is unable to do something fully （身体机能的）受损 e.g. a hearing impairment 听力受损 neurotic: extremely worried about something in an unreasonable way 极端焦虑的；神经质的 psychosomatic: of or relating to a physical disorder or illness that is caused or seems to be influenced by emotional factors（疾病）由身心失调引起的 Among other things, people who like themselves are more open to criticism and less demanding of others. (Para. 3) Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point among other things: 除了别的以外，此外 e.g. 1) Shes very keen on sport: among other things, she plays tennis twice a week. 2) At the meeting they discussed, among other things, recent events in Japan. demanding: (指人)对他人要求高的, 苛求的 e.g. Children are so demanding: they need constant attention. 3. Love has many dimensions. (Para. 5) dimension: an aspect of a situation that influences the way that you think about the situation 方面；部分 e.g. 1) There is a dimension to the problem that we have not discussed. 2) There is a political dimension to the accusations. Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 4. Although love may involve passionate yearning, respect is a more important quality. (Para. 6) Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point yearning: n. a strong desire or feeling of wanting something 向往，思慕， 渴望 e.g. 1) He had a deep yearning to return to his home town. 2) I suppose its because I live in a crowded city that I have this yearning for open spaces. 5. Even during the preteen years, romantic experiences are cultured in the sense that societal and group practices and expectations shape romantic experience. (Para. 10) preteen: of, relating to, characteristic of, or designed for preteens 13岁以下儿童的 e.g. preteen fashions 青春期前儿童时装 societal: relating to a particular society, or the way society is organized 社会的 e.g. societal changes 社会变革 societal forces 社会势力 Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 6. Regan and Berscheid (1999) differentiate between lust, desire, and romantic love. (Para. 11) differentiate: to see or show a difference between things= distinguish 识别；看出的差别 e.g. 1) Neil is color-blind and cannot differentiate between red and green. 2) Its sometimes hard to differentiate one sample from another. Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point 6. Once desire diminishes, disappointed lovers may wonder where the “spark” in their relationship has gone and may reminisce regretfully (and longingly) about “the good old days”. (Para. 11) Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point diminish: to become less, or to make something become less （使）变小；（使）减少 e.g. Suddenly the wind diminished and the seas grew calm again. 突然风变小了，大海又平静了下来。 reminisce: v. to recall or talk about past experiences, events, etc. 追忆往事，缅怀往事；回忆，话旧 e.g. We spent the evening reminiscing about our university days. 我们整晚都在追忆我们的大学时光。 Exercise: Choose the appropriate word to fill in the blank, change the form when necessary. Reading FocusReading Focus Language Point diminish decrease reduce 1) Our water supply _ as a result of the drought. 2) There has been a steady _ in population in this city. 3) The helmet law should _ injuries in motorcycle accidents. has diminished decrease reduce Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8- 9- 10- Task 1 Choose the answer that is closest in meaning to the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. (P107) AACBB CDC Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action AC Task 2 1. The two countries have always _ close relations. 2. When were together, all he talks about is business. I wish he were more _. 3. The museum is closed while _ repairs are being carried out. 4. She had packed two cases with clothes, towels and other _. 5. His coaching has added another _ to my game. Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning. Change the form if necessary. (P107) maintained (a) romantic (a) Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action maintain, intimate, essential, defy, dimension, romantic essential (a) essentials (c) dimension (c) 6. Were not on _ terms with our neighbours. 7. He _ that the money was donated for international purposes. 8. The beauty of the scene _ description. 9. He _ his wishes with a slight nod of his head. 10. Computers design tools that work in three _. intimate (a) maintains (c) defies (b) intimated (d) Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action dimensions (a) 11. This was the first time that I dared to _ my mother. 12. The castle is set in one of Englands most _ landscapes. 13. I did not realize the _ of the problem. 14. Her income was barely enough to _ one child, let alone three. 15. He surprised me with his _ knowledge of Kierkegaard and Schopenhauer. defy (a) romantic (b) dimensions (b) Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action maintain (d) intimate (c) Reading FocusReading Focus Vocabulary in Action Task 3 Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) prerequisitedate respectimportant whomever candidates highlyessential suitablesufficient The Last Chapter Reading MoreReading More Reading MoreReading More Global Understanding Detailed Information Critical Thinking Language Points Vocabulary in Action 1 2 3 4 5 Fighting youth Paras. 4-6 Loving couple Change happening Paras. 1-3 Paras. 7-15 Loving because of forgetting Paras. 16-18 Reading MoreGlobal Understanding Text Exploration Complete the following extra with information from the text. (P113) Key: 1) everything 2) throw 3) lost 6) financial 7) alcohol 8) taking 4) marriage 5) fear 9) where 10) explained Reading FocusReading Focus Detailed Information 11) anxiety 12) cry 13) approached 14) shared 15) structure Critical Thinking Reading MoreReading More Step One Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text youve just read. 1. What caused the problems in the marriage of the old couple when they were young? 2. What was the cause for the changes that occurred later when they got old? 3. If you were a marriage consultant, what suggestions would you give to couples who have the same problems as the old couple had in the passage? Reading MoreCritical Thinking Step Two Discuss in groups the following questions. 1. Why do we need marriage today? Is it loneliness? Is it teamwork? Share with your classmates your ideas about why people get married. 2. “You do not marry someone you can live with; you marry the person you cannot live without.” Do you agree with the saying? Give your reasons. Reading MoreCritical Thinking Their loving reassurances were sweet, touchingand surprising. (Para. 3) Reading More Reading More Language Point reassurance: something that is said or done which makes someone feel calmer and less worried or frightened about a problem e.g. 1) Parents are looking for reassurance about their childrens safety. 2) The Administration gave repeated reassurances that there was absolutely no danger to the public. 2. He was a Republican; she an ardent Democrat. (Para. 5) Reading More Reading More Language Point ardent: showing strong positive feelings about an activity and determination to succeed at it e.g. 1) Hes been one of the most ardent supporters of the administrations policy. 2) an ardent baseball fan 3. There was a hope that they would change once they retired, and the furious winds did calm somewhat, but what remained steeled itself into bright, hard bitterness. (Para. 6) Reading More Reading More Language Point furious: only before noun done with a lot of energy, effort, or anger 猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的 e.g. a furious storm 猛烈的暴风雨 a furious argument 激烈的争论 steel yourself: to prepare yourself to do something that you know will be unpleasant or upsetting e.g. As she waited, she steeled herself for disappointment. 4. Wed provide the cake, the balloons, the toasts, and theyd abide by one rule: no fighting. (Para. 7) Reading More Reading More Language Point abide by: to accept and obey a decision, rule, agreement etc, even though you may not agree with it e.g. You have to abide by the referees decision. Task 1 1. doubt Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate form of the word given and explains its meaning. Reading MoreReading More Vocabulary in Action A. Whether he will continue to be successful in the future is open to _. B. I _if that was what he wanted. C. Im still _ whether I should accept this job. doubt doubt doubtful 2. sprout A. Hundreds of mushrooms had _ up overnight. B. Add bean _ and cook another half minute. 3. lavish A. It was one of the most _ weddings Ive ever been to. B. He thought he would win her by _ her with expensive gifts. sprouted sprouts lavish lavishing Reading MoreReading More Vocabulary in Action 4. share A. Sue _ a house with three other students. B. Would you like to _ your experience with the rest of the group? C. Hed had more than his fair _ of adventure. 5. bet A. I wouldnt _ on them winning the next election. B. Bookma