新视角研究生英语读说写2课习题题目及翻译.doc

Unit 1Part Acommit stride impersonality minimum economical trigger enrollment original scarce shrink relieve sequence 1.His heart attack was _ _ by the physical and emotional pressures suffered under interrogation. 2.We are all under the illusion that the country is doing well _ _ , but in fact it is in serious difficulty. 3.He couldnt join the police because he was below the _ _ height allowed by the rule.4.We hope to see stronger _ _ from the world community for international working together in the fight to protect our common natural surroundings5.The professor felt grateful and _ _ that the debate hadnt degenerated into something absurd and degrading6.Tiger populations have stopped _ _, and working to protect them is now a way of life in nations where they roam.7.Our efforts result in a great rise in _ _ in our universities, coupled with a radical shift in higher education from the private to the public sector 8.It was such a funny and wonderful show; I could _ _ keep from laughing with delight.9.Details are often organized according to time _ _ or from one place to another. These are two very important means of descriptive writing. 10.Many how-to books advise you to _ _ into a room and impress others with your qualities. Part B1.Even without knowing all the details, the reader can often be able to predict the general direction the author is going to. A. anticipate B. expect C. capture D. nurture2.In the Chinese household, grandparents and other relatives play vital roles in raising children. A. intolerable B. impassioned C. intellectual D. indispensable3.Eat these foods with plentiful Vitamin C, for example, drink orange juice with cereal (谷类食品) or put a tomato on a sandwich, to increase the amount of iron absorbed. A. intensifyB. enhanceC. strengthenD. reinforce4.Believing that he was fully qualified, he submitted his application instantly, but a week later he was crushed to learn that it had been turned down. A. ultimatelyB. hesitantlyC. promptlyD. attentively5. The rule for the competition is somewhat vague. I cant get it and I require an explanation.A. distinct B. obscureC. clumsyD. imaginary6.The diseases thrive in conditions where freshwater is insufficient and sanitation is poor. A. scarceB. plentifulC. fruitful D. inexhaustible7.After the scandal, public confidence in the economic recovery has fallen dramatically, according to a post-election survey. A. gradually B. frequently C. surprisinglyD. analytically8. The tutorial system is considered so important at Oxford and Cambridge that students are not even forced to attend general lectures. A. compelled B. insulated C. memorized D. challenged 9.They must know how to keep and make use of and when necessary abandon the old and outdated conventional rules. A. skim B. clarify C. discard D. insulate 10. They believe that identity theft is caused by issuing too many instant credit cards, deficient checking of identity, and too few legal protections for consumers personal information. A. sufficient B. overdue C. naive D. inadequate Translation1. The professor might probably have delivered his lecture to the empty classroom in the absence of his solitary student.2. The present educational system has been under attack from the public, who have begun to realize the harm the system has done to students.3. The professor told those seniors that he would take attendance every time because attendance at this course was compulsory.4. Id love to go to your housewarming party, but Im sorry I cant make it because Ive got a stack of things to do. 5. Youths who dropped out of middle school can resume their studies at night school or through television and correspondence courses. 6. She didnt like the famous writers lecture, but she stuck it out to get the writers autograph after the lecture. 7. I was disappointed at the impersonality of the lecture system, but eventually I grew resigned to the system and waited patiently to become a junior. 8. We have to admit that the lecture system insulates a teacher from students naive questions, which could have triggered a line of useful thought. 9. I dont agree with those critics opinions. Your conclusions are far from worthless; they make a good deal of sense to me. 10. For the sake of the students, they should be told on the first class about the objective and content of the course and the requirements to pass the course. 英译汉1. 听讲课存在的一个问题是：会听是很难的事。阅读课本中的相同内容是更有效的学习方法，因为学生可以根据其需要慢慢阅读直到他们理解这些内容。 2. 有时甚至仅仅做到专心听讲都很难。人们可以以每分钟400-600个字的速度听，而最富有激情的教授说话的速度也很难达到这个速度的1/3。讲话和理解之间的时间差导致开小差。3. 很多学生认为多年来看电视已经削弱了他们保持注意力的能力。但是他们真正的问题是专心听课比他们认为的要难得多。 讲课这一方式不会完全从大学消失。一是因为讲课似乎从经济上是必需的，二是讲课起源于悠久的传统，而且人们又把传统本身看得很重。但是，讲课通常出现在学生接受教育生涯的错误的那一端在大学的第一和第二年，那时他们最需要密切的、甚至是针对个体需要的指导。如果讲课这一形式局限于三、四年级的学生，则对学生的兴趣和热情的破坏力会比目前的制度小得多，因为三、四年级的学生不太需要学科上的指导与帮助，而且更有能力自己制定学习计划。毕竟，学生在能够从听讲课中学到知识之前必须先要学会去听。 Unit 4Vocabulary Part Ashun envision outsource assimilate margin institutional burgeon telecommute encompass prowess forgo strive1.The Our company is one of the leading manufacturers of commercial and kitchen equipment, such as ovens, freezers, refrigerators, blenders, etc.2.An annual increase of 1.3% in food production is necessary at the present time to feed the human population, assuming present diets remain invariant.3.You can the joy of your beloved ones when they receive the DVD shows made by your own hands as a special gift.4.This book depicts the cultural history of race and the complicated relationship between and mainstream culture in early twentieth-century America.5.These sorts of jobs are available between late May and late August and often a wide range of work.6.There is currently a trend for companies to much of their IT to third-parties, in some cases to overseas third-parties.7.In ancient China, women would compete to show off their _ in needlecraft on Qixi, the most important way of celebrating the festival.8.Morgan _ publicity of any kind, and never permitted signs bearing her name at construction sites.9.Immigrants need time to overcome difficulties when they are _ into new cultures.10.Electronics chain stores are sometimes willing to _profits for a period of time in order to gain market share.Part B1._ leaders are those courageous individuals who throughout history have refused to accept the status quo.A. Scornful B. Visionary C. ImpersonalD. Respectful2.The thick soap wont foam properly, so it is necessary and economical to _ it with water.A. pierceB. dip C. dilute D. balance3.Ive been on suspension for over 2 weeks because I stood up to a rude, _ boss.A. arrogant B. disloyal C. corporateD. uncommitted4.The successful candidates are all creative in solving problems and _ at learning new technologies and skills.A. capable B. marginal C. adequate D. adept5.She _ as she talked about the messy young boys who had drunk up all her milk and eaten up all her chocolates.A. bristledB. disdainedC. downsizedD. shunned6.Not only does he have one of those distinctive radio voices that sets him apart, he also brings a fun and a slightly _ attitude to his show.A. irrelevantB. irreverent C. burgeoningD. mentoring7._ assets comprise items such as land, buildings, plants, machinery, fixtures and fittings, IT equipment and vehicles.A. Diverse B. Massive C. Classical D. Tangible8.These few old-style wooden shops are soon to be demolished. With them will go the last _ of the towns original look.A. prowess B. moniker C. vestige D. portfolio9.Our way to stay ahead of the competition is by continually creating _ products and services while building new value in existing product lines.A. unmanageable B. deliverableC. innovativeD. institutional10.He always smiled and never had a negative comment about anyone or a _ remark about any situation.A. cynical B. skeptical C. hierarchical D. prototypicalTranslation1. Having practiced for about 5 years,he is now adept at legal issues relating to international investment and trade.2. According to a survey, Gen Xers are skeptical about relying on Social Security when they retire. They began saving for retirement early compared with their predecessors.3. All the cares and stresses of your day seem to fade away under the relaxing and comfortable treatment of foot massage.4. Studies show that most employees place a high value on being recognized or being complemented for a job well done.5. Emergency rooms were clogged with patients who came for treatment of relatively routine medical problems because they didnt have a regular doctor.6. Anyone trying to coach or help a new technical manager make the transition to a leadership role can get useful ideas from this book.7. Most of the time when you take a short cut for completing a project you will end up doing some repair work later that will take double the time you saved by the short cut.8. Employees who fail to set appropriate boundaries between their personal and professional lives will not be able to understand the meaning of life and work.9. The purpose of the exercise was to train staff to react in a disciplined and professional manner when in the presence of danger.10. Most Gen Xers have the desire to forgo career advancement for more time with their wife and children, especially in the early years of their childrens lives.英译汉1. 然而，X一代人目睹了他们的父母为了职业晋升而做出牺牲，结果却遭遇了美国公司的大量裁员。2. 这些不同的观点视角常常导致工作中的冲突。他们彼此都易于把对方概念化。3. X一代人认为自己没有理由要尽职苦干，因为他们能把工作做得又好又快，而且仍有时间来休闲和陪伴家人。4. 有人会说唯一的解决办法是通过司法体系，因为随着婴儿潮时期的人不断变老，与年龄歧视有关的诉讼可能会增加。5. 但是，历史就是如此循还往复 随着婴儿潮时期出生的人开始退休，X一代开始掌权，Y一代开始步入社会。Unit 5Vocabularynorm avail setback reinforce parenting longevity offset subsidy downside reproduce constraint compensate1. The fate of the giant panda is a worldwide concern. It is hoped that sophisticated _ technology can help prevent it from extinction.2.A rising number of school age children are seeking medical help for varied psychological problems resulting mainly from improper _- such as excessive care and intervention, indifference or physical punishment.3.Due to selling pressure from speculators as well as public investors, today technology stocks suffered another sharp _ on the Bombay Stock Exchange.4. A firm which dismisses an employee on the grounds of redundancy is obliged to_ him for loss of employment.5.According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, China will soon establish in the countryside, as it has already done in urban areas, the system to give minimum living _ to the poorest people.6.Rugao is recognized for the _ of its residents. Experts from home and abroad are trying to figure out what makes people live longer in that region with rapid economic growth. 7.Many Chinese cities will raise taxi fares by 25 percent to _ an increase in fuel costs.8.Many multinationals have set up business headquarters in Shanghai, hoping to _ themselves of the citys comprehensive advantages in geography, investment environment and human resources .9.Beijing Municipal Education Committee set new regulations on behavioral_ of primary and middle school students, introducing modern ethics and doing away with outdated content such as “fight criminals courageously.”10.Corruption and unreliable electricity supply are listed as major _ on the business operation and growth of firms in South Asia, said a World Bank survey report.Part B1.Delegates from 27 news agencies declared commitment to holding steadfastly to the ethics and basic principles of the journalistic profession.A. tenets B. origins C. talents D. values2.Because of the SARS crisis, there was a temporary decrease in the number of Chinese tourists abroad.A. sacrifice B. scarcity C. deduction D. diminution3.The Presidents visit to Cuba was expected to add new push to bilateral cooperation of the two countries in economic, political and other fields.A. impactB. impulse C. advance D. advantage4.Financial constraints and the selfish values of the younger generation probably constitute major factors for the steady decline in Canadas fertility rate.A. alternatively B. eventually C. presumably D. virtually5.Fuelled by wider opening of the automobile industry to the outside world, and rising wealth of local people, Chinas car market will boom in the coming years.A. affluence B. allowanceC. priority D. property6.The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) called for forging a common understanding among its member countries and making more effective efforts in combating transnational crime in the region.A. endeavors B. fulfillmentsC. investments D. proposals7. Pakistan must control high population growth rate and relieve the heavy pressure exerted by large population on the economic development.A.conform B.curtail C.suspend D.manipulate8.Chinas rapid economic development has been helpful in promoting global economic growth and brought important opportunities for development in Latin American countries.A.dominant B.auxiliary C.functional D.instrumental9.The financial minister has already altered several of the proposals in the economic plan to consider demands of special interest groups.A.adapt B.adjust C.accommodate D.acknowledge10.Chinese Finance Minister said that China will eliminate all agricultural taxes, putting an end to a levy that has burdened Chinas farmers for 2,600 years.A.exhaustB.expire C.scrap D.eraseTranslation1. It is considered desirable for young people to get married and settle down only after they are established in their jobs.2. Her husband is a very domestic person, spending a lot of time everyday in cooking, cleaning and caring for their three school-age children.3. Todays young people have completely different values and expectations from their parents, giving higher priority to personal pleasure over family obligations.4. From societys viewpoint, it does not make sense for women, much less well educated women, to be full-time homemakers for a lifetime.5. Singles in their twenties see cohabitation as a way to investigate a prospective partners character and habits before marriage. But premarital cohabitation has proven to be associated with a higher divorce risk.6. In the interest of child welfare, government should institute policies to provide part-time, temporary and flextime job opportunities and paid parental leave for parents.7. With an eye toward forming strong and lasting marital unions, couples should make allowances for each other, when there is friction between them.8. Given the high divorce rate, married mothers leave the labor market for an extended period of time at their own peril they will suffer severe economic loss if their marriage ends in divorce.9. The bond between child and parent is a very special one. Money can not make up for the sacrifices parents have made for their children.10. Increasing gender equality in the work force provides women historically unprecedented opportunities for personal fulfillment in their careers.英译汉1. 男人挣钱养家、女人生儿育女是有史以来天经地义的社会生活模式，虽然这种模式并不总如过去一个半世纪现代社会中表现得那样极端。2. 也许除了在没有年幼儿童的成人伴侣中可以进行很多社会实验，认为核心家庭可以或者应该被完全抛弃是极其鲁莽的。3. 当孩子成为综合考虑因素的一部分时，基本的生理和社会限制就开始发挥作用比如母亲对幼小儿童的重要性如果抛弃核心家庭的中心元素，社会将会承担极大的风险。4. 与其努力同时承担男性挣钱养家和女性生儿育女的双重责任，并为自己不能达到目的而不断地感到失望和不安，不如我们更坦然地承认、考虑、并欣赏不同性别的截然不同的需求、性兴趣、价值观和目标，这样我们会做得更好。5. 与其不分男女都追求“具有男性偏向的自由”，我们应该做更多的工作来促进一种社会文化：给予注重家庭亲情关系和养育子女的传统女性价值观更多的重视和尊重。6. 因此，如果要推进社会以及个人的利益，经过改良的传统婚姻性别角色是必要的。Unit 6mania deplore crave subdue workaholic pervade overwhelm one-upmanship hereditary requisite extravagant aristocracy1. The United Nations firmly _ the violent bomb attack launched by terrorists which killed 23 civilians.2. As more and more people prefer environmentally friendly cars, houses, food, household appliances and tourism, the use of “green” products _ in China like a “greenwave.”3. To spur employee productivity and improve efficiency is not an option but a_ for companies committed to growth in the fast-changing new economy.4. Many _ work long hours with little rest, but researchers have found a short afternoon nap at work can significantly improve workers alertness and productivity.5. Due to the falling percentage of couples getting premarital medical check-ups, the number of _and infectious diseases among infants is rising.6. Economizing on water use is the best way to protect water resources, but _ use of water is common along the Yangtze as many people hold that the river water is so abundant that they do not need to save water at all.7. In the times of great changes in the global situation, what people _ for is peace and economic prosperity.8. Cartoon _ is sweeping the country as bookstores are packed with Japanes and Korean comic books.9. The systematic and conscious practice of making ones friends or competitors feel inferior and thereby gaining the status of being “one jump ahead” of them is called _10. China and the United States cooperate in safeguarding world