大学英语1读写教程unit1单词讲义.doc

1. reward: vt. give sth in return for good and valuable doings.eg. The father rewarded the little boy for cleaning his room.Finally, his hard work was rewarded .reward: n. C, U sth as a return for good and valuable doings.eg. The bank developed a new system of rewards to encourage the clerks to work harder.This game had its excitement, challenges, and rewards.rewarding: adj. satisfying and worthwhile She found the experience very rewarding.Teaching is a rewarding career.2. frustrate: vt. 1) Cause someone to have feelings of disappointment eg. She was frustrated by her failure in the college entrance exam.2) Cause the failure of stheg. His attitude frustrated our plan.Thick fog frustrated their attempt to land on the tiny island.frustrating: adj. Making someone feel annoyed, upset, or impatienteg. Its frustrating when youre in a hurry and the traffic isnt moving.Many of the things that my father finds frustrating are exactly what my mother finds most rewarding.3. be worth sth / doing stheg. The beautiful town and lovely beaches were well worth the 45-minute drive from our cottage.Hes decided to have a look at the house for it is well worth buying.4. junior: adj. having a low position, level, or rankeg. She started as a junior reporter on a local newspaper.His job is to give instructions to people junior to him.5. senior: adj. having a higher position, level or rankeg. They have got effective support from the senior management of the college.His position is senior to me.6. while: conj. Eg. While I like him personally, I dont think what hes doing is right.While professors are talking about economic theories, company chairmen are concerned with profits.7. former: adj. of an earlier period; n. the first of the two.eg. The coal industry is now hardly half its former size.Of the two possibilities, the former seems more likely.8. not only but also: when you put “not only” at the beginning of a sentence, the sentence order should be inverted.eg. Not only did he finish his homework, but he also cleaned the room.Not only are housewives not paid, but also most of their boring work is unnoticed.9. unlike: prep. Not like, different fromeg. Unlike me, my son likes to get up early.10. far from: not at alleg. Far from (being) angry, he is very happy.Far from helping the situation, youve just made it worse.11. though: adv.eg. Learning English is a hard work, I enjoy it, though.I cant go shopping with you. I can give you a ride to the department store, though.12. intimidate: vt. Create a feeling of fear in sbeg. He said he would never be intimidated by his opponents power.Hes being kept in jail until the trial so that he cant intimidate any of the witnesses.13. medium: n a method for giving information adj. of middle size, amount, or qualityeg. TV has become the most important medium.She was of medium height and medium build.14. access: 1) the right to have or use sth; 2) the means of entering a place have / get / obtain access toeg. If you dont have access to the internet, well send someone to help you.The soldiers guarded the only access to the building.15. virtual: 1) created by computer to be similar to the experience of real life 2) Almost what is stated.eg. Virtual communities Virtual classroomsFinding a cheap place to rent is virtually impossible in this area.16. commitment: 1) the hard work and loyalty 2) a promiseeg. It is a part-time program, but total commitment is still necessary for completing it.He made a commitment to help all children learn English, but he soon found it impossible without an online course.17. keep up with: keep the same speed aseg. I am having trouble keeping up with the rest of the class.Its important to keep up with the changes of the time.18. minimum: adj. the least, or the smallest possible n. the smallest amounteg. The local shop paid him the legal minimum wage, but worked him twice the legal number of hours.The hospital has reduced staffing to an absolute minimum.19. feel like sth; feel like doing stheg. After lying in bed for a whole day, I feel like a walk.Let it go, he thought. He didnt feel like arguing.20. think out: consider carefully about the details of stheg. He chewed at the end of his pencil, thinking out the next problem.The book is well thought out.21. post: vt. Put up sth on a screen, wall, or notice boardeg. The internet will allow people who want to offer their help to post their name on a website.I will post a notice on the bulletin board to let others learn about it.22. come across: meet or find by chanceeg. I did not come across a bit of difficulty while taking the exam.The young man would get nervous every time he came across a girl.23. reap: vt. 1) get sth, esp. sth good, as a result of what one has done. 2) cut and gather a crop of graineg. After seeing my friend reap the benefits of hard study, I now believe that hard work pays off.Farmers are reaping rice in the field.24. trade for: exchange foreg. He decided to trade his car for a truck. I would trade my dictionary for your book.25. insight: C, U an accurate or deep understanding of stheg. Studying science gave me great insights into natural law.We help troubled teenagers gain some insight into their own problems.26. now that: because ofeg. Now that John has arrived, we can begin our class.My oldest son and I are getting along better now that hes getting ready to go to college.27. reach out to: communicate with; contacteg. With the introduction of the Internet, we can reach out to our friends by pare:1) Reach out for: try to geteg. You must reach out for any opportunity that comes your way.2）Reach for: hold out ones hand to get stheg. He reached for the phone and dialed the number.28. bridge the gap: reduce or get rid of the difference between two things.eg. Learning a foreign language helps us bridge the gap between two different cultures.He bridges the gap between ballet and modern dance. 1. 艰难却有意义的经历 the difficult yet rewarding experience 2. 积极的方法 the positive method 3. 踊跃回答问题 eagerly answer questions 4. 没有多久 It doesnt take long to 5. 有的机会 be offered an opportunity to 6. 学习远程课程Study through online course 7. 虚拟课堂 the virtual classroom 8. 犯令人尴尬的错误 make embarrassing mistakes 9. 因挫折而哭泣 cry out of frustration 10. 因而心生畏惧 feel intimidated by 11. 想出主意 think out ones ideas 12. 更为重要的 and most importantly 13. 尝到的甜头reap the benefits of 14. 非常艰辛的经历a most trying experience 15. 全新的视角new ways of seeing things 16. 了解不同文化insights into another culture 17. 建立难忘的友谊form unforgettable friendships 18. 发呆stare into space 19. 与别人打交道reach out to others 20. 弥合鸿沟bridge the gap between and 21. 名列前茅 be at the top of 22. 远不尽人意 be far from perfect 23. （有权利）使用/接触 get access to 24. 满足最低限度/要求 meet the minimum standards 25. 拿什么都不换 not trade sth. for anything 词语的活学活用1.很值得去努力 to be well worth the effort 生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。Not everything in life is well worth our risk.2.在班里名列前茅 to be at the top of the class 在社交方面所有的良策之中诚信应列在首位。On the list of good policies in social contact, honesty should be at the top.3. 失去说英语的欲望 to lose my desire / eagerness to say anything in English 由于她的不诚实,我失去了与她建立进一步友谊的欲望。As a result of her dishonesty, I lost my desire to form further friendship with her.4.远不尽人意 to be far from perfect 尽管我们的环境还远不尽人意，我们并没有失去使其改善的意愿Although our environment is still far from perfect, we havent lost the desire to change it for the better. 5.永远停滞不前 to stay at the same level forever 有时，我们的英语学习似乎总停滞不前，但事实上并不一定如此。Sometimes our English learning seems to stay at the same level forever, but, in fact, this is not necessarily the case. 6. 接触到必要的设备 to get access to the necessary equipment 通过网上学习我们接触到许多新思维模式。Through online learning we get access to many new patterns of thinking. 7. 跟上课程进度 to keep up with the flow of the course 为了跟上世界贸易的进程，中国决定加入世贸组织。To keep up with the flow of world trade, China decided to join WTO. 8. 满足课程最低限度的要求 to meet the minimum standards set by the course 要满足大学的最低要求也同样需要专一和自制。It also requires commitment and discipline to meet the minimum standards set by the university9. 因挫折而哭泣 to cry with frustration 一些人因胜利而雀跃，而另一些人因失败而叹息，这种事情经常发生。It often happens that while some jump with victory, others sigh with defeat.10. 想放弃 to feel like giving up 一些官员只想着及时行乐。Some officials only feel like enjoying pleasures as much as possible.11. 尝到刻苦学习的甜头 to reap the benefits of hard work 网上聊天使我能尝到学英语的甜头。Online chatting made it possible for me to reap the benefits of English learning.12. 拿什么都不换 not to trade(exchange / give) sth for anything 在那场灾难中给我们印象最深的是他们随时准备用自己的生命换得大众健康的精神。What impressed us most in that disaster was their readiness to give their lives for the public health.13. 使我懂得了刻苦努力的价值 to teach me the value of hard work与他频繁的私人交往使我懂得了真挚友谊的价值。Much personal contact with him taught me the value of true friendship. 14. 使我认识了另一种文化 to give me insights into another culture 读好书使我认识了高雅的含义。Good reading has given me insights into what good taste means. 15. 使我从心里乐于接受新的看待事物的方式to keep my mind open to new ways of seeing things 只要我们从心里乐于接受任何有助于社会进步的东西，我们的民族就充满希望。As long as we keep our minds open to anything helpful to social progress, our nation will be filled with hope. 16.弥合不同文化之间的鸿沟 to bridge the gap between different cultures 夫妇二人试图弥合两人之间的感情分歧，但未能成功。The couple tried to bridge the gap between their emotions, but without any success. 1、生活中并非一切都值得我们去冒险。Not everything in life is well worth our risk.2、在社交方面所有的良策之中诚信应列在首位。On the list of good policies in social contact, honesty should be at the top.3、由于她的不诚实,我失去了与她建立进一步友谊的欲望。As a result of her dishonesty, I lost my desire to form further friendship with her.4、尽管我们的环境还远不尽人意，我们并没有失去使其改善的意愿Although our environment is still far from perfect, we havent lost the desire to change it for the better. 5、有时，我们的英语学习似乎总停滞不前，但事实上并不一定如此。Sometimes our English learning seems to stay at the same level forever, but, in fact, this is not necessarily the case. 6、通过网上学习我们接触到许多新思维模式。Through online learning we get access to many new patterns of thinking. 7、为了跟上世界贸易的进程，中国决定加入世贸组织。To keep up with the flow of world trade, China decided to join WTO. 8、要满足大学的最低要求也同样需要专一和自制。It also requires commitment and discipline to meet the minimum standards set by the university.9、一些人因胜利而雀跃，而另一些人因失败而叹息，这种事情经常发生。It often happens that while some jump with victory, others sigh with defeat.10、一些官员只想着及时行乐。Some officials only feel like enjoying pleasures as much as possible.11、网上聊天使我能尝到学英语的甜头。Online chatting made it possible for me to reap the benefits of English learning.12、在那场灾难中给我们印象最深的是他们随时准备用自己的生命换得大众健康的精神。What impressed us most in that disaster was their readiness to give their lives for the public health.13、与他频繁的私人交往使我懂得了真挚友谊的价值。Much personal contact with him taught me the value of true friendship14、读好书使我认识了高雅的含义。Good reading has given me insights into what good taste means. 15、只要我们从心里乐于接受任何有助于社会进步的东西，我们的民族就充满希望。As long as we keep our minds open to anything helpful to social progress, our nation will be filled with hope. 16、夫妇二人试图弥合两人之间的感情分歧，但未能成功。The couple tried to bridge the gap between their emotions, but without any success. Sentence structure1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor.2. Allen Clarke kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down.3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family.4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others were insulting and impolite.5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry.1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours.2. Not only d