北师大版高中英语必修2unit4（全套课件）

Unit 4 Cyberspace 教材背景链接,Imagination is more important than knowledge. Albert Einstein 想像力比知识更为重要。 阿尔伯特爱因斯坦 Anything one man can imagine，other men can make real. Jules Verne，French Writer 但凡人能想像到的事物，必定有人能将它实现。 法国作家凡尔纳,Will Email Replace Letterwriting? The State of Letterwriting To truly know the decline of letterwriting，its best to look at surveys of the young.Two years ago，a survey found that a third of 16 to 19yearold girls had never written a letter，while among boys，the figure was over a half.When did you last write a proper letter to a close friend or family member？Where do you keep your writing paper and envelopes?,If the letter really is disappearing fast，now might be a good time to chew over what we are about to lose. The Effect of Email The coming of email has played much the biggest role in the fate(命运) of the letter.“In the Victorian era，letterwriting was what people did in their spare time，and then they read the letters to each other.In a way，it was the news，as much as anything，”the novelist AS. Byatt says.,There is only one problem：what her trust on computerbased communication will mean for her works.“Ive been talking to the people in the British Library，who are interested in my archive(档案文件)，but its not going to be easy for them，because technology keeps changing，”she says.“Very often，they cant read the computer material theyve collected.At last theyd like to take away a copy of my hard disk.They still love ink on paper.” The Problems Biographers Will Meet,And so we arrive at one of the more worrying results of the change from paper to computers：if emails now note the progress of important lives down，how will future biographers manage? “From that point of view，its a completely disappointing thing，”says the novelist and biographer DJ.Taylor，whose Life of William Makepeace Thackeray used a lot of handwritten letters.“Thackeray always thought that he wasnt much of a letterwriter，but he wrote 15 every morning.In some ways，its the only way that you can follow his life.”,“Long letters between people who know each other well are quite a complicated(复杂的) way of talk，”he says.“The problem is not so much the difference between the letter and the email；the problem is whether anybody is going to keep those forms of communication.If youre a famous writer，and youre sending emails to your friends，are you going to copy them？I dont know.” The Future of Letterwriting,Behind the disappointing statistics(统计数字)，letterwriters can find cause for hope.The simple number of letters may seem to be falling，but there are signs of interest in the world of paper，envelopes，and trips to the post office. Perhaps the best example of all this is the success of the stationery sold by Smythson.“The need for Smythson stationery，”says a company spokeswoman，“shows the fact that in this time of advanced technology，the written word is more celebrated and appreciated than ever before.”,Task：True or False 116 to 19yearold boys never write letters.( ) 2Novelist AS.Byatt has used the computer to write her works.( ) 3Thackeray has to write letters because he doesnt have a computer.( ) Keys：1.F 2.T 3.F,Section Warmup & Lesson 1,速效提能演练,Unit 1,重点难点探究,Section ,预习多维感知,Step One：Ask and Discussion Compared to 20 years ago how do you think technology will change our lives? _ _,预习多维感知,答案：We have more cars and computers which/ that are more and more popular. Go shopping online. Neednt carry cash and use credit cards. Instead of going to the bank you can use a computer and a telephone to pay for bills.,Step Two：Fast Reading Read the text and judge the following statements is true (T) or false (F) 1In spite of the development of computers，it is unlikely to live in virtual reality.( ) 2The text infers to us that worry is necessary and computers and the Internet may do bad to us.( ) 3It is certain that in the future children will not go to school in the classroom like us.( ),4According to the text，it is possible that people live in another world of outer space.( ) 5In virtual reality，you can go to work but neednt go to the place yourself.( ) 6Because of the rapid development of Internet，television and the mail may disappear and are replaced by computers.( ) 答案：16 FTFFTT,Step Three：Careful Reading .Choose the right answers. 1The writer writes this passage in order to_. Ashow us the bright future of cyberspace Btell people the disadvantages of the Net Cbuild up the future picture of the influence of the Net on our life Dmake people know about the advantages of the Net,2We can infer from the passage that_. Acyberspace will affect peoples life greatly Bcommunicating with your friends on the Internet is always secret Cthe Net is sure to have a good effect on peoples life Dthe Net is sure to have a bad influence on peoples life,3Angela Rossetto thinks that_. Aemail will surely replace mail Bmost people think the Net has a bright future Cpeople will book tickets from the Net Dmore and more people will buy what they need on the Net,4The word “chaos” in the second paragraph can be replaced by_. Aan accident Ba disordered situation Ca fire Dan interruption,5The main idea of the last paragraph is_. Apeople can do everything in virtual reality Bcyberspace will play an important role in peoples life Cthe prediction of our life in virtual reality Dpeople can not live without the Net 答案：15 CADBC,.Read the text and fill in the blanks.,答案：1.growth 2.connected 3.continue 4.crime 5Terrorists 6.books 7.information 8.reality 9shop 10.schools,.Main idea of each paragraph. Part 1：_ Part 2：_ Part 3：_ Part 4：_ 答案：Part 1：The Growth of the Internet Part 2：Pessimistic Ideas Towards the Future of Cyberspace Part 3：Optimistic Ideas Towards the Future of Cyberspace Part 4：The Future of Virtual Reality,Step Four：Summary In the latest years，the Internet has grown rapidly. There are around 50 million computers 1._ to the Internet and this growth is clearly going to 2._.People have different opinions about the future.Some 3._experts worry about crime in cyberspace.For example, 4._ get into the computers of banks and governments， terrorists attack the worlds computers，cause,5._and make planes and trains crash. But many people are 6._about the future of the Internet.It is believed that we can see a 7._growth in the Net shopping，and television and mail service may 8._with the 9._use of email.An Australian expert says that 10._reality will become a part of modern life. 答案：1.connected 2.continue 3.pessimistic 4.hackers 5.chaos 6.optimistic 7.huge 8.disappear 9.increasing 10virtual,Step Five：Discussion Read the text and try to answer the following questions. 1Why some experts are pessimistic about the future? _ _ 答案：Because they think in the future，terrorists may “attack” the worlds computers，cause chaos, and make planes and trains crash.,2Why are many people optimistic about the future of the Internet? _ 答案：Because they feel that the Internet can bring us much convenience. 3In virtual reality，what will make you feel as if you are in a real situation? _ 答案：The use of computers with sounds and pictures.,4According to Peter Anderson，do you think he is optimistic about the future of the Internet? _ 答案：Yes，he is.,重点难点探究,1The Day after Tomorrow is a movie about global warming and how it will destroy cities and change the world in the future. 后天是一部关于全球变暖以及它在将来如何破坏城市和改变世界的电影。 destroy vt.破坏，毁坏,品味经典 Nearly ninety percent of the houses in Yushu County，Qinghai Province were destroyed by the big earthquake on April 14th,2010. 青海省玉树县近90%的房屋被2010年4月14日发生的大地震所摧毁了。,自我探究 destroy，damage，ruin (1)destroy只能用作动词，常指彻底破坏，无法修复。也可用于表示希望、计划等破灭。 (2)damage既可作动词，也可作名词。常指人的威信、名声或物品的外观、价值、用途等受到损坏，修理后还可以继续使用。 (3)ruin既可用作动词，也可作名词。其名词复数形式表示废墟。主要强调毁灭的彻底性，即人、物毁坏到不能复原或面目全非的地步。,牛刀小试 (1)(2011年唐山高一检测)More than two hundred people died or were_in the earthquake. Aruined Binjured Cdamaged Ddestroyed 解析：选B。句意为：在这次地震中有两百多人受伤或死亡。injure受伤；ruin，damage和destroy都意为“毁坏”。故选B。,(2)完成句子 如果穿那件衬衫面试，你会断送得到这份工作的机会。 Youll_the chance of the job if you wear that shirt to the interview. 答案：ruin 在事故中受损的那辆车正在修理之中。 The car_in the accident is being repaired.,答案：damaged 在可怕的十五秒钟之内，一座大城市就沦为一片废墟。 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in_. 答案：ruins,2Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives. 彼得泰勒发现计算机和因特网将会怎样影响我们的生活。 (1)find out 找出，发现，查明 品味经典 Please find out when the last train leaves for London. 请查查最后一辆去伦敦的火车何时出发。,Has she found out that you broke the window? 她知道是你打碎窗户的吗？ Ive found the book you want. 我已找到了你想要的那本书。 We found the people there very friendly. 我们发现那儿的人很友好。,Please find out the truth as soon as possible. 请尽快把真相搞清楚。 Have you found out when the conference will be held? 你搞清楚什么时候召开会议了吗？,自我探究 find意为“找到、发现”，通常表示无意找而“发现”，可接复合宾语，通常指找到某个具体的东西或人。find out通常指经过努力去“打听；查清”，不能接复合宾语，通常指查明某个真相，发现某种规律，都是抽象的东西。,(2)affect vt.影响 品味经典 The Internet and computers are going to affect our lives. 互联网和计算机将影响我们的生活。 Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。 Rain affects the grass. 雨水影响草的生长。,We are interested in the weather because it affects us so directly. 我们对天气很感兴趣，因为天气直接影响着我们。 She is easily influenced by her friends. 她很容易受朋友的影响。 My father influenced me to accept the job. 我父亲的影响使我接受了这项工作。,自我探究 在表示对人或事的影响时，affect和influence的意义很相近，故有时候是可以互换的。但是，affect通常指有形的力量造成的物质或生理上的影响；而influence通常指无形的力量所造成的“潜移默化的或持久的影响”或“重要的影响”，尤指感情或态度上的影响。,牛刀小试 (1)_more about university courses，call (920) 7463789. ATo find out BFinding out CFind out DHaving found out 解析：选A。句意为：为了了解更多关于大学课程的内容，拨打(920)7463789。不定式to find out表目的，find out表示“弄清楚，了解”的意思，符合题干意思、语法要求，故本题应选A项。,(2)The climate_the amount of rainfall. Ahave affected Bhave effected Caffected Deffected 解析：选C。climate作主语，是单数意义，故排除A、B两项。affect意为“对有影响”，而effect意为“产生，造成结果”。本句句意为“气候影响雨量”，而不是“气候造成降雨量”，故C项正确。,(3)完成句子 由于吸入了有毒气体，那位消防队员的肺部受到了侵袭。 The firefighters lung_because of breathing in the poisonous gas. 答案：was affected 政府决定立刻使那些新政策生效。 The government decided to_the new policies _at once. 答案：put；into effect,那种药并没有产生效用，他的头痛仍然在继续。 The medicine didnt_and his headache continued. 答案：take effect 我的父亲有着坚强的意志和良好的幽默感，对我有很大的影响。 My father with strong will and good humour_ _me. 答案：has/had much effect on/upon,3 In the future，terrorists may “attack” the worlds computers，cause chaos，and make planes and trains crash. 将来，恐怖分子可能会“攻击”全世界的计算机，制造混乱，引发飞机和火车事故。 (1)attack vt.& vi. (用武力)攻击；进攻；袭击 猛烈抨击；责难 侵害；侵袭 n攻击，袭击 侵袭，发作,品味经典 The police began to attack the robbers trapped in the house under cover of darkness. 警方趁着黑夜开始攻击被围困在房子里的劫匪们。 The famous coach believes that in a match，attack is the best form of defense. 那位著名教练认为在一场比赛中，攻击是最佳的防御。,归纳拓展,(2)cause vt. 使产生；引起 (接双宾语)给带来 n原因，起因 品味经典 The heavy rain caused the river to rise，which brought inconvenience to the people living along the river. 大雨引起河水上涨，这给沿河居住的人们带来了不便。,The news that his daughter was sent to hospital caused him much anxiety. 他女儿被送往医院就医的消息使他非常焦虑。 The disorder of the American Wall Streets finance is considered to be the cause of the 2009 global financial crisis. 美国华尔街的金融紊乱被认为是2009年全球金融危机的起因。,自我探究 cause，reason，excuse (1)cause是造成一种事实或现象的“原因，起因。” (2)reason是说明一种看法或行为的“理由”。 (3)excuse是为某事而找的“借口，辩解”。 Carelessness is the usual cause of fire. 火灾往往是由于粗心引起的。 You must tell him the reason why you wont accept his invitation. 你必须告诉他你不接受他邀请的原因。,牛刀小试 (1)Frank has been_for ignoring his collegues and responsibility he should take. Aattacking Battracting Cattacked Dattracted 解析：选C。句意为：弗兰克因为漠视同事，忽视自己所应承担的责任而受到责难。attack除了表示“攻击，进攻”讲，还表示“抨击，责难”。根据句意可知弗兰克与“抨击，责难”之间存在被动关系。attract吸引，不符合句意，故本题应选C项。,(2)At dawn the army_the town and finally captured it. Aattacked Battained Cattracted Dattached 解析：选A。本题考查词义辨析。句意为：黎明时分军队向那座城镇发起攻击，并且最终占领了那座城镇。attack表示“攻击，抨击”；attain表示“得到，获得”；attract表示“吸引”；attach表示“缚，系，固定在之上”。,(3)According to the research，heavy coffee drinking and heart attack are not necessarily_and effect. Areason Bimpact Cfact Dcause 解析：选D。句意为：根据研究表明，饮用浓咖啡与心脏病不是必然的因果关系。cause and effect表示起因与结果(作用、影响)，故应选D项。,(4)Im sorry I stepped outside for a smoke.I was very tired. There is no_for this while you are on duty. Areason Bexcuse Ccause Dexplanation 解析：选B。句意为：对不起，我出去吸烟了。我非常疲惫。在值班的时候你没有任何借口去做这件事。excuse表示“借口，托辞”，符合句意。,4 However，many people are optimistic about the future of the Internet. 但是，很多人对因特网的未来还是持乐观态度的。 optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的,品味经典 All the party members were optimistic when they were striving against enemies for a new social country in the hard times. 所有的党员在困难时期为争取建立一个新的社会主义国家与敌人作斗争时都是很乐观的。,自我探究 be optimistic about对乐观的 optimist n乐观论者，乐观主义者 optimism n乐观(论)，乐观主义 optimistically adv.乐观地 pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的,牛刀小试 (1)The situation is_we have no food，very little water and no medical supplies. Adesperate Badventurous Cdeserted Doptimistic 解析：选A。句意：形势太令人绝望了我们没有食物，几乎没有水，也没有药物。desperate绝望的；adventurous爱冒险的；deserted荒芜的，被遗弃的；optimistic乐观的，故选A。,(2)He is_about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year. Aoptimistic Boptional Coutstanding Dobvious 解析：选A。句意：他对明年在奥运会上能有机会获得金牌很乐观。optimistic乐观的；optional可选择的；outstanding杰出的；obvious明显的。be optimistic about意为“对感到乐观”，故选A。,5 Already，users can buy books，find out about holiday offers，book tickets，and get all sorts of information from the Internet. 用户已经可以在网上购书，查找假日特惠，预订票务，并且获取各种各样的信息。 offer vt.主动提出，出价 vi.(机会等) 出现；献祭；提议 n提议，提供 出价，报价,品味经典 The museum offers extensive facilities for study. 这个博物馆提供了许多以供研究的设备。 I dont need any help，but it was kind of you to offer. 我不需要任何帮助，但是你愿意提供帮助，我很感激。 If he makes you a good offer，dont refuse it. 如果他向你提出一个好建议，你不要拒绝。 Ive had an offer of 2,500 for the car. 有人向我们出价2,500英镑买这辆汽车。,自我探究 offer，provide，supply (1)offer指行为者主动慷慨地“提出给予”或“提出帮助、服务”，表示友善行为，可加双宾语。 (2)provide往往意味着“免费供给”，而supply一般不含此意。这两个词都不能跟双宾语，而要与with连用，以说明所提供的物品。 (3)表示“为某人提供某物”的结构有：offer sb.sth.; provide/supply sb.with sth.；supply sth.for/to sb.；provide sth.for sb.。,牛刀小试 (1)After I waited for a very long time，the manager made a phone call to me yesterday_me a good job at last. Agiving Bproviding Csupplying Doffering 解析：选D。句意：等了很久，昨天经理终于给我打电话向我提供了一份好工作。选项B和C均不能与双宾语连用，但可以形成provide/supply sb.with sth.的结构；give和offer后面可跟双宾语，但意义不同, give包含给予和接受的全过程，而offer只指提供，不涉及接受的问题，故选D。,(2)Do you have any problems if you_this job? Well，Im thinking about the salary. Aoffer Bwill offer Care offered Dwill be offered 解析：选C。本题考查时态和语态。此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。,(3)If you like，I can do some shopping for you. Thats a very kind_. Aoffer Bservice Cpoint Dadvice 解析：选A。本题考查名词的用法。offer意为“提议”。根据句意，故选A。,6.，“it is clear that we are going to see a huge growth in shopping on the Internet.” ，“显然，我们将会看到网上购物的巨大增长。” 此句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。主语从句放在句首往往显得句子头重脚轻，因此为了使句子得以平衡，通常借助于it作形式主语，而把真正的主语移到句末。,品味经典 It worried her a lot that her hair was going grey. 她的头发开始变得灰白，这使她非常担忧。 It is known to all that money cant grow on the tree. 众所周知，钱不能长在树上。 It is a pity that he cant attend the party. 真遗憾，他不能参加聚会。,自我探究 主语从句如果是用what，whatever，whoever等引导的，则不能用it作形式主语。 What he said interested me greatly. 他所说的使我很感兴趣。 Whoever is tired may rest. 谁累了都可以休息一下。,牛刀小试 (1)_is funny that I watch myself on TV. AOne BThis CIt DThat 解析：选C。本题考查代词的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语，此处应用It作形式主语，故C正确,(2)_is said that he has got married. AAs BThat CThis DIt 解析：选D。根据句子结构，that引导的从句为主语从句，作真正的主语，此处应用It作形式主语，故选D。,7 Some experts see our future in virtual realitythe use of computers with sounds and pictures that make you feel as if you are in a real situation. 有些专家看到虚拟现实中我们的未来运用计算机的声音和视觉效果，使你感觉就好像在现实中一样。,品味经典 She looks as if she is going to cry. 她看起来似乎要哭了。 She talks to me as if she were my sister. 她就好像我姐姐似的跟我说话。 He stood up as if he wanted to leave. 他站起来似乎要离开。 He behaved as if nothing had happened. 他表现得若无其事。 It sounds as though you had a good time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。,自我探究 as if似乎，好像，仿佛，相当于as though。as if/ though作为连词，既可以引导方式状语从句，也可以引导表语从句。描述非现实的情况时，在as if/though从句中，以用假设的过去时或过去完成时为原则，系动词be常用were或had been。as if/ though从句若表达实际情况，则不用虚拟语气。,牛刀小试 (1)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if_whether he was going in the right direction. Asee Bhaving seen Chave seen Dto see 解析：选D。本题考查as if引导的表语从句中的省略用法。此句中从句与主句的主语一致，从句中主语及动词be可省略。句意为“我们跟踪的那个男人突然停下来,看上去好像是在判断是否走对了方向。”由题意可知，他停下来的目的好像是为了辨别是否走对了方向，所以用动词不定式，故选D。,(2)(2010年高考安徽卷)The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _they have the interest. Awherever Bwhenever Ceven if Das if 解析：选C。句意：这些工程师太忙了，他们没有时间进行户外运动，即使他们有这方面的爱好。even if即使，符合句意。,(3)How did you find the leader of the Youth League? Well，she talks_she herself were an expert on the teenagers. Aas if Beven though Ceven if Dso that 解析：选A。as if好像；even though/even if即使；so that为了，以便。,The Future of Cyberspace Peter Taylor finds out how computers and the Internet are going to affect our lives. In the last thirty years，the Internet has grown rapidly.In 1983，there were only 200 computers connected to the Internet；now there are around 50 million and this growth is clearly going to continue.,Some experts are pessimistic about the future.One worry is crime in cyberspace.Even now，young hackers can get into the computers of banks and governments.In the fu