2018年高考英语一轮复习语法专题定语从句复习测含解析新人教版.docx

定语从句（时间50分钟；满分100分）班级_姓名_考号_得分_I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I was just out of college,I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock（股票）exchange.Though it was a proud_1_,the job was simply too physically_2_一I must stand in a crowd every day,which often_3_me in a mindset（心态）that held me back.Manhattan is a walking town and its difficult to_4_when you have a disability.Taxis are expensive and riding the subway_5_dozens of steep steps to get below_6_.This left me only one_7_the bus.One night,after the_8_for my job,I was aching with self-pity_9_it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more_10_without an umbrella,thinking Id never_11_it in this city.Telling myself,this city is just too hard and maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me.And then,I_12_the most beautiful,short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates,hand_13_hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the_14_as an opportunity and romance.I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I_15_have missed this beauty_16_if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This,although_17_,was an important moment on my journey to discovering the_18_of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset,_19_for a moment,to what is possible and work to get rid of the self-limiting beliefs that_20_my daily actions,I will be on the road to a healthier,happier life.1. A. adjustment B. achievement C. agreement D. treatment2. A. tiring B. boring C. relaxing D. disappointing3. A. reminded B. expected C. took D. left4. A. go up B. get around C. set off D. show up5. A. requests B. supports C. requires D. surrounds6. A. ground B. street C. town D. city7. A. change B. chance C. idea D. choice8. A. struggle B. work C. experience D. influence9. A. before B. while C. when D. after10. A. nervous B. curious C. scared D. upset11. A. get B. make C. put D. watch12. A. recalled B. observed C. witnessed D. realized13. A. on B. by C. to D. in14. A. rain B. tree C. wind D. cloud15. A. shall B. would C. need D. must16. A. exactly B. instantly C. entirely D. suddenly17. A. strange B. small C. normal D. different18. A. humor B. honesty C. power D. principle19. A. still B. yet C. also D. even20. A. affect B. follow C. forbid D. harm【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A2. 考查形容词辨析及上下文推理。句意：尽管它是一个自豪的成就，这份工作简直太累人了。tiring累人的，令人疲倦的；boring无聊的，令人厌烦的；relaxing令人轻松的； disappointing令人失望的。根据本句中“I must stand in a crowd every day,”可知，这份工作是劳累的。故选A.3. 考查动词辨析。句意：我每天都必须站在人群中，这常常让我有想退缩的心态。remind提醒；expect预期；take拿，带走；leave离开,留下。“leave+sb.+宾补”表示“让某人”。故选D.4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：曼哈顿是一个步行小镇，你有残疾的话很难四处走动。go up上升；get around传播，随便走走；set off出发；show up出现，到场。结合语境可知get around最合适。故选B.5. 考查动词辨析。句意：出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。request请求；support支持；require需要，要求；surround围绕。根据句意可知只有require符合语境。故选C.6. 考查名词辨析及生活常识。句意：出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。ground地面；street街道；town城镇；city城市。根据本句中“the subway”以及常识可知，乘坐地铁在地面下。故选A.10. 考查形容词辨析。句意：没有雨伞，我变得越来越沮丧，心想我不会在这个城市里成功了。nervous紧张不安的；curious好奇的；scared害怕的；upset心烦的，沮丧的。下雨天由于没有雨伞让作者心情沮丧。故选D.11. 考查固定搭配。句意：没有雨伞，我变得越来越沮丧，心想我不会在这个城市里成功了。get得到；make使得，制造；put放；watch观察，注意。Make it表示“达成目标，成功，做成某事”。故选B.12. 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，我目睹了最美丽、最短暂的时刻。recall召回，回想；observe观察；witness目击；realize认识到。根据下文介绍一对夫妇的画面，可知是作者看到的。故选C.13. 考查介词及固定搭配。句意：一对夫妇穿着溜冰鞋，手拉着手，他们溜冰的时候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand手拉手，携手，是固定搭配。故选D.14. 考查名词辨析。句意：他们都是湿的，但他们把雨当成是一个机会和浪漫。rain雨；tree树；wind风；cloud云。根据上文提到下起了雨，可知此处这对夫妇把雨当成一种浪漫。故选A.15. 考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。shall应，将；would将，将要；need需要；must必须，一定。根据句子分析可知，此处是虚拟句，if引导的对过去的虚拟，if+主语+did/were to do /should do,主语+should /would /could do.该处用would表示最准确。故选B.16. 考查副词辨析。句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。exactly正是，恰好；instantly立即，马上；entirely完全地；suddenly突然。根据语境可知，作者觉得如果乘坐其他交通工具就完全错过了这一幕。故选C.17. 考查形容词辨析。句意：这是我在探索健康和幸福的过程中所经历的一个重要时刻。strange奇怪的，陌生的；small小的；normal正常的；different不同的。B第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 21(2016江西宜春二模)Rockclimbing is a breathtaking activity，very popular nationwide among young people，_cooperation as well as courage plays an important role.22(2016山东省实验中学三模)Our English teacher is wearing a gold watch, the hands of_are made of small diamonds.23(2016江西吉安一模)In autumn，_the weather is often cool and fine, people living in the city always like climbing hills for outdoor activities to strengthen their health.24(2016山东青岛一模)The result was not the same as they had expected，_was rather disappointing.25(2016重庆一中期中)Mr.Luke，in_supermarket we bought an iPad last week, will give us a report on how to choose a career this evening.26(2016湖南武汉三模)Where did you come across our Chinese teacher?It was in the supermarket_I purchased mooncakes.27(2016山东临沂质检)The volunteers will visit the primary school next Monday，_all the students are children of migrant workers.28(2016浙江杭州高级中学月考六)Flying kites，_some researchers point out, can not only bring about joy to us, but also promote our physical and mental health.29(2016辽宁锦州期末)Driveins have large parking lots _customers are served in their cars by waitresses.30(2016辽宁葫芦岛调研)With the fast development of agriculture, the people, in_village she taught 10 years ago, have lived a happy life.23when句意：在秋天，那时候天气经常是凉爽而又晴朗的，生活在城市里的人们总是喜欢将爬山作为户外活动来加强他们的健康。在定语从句中，先行词是autumn，句子结构完整，所以用关系副词来作状语，表示时间，答案为when。24which句意：结果和他们预料的不一样，相当令人失望。考查非限制性定语从句。which在从句中作主语。25whose句意：上周我们在他的超市里购买iPad的那个Luke先生今天晚上要给我们作关于择业的讲座。关系词在从句中作定语修饰supermarket，用whose。26where句意：你在哪里遇到我们的语文老师的？是在我买月饼的那个超市里面。先行词the supermarket是一个地点，所以用关系副词where作从句的地点状语，答案为where。27where句意：志愿者下个星期一将去参观小学，那里所有的学生都是农民工的孩子。先行词是the primary school，定语从句中不缺成分，用where引导定语从句，答案为where。28as句意：正如一些研究人员指出的，放风筝不仅能给我们带来快乐，而且也能促进我们的身心健康。这里是as引导的非限制性定语从句，as指代主句的内容，而且在定语从句中作宾语。29where句意：“免下车”餐厅有很大的停车场，顾客可以在自己的汽车里接受女侍者的服务。考查定语从句。large parking lots是地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填where。30whose句意：随着农业的快速发展，在她10年前教书的村子里，人们一直过着幸福的生活。考查定语从句。in whose villagein peoples village，关系词在从句中作定语，所以填whose。II阅读 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】Exhibitions in the British MuseumHokusai: beyond the Great WaveKatsushika Hokusai (1760-1849) is widely regarded as one of Japans most famous and influential artists.He produced works of astonishing quality right up until his death at the age of 90.This new exhibition will lead you on an artistic journey through the last 30 years of Hokusais lifea time when he produced some of his most memorable masterpieces.25 May13 August 2017Room 35Adults12,Members/under 16s freePlaces of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950Drawn from the British Museums rich collection,this is the first exhibition devoted to landscape drawings and watercolours by British artists in the Victorian and modern erastwo halves of very different centuries.23 February27 August 2017Room 90Free,just drop inScythians: warriors of ancient SiberiaThis major exhibition explores the story of the Scythiansnomadic tribes and masters of mounted warfare,who flourished between 900 and 200 BC.Their encounters with the Greeks,Assyrians and Persians were written into history but for centuries all trace of their culture was lostburied beneath the ice.14 September 201714 January 2018Room 30Adults16.50,Members/under 16s freePolitics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli GiftThis display is part of the Museums contribution to the India-UK Year of Culture 2017.It looks at the popular print culture of India from the 1880s until the 1950s.19 July3 September 2017Room 90aFree,just drop in31. If you are interested in drawings of natural scenery,you will probably go to_.A. Room 35 B. Room 90C. Room 30 D. Room 90a32. Which exhibition can you attend in October 2017?A. Hokusai: beyond the Great Wave.B. Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.C. Places of the mind: British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950.D. Politics and paradise: Indian popular prints from the Moscatelli Gift.33. Where can we most probably find the passage?A. In a health report. B. In a story book.C. In a parenting magazine. D. In a tour guide.【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D B【广西桂林市桂林中学2017届高三8月月考】 “Heaven (天堂) is where the police are English, the cooks are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and everything is organized by the Swiss. Hell (地狱) is where the police are German, the cooks are English, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss, and everything is organized by the Italians.”Obviously the national stereotypes (模式化的思想) in this old joke are generalizations (普遍化), but such stereotypes are often said to “exist for a reason”. Is there actually a sliver (裂片) of truth in them? Not likely, an international research team now says.“National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing,” said study author Robert McCrae of the National Institute on Aging. “These are in fact unfounded stereotypes. They dont come from looking around you,” McCrae said.If national stereotypes arent rooted in real experiences, then where do they come from? One possibility is that they reflect national values, which may become known from historical events. For example, many historians have argued that the spirit of American individualism (个人主义) has its origins in the experiences of the pioneers on the Old West.Social scientists such as psychologist Richard Robins have given several other possible explanations for stereotypes and why they may be incorrect. Robins notes that some stereotypes may have been correct at one point in history and then remained unchanged while the culture changed.We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes. Generally, according to Robins, when we meet people who are different from our stereotypes, we see them as unique individuals rather than typical national or cultural groups.34. The stereotype about Italians is _.A. romantic but disorganizedB. friendly and good-temperedC. dreamy and impracticalD. strict but thoughtful35. National stereotypes are not always correct because_.A. they are formed by individual historiansB. what was true in the past may not be true at the presentC. generalizations are made through personal experienceD. people tend to have false idea about other cultures36. According to the research team led by McCrae, national stereotypes are _.A. interestingB. harmfulC. humorousD. unreliable37. The underlined word “hard-wired” in the last paragraph probably means_.A. forgetfulB. anxiousC. fixedD. helpless36.D 考查细节理解题。根据第三段提到National and cultural stereotypes do play an important role in how people see themselves and others, and being aware that these are not dependable is a useful thing这些模式化的观念在人们如何看待这个国家的问题上起着重要的作用，但完全依靠这种判断是不是可能的，故选D项。37.C 考查词意理解。根据最后一段提到We may be “hard-wired”, to some degree, to keep incorrect stereotypes, since we are less likely to notice and remember information that is different from our stereotypes在某种程度上，保持错误的模式化思想可能就是无法改变的， 因为我们不可能注意到与我们模式化思想的不同，故选C项。考点 ：文化类阅读。C【湖北省部分重点中学2017届高三上学期起点考试】 I believe you can do your best. Not being the best but toughing the limits of what youre capable of. I gained this belief from my third grade teacher, the most special, honored, trustworthy, and loved person in my life.Mr. Myrus was always perfectly dressed and spoke with the belief that talking to eight-year-olds didnt mean he had to sacrifice proper statements or grammars. And he was demanding but he wasnt unreasonable or cruel. He simply felt that no matter what your best was, you should achieve it.As luck would have it, I met him again as my eighth grade math teacher. I was not, nor ever will be, gifted in math. I remember my struggles in class. “I dont know the answer,” I would say, “I cant do it!” “Perhaps you dont know the answer,” he would say quietly. “Do you think we might figure it out together? How do you know what you can do until you try?”Mr. Myrus lived around the corner, and I would often stop by to talk while he worked in his garden. I knew there was someone who let me know that if I had really tried, that was enough. “Dont be so hard on yourself,” hed say. “Stop blaming yourself. Did you try your best? Well, then youre not a failure,” he often told me these words.Mr. Myrus died in 1978. I had never thought about his death. He was too young. I felt sorry. But when I think about him now, I dont feel so sorry. He taught me to be kind, not only to others, but to myself. He taught me my own value. He taught me about honor, about truth, and about doing my bestand that all feelings and beliefs have dignity and deserve respect. And of all the things I know, this I believe: We cant all be “the best”, but we can, each of us, be our best, and I know thats true because Mr. Myrus told me that.38. What can we know about Mr. Myrus according to the passage?A. He usually treats his students in a hard way. B. He is responsible for his teaching and students.C. He is a person who isnt particular about what he wears.D. He sometimes is cruel and unreasonable to his students.39. The author thought he was a lucky dog because _.A. he had got a great belief from his teacherB. Mr. Myrus had taught him for eight yearsC. Mr. Myrus became his teacher a second timeD. he developed a good relationship with Mr. Myrus40. It can be concluded from the third paragraph that _.A. the author preferred other subjects to mathB. Mr. Myrus thought it was very easy to learn mathC. the author was ashamed to admit his math was poorD. Mr. Myrus helped the author build up his confidence40.D 考查推理判断题。根据第三段提到当作者说，我不知道答案时，老师鼓励他，也许你不知道答案，你认为我们一起做出来怎么样，只有不努力怎么知道自己不能做，故选D项。第二节 【广西桂林市桂林中学2017届高三8月月考】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth tasking. _41_ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why? Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. _42_ As the quality of Risk-taking was passed from on ration to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then? Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it. _43_ No matter where you are on the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years. _44_ To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well. _45_ For the risk-seekers a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active. As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A. Those are the risks you should jump to take.B. It all depends on your character.C. Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D. Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E. This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F. However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G. New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.【答案】41.F42.C43.B 44.E45.G43.B 前面说So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it也许你喜欢赛车，也许你不喜欢这要依据