朗阁-雅思阅读填空题备战宝典.doc

雅思培训 托福培训雅思阅读填空题备战宝典朗阁海外考试研究中心 如何做好雅思填空题，是许多“烤鸭们”头痛的事。多的阅读填空题，掌握技巧才是关键。在之前的论文中，朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家详细讲解了雅思阅读中填空题的特点以及相对的做题技巧，本文中将主要讲解这种技巧在实战中的应用。在解释应用之前先回顾一下此题型的特点和做题技巧：1、 summary（填空）题的题型特点及做题技巧回顾summary（填空）题的题型特点如下：1、题目会清晰地告诉考生在空格里填几个词（此题是“ONE WORD ONLY”；另外两种可能是NO MORE THAN TWO/THREE WORDS）。2、空格里所填的词几乎100%是原文中的原词，因为题目里说到“from the passage for each answer”；偶尔会出现例外情况，会填文章中某个词的衍生词。3、空格里90%的情况下填的是名词。因为出题人在出题的时候会想法设法通过同义替换的方式把原文中的动词和形容词换掉，从而起到用词不同、句意一致、同时增加难度的效果。而在这种情况下，名词一般不会被换掉，而会变成题目让考生在文章当中寻找。4、填空题的出题顺序和原文的顺序一致。这是雅思考试非常人性化的一种设置，这也为考生做这种题型减少了一定定位上的难度。summary（填空）题的做题方法：1、 确定第一个题目的定位词。因为确定完第一道题在文章中的位置后，其他题目一定会在第一道题之后出现。2、 根据空格前后的名词定位空格上填的词，要特别注意空格前后出现的修饰关系。3、 注意空格前出现的冠词“a/an/the”，因为冠词后一定会出现名词，所以一般情况下，如果题目空格前出现了“a/an/the”，文章中对应的答案前也会出现相应的冠词，特别“定冠词the”。4、如果题目空格前或者后出现了介词“of”，那么文章中对应的答案前或后也可能会出现介词“of”，因为“of”在名词前后出现表示一种修饰关系，文章中一般不会换掉。5、 注意题目所在句子里的“逻辑关系”，一般常见为“并列关系、因果关系和转折关系”，因为题目出现这种“逻辑关系”，文章中相对应的句子一般也会出现这种“逻辑关系”，可以根据这些对应的“逻辑关系”词来定位。6、注意题目句子和文章句子中的“同义替换”词，一般是同义词替换和衍生词替换。2、 summary（填空）题做题技巧的实战应用例文是：剑5真题集TEST2第三篇文章Complete the summary.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.In Europe, modern science emerged at the same time as the nation state. At first, the scientific language of choice remained 28 . It allowed scientists to communicate with other socially privileged thinkers while protecting their work from unwanted exploitation. Sometimes the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them, particularly in the case of mathematicians and 29 . In Britain, moreover, scientists worried that English had neither the 3 nor the 31 to express their ideas. This situation only changed after 1660 when scientists associated with the 32 set about developing English. An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments. Although English was then overtaken by 33 , it developed again in the 19th century as a direct result of the 34 .做题技巧的应用：先找到28题所在句子中有可能在文章里出现或被替换的单词，此时，比较重要的词是“at first”（如果文章题目中出现与“最初”相关的词，文章中一般都会被换掉）和“scientific language of choice”。因为这是整篇文章的第一题，所以从文章开始找，在文章的第五段开头找到了这样的一个句子：“There were several reasons why original science continued to be written in Latin.”文章和题目出现了明显的对应关系，“at first”对应“original”，题目中的“scientific language of choice”对应文章中的“science continued to be written in Latin”，所以28题填“Latin”。根据顺序原则，29题在28题之后，又根据定位词“mathematicians”和并列关系词“and”（做题技巧5），可以确定29题应该填一种与“mathematicians”相对应的另一种人，在文章第6段找到了“And in the mid-17th century it was common practice for mathematicians to keep their discoveries and proofs secret, by writing them. Some scientists might have felt more comfortable with Latin precisely because its audience, though international, was socially restricted. Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an insider language.”在这三句话中，与“mathematicians”相对应的有两种人“scientists”和“doctors”，根据29题之前“the desire to protect ideas seems to have been stronger than the desire to communicate them”与文章里“Doctors clung the most keenly to Latin as an insider language.”中的“insider language”对应关系，所以29题应该填“doctors”。30题和31题是一对否定并列关系（做题技巧5），而且两个空格的前面都出现了定冠词“the”（做题技巧3），所以文章中所填的词前面也极有可能出现定冠词“the”，根据题目中的定位词“In Britain, scientists worried that English had neither.”，可以定位到文章中的“English was not well equipped to deal with scientific argument. First, it lacked the necessary technical vocabulary. Second, it lacked the grammatical resources required to represent the world in an objective and impersonal way”，“lacked”对应“had neither.nor.”，所以30和31题应该分别填“technical vocabulary”和“grammatical resources”。32题所在句子中的“associated with the 32 ”是用来修饰“scientists”的（做题技巧2），根据顺序原则32题在31题之后，又根据年代“after 1660”，所以对应文章中第七段里的“Although a proposal in 1664 to establish a committee for improving the English language came to little, the societys members did a great deal to foster the publication of science in English and to encourage the development of a suitable writing style.”，根据意思的对应关系是与“society”（在文章指的是Royal Society）有关的“members”开始去发展英语，正好对应题目中的“与 32 有联系的科学家开始发展英语”，所以32题填“Royal Society”。最后的33题和34题在一句话中，此句中出现了转折关系词“although”（做题技巧5），又因为数字“19th century”的辅助定位，最终定位在文章最后一段话“It is estimated that by the end of the 18th century 401 German scientific journals had been established as opposed to 96 in France and 50 in England. However, in the 19th century scientific English again enjoyed substantial lexical growth as the industrial revolution created the need for new technical vocabulary,.”，因为although后面的部分相当于“howe