2018_2019学年高考英语一轮复习Lifestyles讲义北师大版.docx

Unit 1 Lifestyles一、刷黑板.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写 1questionnaire n问卷；调查表2lifestyle n. 生活方式3*shepherd n. 牧羊人4cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片5*couch n. 长沙发，睡椅6couch potato 终日懒散在家的人7paperwork n. 日常文书工作8BBC 英国广播公司 British Broadcasting Corporation 第二屏听写 9*workaholic n工作狂10document n. 公文，文件11studio n. 演播室；工作室12social adj. 社交的；社会的13minus adj. 零下，负14dial vt. 拨(电话号码)15presentation n. 表演；展示16accountant n. 会计，会计师 第三屏听写 17tube n(英)地铁18forecast n. 预报；预测_19miniskirt n. 迷你裙，超短裙20cigar n. 雪茄烟21*survey n. 调查22kungfu n. (中国)功夫23cycle vi. 骑自行车24style n. 风格，作风 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写 1matter vi.要紧，有重大关系2partner n. 合作者，搭档3peaceful_adj. 平静的；和平的4relaxing_adj. 轻松的，放松的5stressful_adj. 充满压力的，紧张的6suppose_vt. 认为，猜想7*series n. 系列节目；系列 第五屏听写 8TV_series电视连续剧9talk_show 谈话节目，现场访谈10*complain_vi. 抱怨；投诉11switch vt. 转换，转变12switch_on 把开关打开，接通13switch_over 转换频道，转变14switch_off 把关掉，关上15portable_adj. 轻便的，手提(式)的16remote_adj. 遥远的 第六屏听写 17remote_control 遥控18alarm n. 警报，警告器19alarm_clock 闹钟20go_off (铃、爆竹等)响21take_up 占据22urgent_ adj. 急迫的，紧急的23midnight_ n. 午夜，半夜24bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的 第七屏听写 25stress n 压力26expert n. 专家27suffer vi. 遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛28suffer_from 忍受，遭受29pressure n. 压力30reduce_vt. 减少；降低31organise vt. 组织32diet n. 饮食；节食 第八屏听写 33prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿34stand vt. 忍耐，忍受35volunteer n. 志愿者36graduate vi. 毕业37basin_n. 脸盆38challenge n. 挑战39support vt.&n. 支持；支撑40design n. & vt. 设计 第九屏听写 41advertisement n广告42*solve vt. 解决；解答43crowded_adj. 拥挤的44nearby adj. 附近的adv. 在附近45otherwise adv. 否则；另外46crowd_n. 人群，一伙人47lung n. 肺 第十屏听写 48sickness n疾病49distance_n. 距离50distance_learning 远程学习51at_the_moment 此刻，目前52over_the_years 数年间53classical_adj. 古典的54formal adj. 正式的，合礼仪的55be_filled_with_ 充满着 二、刷清单(一)核心单词阅读单词1.questionnaire n问卷；调查表2.lifestyle n. 生活方式3.shepherd n. 牧羊人4.cartoon n. 卡通片，动画片5.couch n. 长沙发，睡椅6.couch potato终日懒散在家的人7.paperwork n. 日常文书工作8.workaholic n. 工作狂9.document n. 公文，文件10.studio n. 演播室；工作室11.social adj.社交的；社会的12.minus adj. 零下，负13.dial vt. 拨(电话号码)14.presentation n. 表演；展示15.accountant n. 会计，会计师表达单词1.matter vi.要紧，有重大关系2.partner_n. 合作者，搭档3.suppose vt. 认为，猜想4.series n. 系列节目；系列5.complain vi. 抱怨；投诉6.switch vt. 转换，转变7.reduce vt. 减少；降低8.diet n. 饮食；节食9.stand vt. 忍耐，忍受10.basin n. 脸盆11.design n&vt. 设计12.solve vt. 解决；解答13.crowded_adj. 拥挤的14.nearby adj. 附近的adv. 在附近15.otherwise adv. 否则；另外语境活用1.It is not what you say but what you do that matters (要紧)2.I cant believe my eyes. How can you stand (忍受) being treated like that？3.We asked him to assist us in designing (设计) a new bridge.4.He switched (转换) from a back seat to a front one so that he could see clearly.5.Many students complain (抱怨) about their too much homework. They almost have no time to relax themselves.6.My father is trying to reduce (减少) expenses because we dont have much money.7.Getting a visa isnt as simple as you might suppose (认为)8.The small classroom becomes very crowded (拥挤的) because over seventy students sit there.9.We didnt know you were in trouble at that time; otherwise (否则) we would have given you a hand.拓展单词1.peaceful adj.平静的；和平的peace n和平peacefully adv.和平地；平静地2.relaxing adj.轻松的，放松的relax vt.& vi.放松relaxed adj.松懈的；放松的3.bored adj.厌烦的，不感兴趣的boring adj.令人厌烦的；无聊的bore vt.使厌烦4.distance n距离distant adj.遥远的5.formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的informal adj.非正式的6.prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿preference n喜好；偏爱7.volunteer n志愿者 vt.& vi.自愿去做voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的8.graduate vi.毕业 n毕业生graduation n毕业9.challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.有挑战性的语境活用1.The peaceful people hoped that the dispute was to be solved peacefully and a peace agreement could be signed as soon as possible.(peace)2.Generally speaking, we feel relaxed while listening to some relaxing music.(relax)3.When talking about my sons reading _preference,_I think he prefers science books.(prefer)4.Nowadays with the development of society, many volunteers volunteer to do voluntary work without any pay.(volunteer)5.I find the new job challenging,_but I am fully prepared to meet the challenge.(challenge)6.My brother was a graduate in physics and he graduated from Beijing University.He has been working in a famous company after graduation.(graduate)7.The president invited him to his private study for an informal talk before holding a _formal_meeting.(formal)8.He is so bored to death with the boring TV series that he seldom watches them.(bore)(二)常用短语写准记牢语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.switch_on/off/over把开关打开/关闭/转换频道；转变2.take_up 占据；开始从事；拿起3.be_filled_with 充满着4.suffer_from 忍受，遭受5.get_changed 换衣服，更衣6.take_turns_to_do_sth. 轮流做某事7.play_a_role/part_in 在中起作用8.at_the_moment 此刻，目前9.over_the_years 数年间10.make_sure 弄清，查明11.as_a_result 结果12.come_up_with 追上，赶上；想出，找到13.look_forward_to 盼望，期望14.as_well_as 除之外还；和15.make_a_difference 有影响；起作用16.go_off (铃、爆竹等)响1.Small changes in your daily life will play_a_part/role_in leading a lowcarbon life.2.A bomb went_off in the busy street and many people were badly hurt.3.We look_forward_to working with you to establish longterm business partnership.4.Switch_off when youve finished using the electric typewriter.5.She couldnt come_up_with a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.6.He was_filled_with horror when he heard the bad news.7.There is more and more noise pollution. As_a_result,_many species are dying out.8.I know hobbies may take_up much of your spare time, but they can enrich your life and make you happier.9.At_the_moment I have no idea where I will be next year.(三)经典句式原句背诵句式解构佳句仿写1.What kind of lifestyles do you think the men in the pictures have？你认为图中的这个人有什么样的生活方式？do you think 用作插入语。你认为谁是我们班最优秀的学生？Who_do_you_think the best student in our class？2.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我总是随身带着手提电视，坐在石墙上，而小狗围着我转圈。while 引导并列句，表转折对比。她认为我在谈她女儿，而实际上我在谈我的女儿。She thought I was talking about her daughter, while,_in fact, I was talking about my daughter.3.I am always the first person to get to the office. 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。“序数词名词不定式”作后置定语。他总是第一个到教室而且是最后一个离开的学生。He is always the_first_student_to_get_to_the_classroom and the_last_one_to_leave.4.Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常地铁很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。“so . that .”引导结果状语从句。路上的车太多，以至于我过不去。There were so_many_cars_in_the_street_that I couldnt get through.5.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。the same . that .“和一样”。我们英语老师穿着昨天的那件衣服。Our English teacher wears the_same_clothes_that he did yesterday.(四)初中考点再回顾高频考查类记熟文化差异类辨清易忘易错类勤览1.a_feeling_of_satisfaction 满足感2.a_man_of_few_words 寡言少语之人3.a_photo_of_my_family 我的全家福4.accept_an_invitation 接受邀请5.a set of keys 一串钥匙6.across from 在对面1.at_very_good_prices 以很低的价格 2.call_110 拨打1103.call_me_at_6034 拨打电话6034找我4.in_English 用英语5.at big/great sale 大降价6.in red 穿着红色衣服1.table manners餐桌礼仪2.eating habits 饮食习惯3.healthy food 健康食品4.eat out 出去吃饭5.take ones order 点菜6.junk food 垃圾食品一、过重点单词1matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系 n物质；问题；毛病教材原句As long as I get good marks in my tests, it doesnt matter if I can speak English or not.只要我能在考试中得高分，我是否会讲英语并不重要。(1)It doesnt matter.没关系。It matters/doesnt matter (to sb.)主语从句 (对某人来说)有关系， 重要/没关系，不重要(2)a matter of . 一个的问题 as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上to make matters worsewhats worse 更糟糕的是多角练透单句语法填空It doesnt matter_to_me if I miss my train, because theres another one later.Is the global warming a matter of life and death to mankind?完成句子I got up late today. To_make_matters_worse/Whats_worse,_I met a traffic jam.今天我起床晚了。更糟糕的是，我还遇到了交通堵塞。As_a_matter_of_fact,_what_matters in our life is that we should keep optimistic no matter what happens.事实上，在我们的生活中重要的是不管发生什么事我们都应该保持乐观。2suppose v理解；认为，猜想；假想；设想教材原句Mmmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose.嗯，我认为我的生活很有压力。(1)suppose sb./sth.(to be) .认为某人/某事be supposed to do 应该做be supposed to have done 本该做(而未做)(2)suppose/supposing (that) . 假使；假定(3)I suppose so./I suppose not.我想是这样。/我想不是这样。多角练透单句语法填空This combination of qualities is generally supposed to_be (be) extremely rare.Youre supposed to_buy (buy) a ticket, but not many people do.The train is supposed to_have_arrived_(arrive) an hour ago. 完成句子Suppose/Supposing_(that) youve made some progress, you should not be proud.假定你有了一些进步，你也不应该骄傲自大。Will he arrive at the station on time tomorrow?I_suppose_so.明天他会按时到达车站吗？我想他会的。名师指津suppose/supposing (that), assuming (that), providing/provided (that), given (that)可以作连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，假如”，表示一种假设条件。3complain vi.抱怨；投诉经典例句She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work.(朗文P434)她常常抱怨说在工作上得不到赏识。练牢基点写出下列句中complain的含义He complained that he couldnt find a job anywhere.抱怨I wish to complain about the washing machine that I bought last month; it stopped working again.投诉系统考点(1)complain that .抱怨complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事complain against/about sth. 抱怨/投诉某事(2)complaint n. 抱怨，投诉make a complaint against/about 投诉练通重点单句语法填空I am now writing to make a complaint against/about the service of your hotel.The American couple complained about/of the high cost of visiting Europe.The police received several complaints_(complain) about the noise from our party.单句改错Mrs. Jones complained the doctor that her back always hurts plained后加to4prefer vt.更喜欢，宁愿教材原句I prefer meeting people in small groups.我更喜欢与一小群人见面。(1)prefer doing/to do sth.更喜欢做某事prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢某物胜过某物prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事(2)prefer doing . to doing .prefer to do . rather than do .would do . rather than do .would rather do . than do . 宁愿做而不愿做(3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱have a preference for . 偏爱多角练透单句语法填空Some people prefer to_do/doing (do) almost everything over the Internet.I should prefer you not to_stay (stay) there too long.I have a preference (prefer) for serious novels to popular fictions.According to Science Daily, about onethird of people are likely to prefer shoes_to_a fun trip.一句多译孩子们宁愿骑自行车到乡下去，也不愿整天待在家里。The children preferred_to_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoors all the day.(prefer to .rather than .)The children preferred_cycling_to_the_countryside_to_staying_indoors all the day.(prefer .to .)The children would_cycle_to_the_countryside_rather_than_stay_indoors all the day.(would .rather than .)The children would_rather_cycle_to_the_countryside_than_stay_indoors all the day.(would rather .than .)名师指津(1)prefer不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。(2)prefer意为like better，不能说prefer more/better。5stand vt.忍耐，忍受；承受 n看台；货摊；立场教材原句I cant stand talking in front of the class.我无法忍受在全班同学面前讲话。一词多义下列写出句中stand的含义The shop was crowded with display stands and boxes.货摊His heart wont stand the strain much longer.承受He was criticized for his tough stand on immigration.立场In the stands, his friends and family came to watch his last game.看台When he couldnt stand it no longer, he rose abruptly to his feet.忍受归纳拓展cant stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事stand against 反对；经受住；倚着站着stand by 旁观，支持stand for 象征，代表stand out 突出，显眼，引人注目stand up 站立；站起来In China, the Chinese knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.在中国，中国结代表友谊、爱和好运。Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.多萝西作为那个在偏远地区风华正茂的人，在我的记忆中非常突出。联想发散请想一想除了stand之外，表示“忍受，容忍”的表达还有哪些？beartolerateput_up_with 名师指津stand作“容忍，忍受”讲时，后接动词ing形式作宾语，常用于否定句和疑问句中，无进行时态，也不用于被动语态。I cant stand being_woken (wake) up by the noise outside at night.我无法忍受深夜被外面的噪音吵醒。6support vt.& n支持；支撑教材原句His idea to organise a big party has won support from his friends.他的组织一个大型聚会的建议已经得到了朋友的支持。(1)support sb. in (doing) sth.支持某人(做)某事(2)lend/give/offer support to sb. 支持某人in support of .in favour of . 支持/拥护with/without the support of(不)在的支持下(3)supporter n. 支持者；拥护者题点全练单句语法填空My parents always support me in what I want to do.With the support of the Chinese government, many patients in poor areas can afford to go to hospital.Our government offers support_to_the graduates who plan to run their own businesses.He has been a keen supporter (support) of the Labour Party all his life.Several members spoke in support of the volunteers at the meeting yesterday.7design n& vt.设计；安排；图案；意图；计划经典例句The basic design of the car is very similar to that of earlier models.(牛津P540)这种汽车的基本设计与早期的样式基本相似。(1)by designon purpose故意地(2)design . as . 打算把作用design sb. to do/be . 打算让某人做某事/成为be designed to do sth. 目的是/打算做某事be designed for 为所设计(3)designer n. 设计师，设计者题点全练单句语法填空Her wedding dress is made by a very famous fashion designer_(design)A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to_test (test) our communicative ability.His parents designed him to_be_(be) a doctor after his graduating from Shandong University.The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or by design?The book is designed as a reference manual.8suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)经典例句Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff.(牛津P2019)许多公司苦于缺乏熟练员工。(1)suffer vt. “遭受；蒙受”，后常接pain, loss, defeat, poverty, hunger, punishment, hardship, damage等名词作宾语(2)suffer vi. 后常接from，表示“受折磨；受之苦；患某种疾病”(3)suffering n. U痛苦；苦难；pl.痛苦；苦恼sufferer n. 患者；受害者多角练透单句语法填空The old man is said to have gone through varieties of sufferings (suffer) during the war.She suffered_from_loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there.The sufferer (suffer) has decided to give up smoking.完成句子There is no denying that our earth is_suffering_severe_damage.不可否认，我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。.单句语法填空1I cant stand people complaining (complain) around me when Im working.2All his workmates suppose him to_be (be) an expert in this field.3Having_suffered (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.4In support of his sister, he sold his only house to pay the school fee.5The programme is designed to_help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.6It doesnt matter to me whether to go by ship or by train.7My dad prefers me not to_swim (swim) in that river because its too dangerous.8If you have a complaint (complain) about your holiday, please inform us in writing.单句改错1John complained the bookseller that there were several pages missing in the plained后加to2It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time.去掉第一个from3I cant say which wine is best its the matter of personal taste.thea4Supposed we cant solve the problem, what shall we do next？SupposedSuppose/Supposing5Many children prefer to playing games on the computer rather than play outside.playingplay.完成句子1He was_supposed_to_have_helped_us,_but he didnt.他本应该帮助我们的，但是他没有。2Several experts have spoken in_support_of_the_plan.几位专家都表示支持这项计划。3It_doesnt_matter_whether the present is expensive or not. What_really_matters is whether it comes from your inner heart.礼物贵不贵不重要，真正重要的是它是否来自你的内心。4You are likely to suffer_from_bad_health_if you keep smoking.如果你继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。5She is the sort of person who stands_out_in_a_crowd.她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。二、过短语、句式1go off(铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变质；变差；不再喜欢教材原句I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off.我一般在闹钟响前大约5分钟醒来。一词多义写出下列句中go off的含义Ive gone off tea. Please give me some coffee.不再喜欢Dont go off without saying goodbye.离开Meat goes off quickly in hot weather.(食物等)变质The guard loosened the dogs when the burglar alarm went off.铃响Fireworks were going off all over the city.(爆炸等)响归纳拓展go against违背；违反go by 逝去；过去go over 复习；仔细检查go up 上涨；上升；攀登go through 经历；检查；完成；(法案等)通过If you go against nature, it will punish you.如果你违背了大自然，它就会惩罚你。Our teacher chose many important exercises for us, and I went over the language points at the same time.(2014四川高考书面表达)我们的老师为我们选了很多重要的习题，同时我复习语言点。They were always ready to go through fire and water for their motherland.他们随时准备为祖国赴汤蹈火。2take up拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)教材原句Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day.会议、电话不断，占据了白天的大部分时间。一词多义写出句中take up的含义You should take up my suggestion and start saving money.接受He took up the telephone and called his mother.拿起Important people dont often have much free time as their work takes up all their time.占用(时间)Let me sum up last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson.继续After he retired from office, my father took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.开始从事归纳拓展take in吸收；收留；欺骗；领会take on 雇用；承担(工作、责任)；呈现take off 去掉；脱掉；起飞；(事业)腾飞take over 接管take . for granted 认为理所当然Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就已经成功了No other organization was able or willin