化工管路设计-金属法兰与垫片.doc

5 金属法兰与连接件5.1 法兰选用依据5.1.1 法兰选用5.1.1.1 法兰选用原则（GB 50316-2000） （1）标准法兰的公称压力的确定，应符合GB50316-2000第3.2.1.1款的规定。（2）当采用非标准法兰时，必须按本规范的规定进行耐压强度计算。（3）下列任一种情况的管道，应采用对焊法兰。不应采用平焊（滑套）法兰。 预计有频繁的大幅度温度循环条件下的管道； 剧烈循环条件下的管道。（4）在刚性大，不便于拆装或公称直径大于或等于400mm的管道上设盲板时，宜在法兰上设顶开螺栓（顶丝）。（5）配用非金属垫片的法兰，法兰密封面的粗糙度宜为3.26.4m。对于配用缠绕式垫片的法兰，应配光滑的密封面，粗糙度宜为1.63.2m，并应采用公称压力大于或等于2.0MPa的法兰。（6）当金属法兰和非金属法兰连接或采用脆性材料的法兰时，两者宜为全平面（FF）型法兰。当必须采用（RF）型法兰时，应有防止螺栓过载而损坏法兰的措施。（7）有频繁大幅度温度循环的情况下，承插焊法兰和螺纹法兰不宜高于260及低于-45。5.1.1.2 法兰形式选用（表5.1-1）表5.1-1 法兰形式选用介质或用途管道的公称压力/MPa法兰的公称压力/MPa法兰形式密封面代号水、空气、PN0.3 MPa 低压蒸汽等公用工程0.61.00.61.0板式平焊法兰RF真空绝压8kPa(60mmHg)1.0带颈平焊法兰RF绝压0.18kPa(160mmHg)1.6带颈平焊法兰RF工艺介质、蒸汽1.01.62.51.01.62.5带颈平焊法兰RF工艺介质、蒸汽4.06.310.04.06.310.0带颈对焊法兰凹面FM凸面M一般易燃、易爆、中度危害（有毒）介质1.01.62.51.01.62.5带颈对焊法兰RF4.06.310.04.06.310.0带颈对焊法兰RF凹面FM凸面M不锈钢管道用0.61.01.62.50.61.01.62.5对焊环松套法兰（PJ/SE）RF5.1.1.3 钢制管法兰用材料（HG/T 20592-2009）（表5.1-2）表5.1-2 钢制管法兰用材料类别号类别钢板锻件铸件材料牌号标准编号材料牌号标准编号材料牌号标准编号1C1碳素钢A10516Mn16MnDGB/T 12228JB 4726JB4727WCBGB/T 122291C2碳素钢Q345RGB 713WCCLC3、LCCGB/T 12229JB/T72481C3碳素钢16MnDRGB 353108Ni3D25JB/4727GB/T 12228LCBJB/T 72481C4碳素钢Q235A、Q235B20Q245R09MnNiDRGB 3274(GB 700)GB 711GB 713GB 35312009MnNiDJB 4726JB 4727WCAGB/T 122291C9铬钼钢(11.25Cr-0.5Mo)14Cr1MoR15CrMoRGB 713GB 71314Cr1Mo15CrMoJB 4726JB 4726WC6JB/T 52631C10铬钼钢(2.25Cr-1Mo)12Cr2Mo1RGB 71312Cr2Mo1JB 4726WC9JB/T 52631C13铬钼钢(5Cr-0.5Mo)15CrMoJB 4726ZG16Cr5MoGGB/T 162531C14铬钼钢(9Cr-1Mo-V)C12AJB/T 52632C13040Cr18Ni9GB 42370Cr18Ni9JB 4728CF3/CF8GB/T 122302C23160Cr17Ni12Mo2GB 4237Cr17Ni12Mo2JB 4728CF3M/CF8MGB/T 122302C3304L316L00Cr19Ni1000Cr17Ni14Mo2GB 4237GB 423700Cr19Ni1000Cr17Ni14Mo2JB 47282C43210Cr18Ni10TiGB 42370Cr18Ni10TiJB 47282C53470Cr18Ni11NbGB 423712E0CF8CCF8CGB/T 12230注：1管法兰材料一般应采用锻制，不推荐用钢板或型钢制造，钢板仅可用于法兰盖、衬里法兰盖、板式平焊法兰、对焊环松套法兰和平焊环松套法兰。2表列铸件仅适用于整体法兰。3管法兰用对焊环可采用锻件或钢管仅制造（包括焊接）。5.1.1.4 法兰钢印标志（HG/T 20592-2009）（表5.1-3表5.1-5）表5.1-3 法兰类型代号法兰类型法兰类型代号板式平焊法兰PL带颈平焊法兰SO带颈对焊法兰WN整体法兰IF承插焊法兰SW螺纹法兰Th对焊环松套法兰PJ/SE平焊环松套法兰PJ/RJ法兰盖BL衬里法兰盖BL（S）螺纹法兰采用按GB 7306规定的锥管螺纹时，标记为“Th(Rc)”或“Th(Rp)”。螺纹法兰采用按GB/T 12716规定的锥管螺纹时，标记为“Th(NPT)”。螺纹法兰如未标记螺纹代号，则为Rp。表5.1-4 密封面标志代号密封面型式突面凸面凹面榫面槽面全平面环连接面代号RFMFMTGFFRJ表5.1-5 材料代号钢号Q235A/Q235B20/Q245R25A10509Mn2VR09MnNiD16Mn/Q345R代号Q2025A10509MnD09NiD16Mn钢号16MnD16MnDR09MnNiD09MnNiDR14Cr1Mo14Cr1MoR15CrMo15CrMoR12Cr2Mo112Cr2Mo1R1Cr5Mo9Cr-1Mo-V代号16MnD09MnNiD14CM15CMC2MC5MC9MV钢号08Ni3D0Cr18Ni900Cr19Ni100Cr18Ni10Ti0Cr17Ni12Mo200Cr17Ni14Mo20Cr18Ni1Nb代号3.5Ni304304L321316316L3475.1.1.5 温度-压力等级（HG/T 205922009）（表5.1-6表5.1-14） 表5.1-6 PN2.5钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C12.52.52.52.42.32.22.02.01.91.61.40.90.60.41C22.52.52.52.52.52.52.32.22.11.61.40.90.60.41C32.52.52.42.32.32.12.01.91.81.51.30.90.60.41C42.32.22.02.01.91.81.71.61.61.41.20.90.60.41C92.52.52.52.52.52.52.42.32.32.22.22.11.71.21.00.90.80.70.60.40.21C102.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.42.32.31.81.41.21.10.90.80.70.50.31C132.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.42.42.42.21.51.00.90.80.90.60.50.40.31C142.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.52.11.41.21.10.70.80.70.50.32C12.32.21.81.71.61.51.41.31.31.31.21.21.21.21.21.21.21.11.11.00.82C22.32.21.91.71.61.51.41.41.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.31.21.20.92C31.91.81.61.41.41.21.11.11.01.01.01.02C42.32.22.02.01.91.71.61.51.51.41.41.41.41.41.41.31.31.31.31.20.92C52.32.22.02.01.91.81.71.61.61.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.51.41.20.912E02.32.12.02.01.81.71.61.51.41.41.41.31.31.0 表5.1-7 PN6钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C16.06.06.05.85.65.45.04.74.64.03.32.31.51.01C26.06.06.06.06.06.05.55.35.14.03.32.31.51.01C36.06.05.85.75.55.54.84.64.53.83.12.31.51.01C45.55.45.04.84.74.74.14.03.93.53.02.21.51.01C96.06.06.06.06.06.05.85.65.55.45.35.14.12.92.52.21.91.61.41.00.71C106.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.05.95.85.74.33.33.02.72.32.01.71.20.81C136.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.05.95.85.65.43.62.42.21.91.71.51.41.00.71C146.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.06.05.23.53.02.62.31.91.71.20.82C15.55.34.54.13.83.83.43.23.23.13.03.02.92.92.92.92.82.82.72.41.92C25.55.34.64.23.93.93.53.33.33.33.23.23.13.13.13.13.13.13.12.82.32C34.64.43.83.43.13.12.82.62.62.52.52.42C45.55.34.94.54.24.23.73.63.53.53.43.43.33.33.33.33.33.33.22.92.32C55.55.45.04.74.44.43.93.83.73.73.73.73.73.73.73.63.63.63.53.02.312E05.35.14.74.44.14.13.63.53.33.33.23.12.3 表5.1-8 PN10 钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C11010109.79.49.08.37.97.76.75.53.82.61.71C21010101010109.38.88.56.75.53.82.61.71C310109.79.49.28.78.17.77.56.35.33.82.61.71C49.19.08.38.17.97.56.96.66.55.95.03.82.61.71C91010101010109.79.49.29.08.88.66.84.94.23.73.22.82.41.71.11C101010101010101010109.99.79.57.35.55.04.43.93.42.92.01.31C1310101010101010109.99.79.49.16.04.13.63.32.92.62.31.71.21C141010101010101010101010108.75.95.04.43.83.32.92.01.42C19.18.87.56.86.36.05.65.45.45.25.15.04.94.94.84.84.84.74.64.03.22C29.18.97.87.16.66.15.85.65.55.45.45.35.35.25.25.25.25.15.14.73.82C37.67.46.35.75.34.94.64.44.34.24.24.12C49.18.98.17.57.06.66.36.05.95.85.75.75.65.65.55.55.55.55.44.93.92C59.19.08.37.87.36.96.66.46.36.26.26.26.16.16.16.16.16.05.85.03.812E08.98.47.87.36.96.46.05.85.65.45.35.13.8 表5.1-9 PN16钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C116.016.016.015.615.114.413.412.812.410.88.96.24.22.71C216.016.016.016.016.016.014.914.213.710.88.96.24.22.71C316.016.015.615.214.714.013.012.412.110.18.46.14.22.71C414.714.413.413.012.612.011.210.710.59.48.06.04.22.71C916.016.016.016.016.016.015.515.014.814.514.113.811.07.96.86.05.24.53.92.71.81C1016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.015.915.615.311.78.98.07.16.25.44.73.22.11C1316.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.015.915.615.114.69.66.65.85.34.74.13.72.71.91C1416.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.016.014.09.48.07.16.15.34.63.22.22C114.714.212.111.010.29.69.08.78.68.48.28.17.97.87.77.77.67.57.36.45.22C214.714.312.511.410.69.89.39.08.88.78.68.58.58.48.38.38.38.38.27.66.12C312.311.810.29.28.57.97.47.16.96.86.76.52C414.714.413.112.111.310.710.19.79.49.39.29.19.08.98.98.88.88.88.77.96.32C514.714.413.412.511.811210.610.210.110.09.99.99.89.89.89.89.89.79.48.16.112E014.213.512.511.711.010.39.79.28.98.78.58.26.1 表5.1-10 PN25钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C125.025.025.024.423.722.520.920.019.416.914.09.76.542.1C225.025.025.025.025.025.023.322.221.416.914.09.76.54.21C325.025.024.423.723.021.920.419.418.815.913.39.66.54.21C423.022.520.920.419.718.817.516.716.514.812.69.56.54.21C925.025.025.025.025.025.024.323.523.122.722.121.517.112.510.79.48.27.06.14.22.91C1025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.024.824.423.918.314.012.611.29.88.57.45.13.31C1325.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.024.924.323.622.815.110.49.18.27.36.55.84.33.01C1425.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.025.021.914.812.611.29.68.27.25.03.42C123.022.118.917.216.015.014.213.713.513.212.912.712.512.312.212.112.011.911.510.18.22C223.022.319.517.816.515.514.614.113.813.613.513.413.313.213.113.113.013.012.912.09.62C319.218.516.014.513.312.411.711.110.910.710.510.32C423.022.520.419.017.716.715.815.214.814.614.414.314.114.013.913.913.813.813.612.49.82C523.022.620.919.618.417.416.616.015.815.715.615.515.415.415.415.415.315.214.712.79.612E022.221.119.618.317.216.115.114.413.913.613.212.89.6 表5.1-11 PN40钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C140.040.040.039.137.936.033.531.931.127.022.415.610.56.81C240.040.040.040.040.040.037.235.634.227.022.415.610.56.81C340.040.039.038.036.935.132.631.130.125.421.215.410.56.81C436.836.133.532.631.630.127.926.726.323.720.115.210.56.81C940.040.040.040.040.040.038.937.636.936.235.434.527.419.917.115.113.111.39.86.84.71C1040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.039.739.038.329.222.320.218.015.713.612.08.15.31C1340.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.039.838.937.836.424.116.614.713.311.810.49.36.94.81C1440.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.035.023.720.217.815.513.311.78.15.52C136.835.430.327.525.524.122.721.921.621.220.620.319.919.619.519.419.219.018.416.213.12C236.835.631.328.526.424.723.422.622.121.821.621.421.221.021.020.920.820.820.719.115.52C330.629.625.523.121.219.818.717.817.517.116.816.52C436.835.932.730.328.426.725.324.223.723.423.122.822.622.422.322.222.122.021.819.915.82C536.836.133.431.329.527.926.625.625.225.124.924.824.724.624.624.624.624.323.520.415.412E035.633.831.329.327.625.824.223122.221.721.220.415.3 表5.1-12 PN63钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C163.063.063.061.559.656.852.750.349.042.535.224.516.610.81C263.063.063.063.063.063.058.756.053.842.535.224.516.610.81C363.063.061.459.858.155.251.348.947.540.033.424.316.610.81C457.956.852.751.349.847.444.042.141.537.431.724.016.610.81C963.063.063.063.063.063.061.259.258.157.155.754.343.231.426.923.820.717.815.610.87.41C1063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.062.561.560.346.035.231.928.324.821.418.812.98.41C1363.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.062.761.359.657.337.926.123.220.918.616.414.810.97.61C1463.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.063.055.137.331.928.124.320.918.412.88.72C157.955.847.743.440.237.935.834.534.033.332.531.931.430.930.730.530.329.929.025.520.72C257.956.149.244.941.638.936.935.534.934.434.033.733.533.233.032.932.832.732.630.224.42C348.346.640.236.433.531.129.528.127.527.026.526.02C457.956.651.447.844.742.039.838.237.436.836.336.035.635.335.135.034.934.734.431.324.82C557.956.852.649.446.443.941.940.339.739.639.239.038.938.838.838.738.738.337.032.124.312E056.055.249.346.243.440.638.136.435.034.233.332.224.1 表5.1-13 PN100钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C110010010097.794.790.183.679.877.867.555.938.926.317.11C210010010010010010093.188.985.467.555.938.926.317.11C310010097.494.992.287.681.477.775.363.453.138.526.317.11C491.990.283.781.579.075.269.866.865.859.350.338.126.317.11C910010010010010010097.294.092.390.688.486.268.649.942.737.832.828.224.717.111.81C1010010010010010010010010010099.297.695.673.155.950.644.939.334.029.920.513.41C1310010010010010010010010099.697.394.691.060.241.436.833.129.526.123.417.312.11C1410010010010010010010010010010010010087.559.250.644.638.633.129.220.314.02C191.988.675.768.863.960.256.854.754.052.951.650.749.949.148.748.448.047.546.040.532.82C291.989.178.171.366.061.858.556.455.354.554.053.453.152.652.452.252.151.951.747.938.72C376.674.063.957.853.149.446.844.543.742.942.041.22C491.989.881.675.970.966.763.260.659.358.557.657.156.556.055.855.655.355.154.549.739.42C591.990.283.678.473.669.766.564.063.162.862.262.061.761.661.661.561.460.858.850.938.512E088.984.478.273.368.964.460.457.855.654.252.951.138.2 表5.1-14 PN160钢制管法兰用材料最大允许工作压力（表压） 单位：bar材料类别工作温度/20501001502002503003503754004254504755005105205305405505756001C1160.0160.0160.0156.3151.4144.1133.8127.7124.4108.089.462.242.027.31C2160.0160.0160.0160.0160.0160.0148.9142.2136.6108.089.462.242.027.31C3160.0160.0155.8151.8147.4140.2130.2124.3120.5101.484.961.542.027.31C4147.0144.2133.9130.3126.3120.3111.7106.8105.394.980.460.842.027.31C9160.0160.016