2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit24Society单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）北师大版选修8.docx

Unit 24 Society课时练(一)阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2019名校原创预测卷六)Dont miss out on student competitions available from NASA.Check this page often for new additions.NASA_Earth_&_Space_Air_PrizeAudience: Higher Education StudentsRegistration Deadline: Dec.13, 2017The competition asks individuals to design and develop sensors (探测装置) useful in spaceflight as well as on Earth.Three finalists will receive 50,000 each to build a functioning sensor according to their suggestions.The winner will receive a 100,000 award.Future_Engineers:_Two_for_the_Crew_ChallengeAudience: K12 StudentsRegistration Deadline: Dec.19, 2017Use your head to create a tool that combines the functions of two objects already being used by crew aboard the International Space Station! Visit the Challenge Website to find out about space station tools and to get brainstorming resources to help you create a design.The site provides links to free 3D design software.The winning design will be 3D printed on the station.Prizes include “3D Printing in Space” prize packs, a 3D printer for your school and a trip to Washington, DC.!Mission_X_2018:_Train_Like_an_Astronaut_Walk_to_the_Moon_ChallengeAudience: All Educators and Students, Home School Parents and Afterschool GroupsRegistration Deadline: Dec.31, 2017Mission X encourages children of all ages to seek healthy lifestyles based on training like an astronaut.In 2018, Mission X is challenging fit explorers around the world to work together to perform activities in which all will move online mascot (吉祥物) Astro Charlie the 478 million steps required to walk from the Earth to the moon! Thats 238,857 miles, or 384,403 kilometers! The challenge starts in January.Visit the website for full challenge details.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局主办的面向不同层次的学生的三项竞赛。1Who is NASA Earth & Space Air Prize most likely intended for?AHigh school students.BHome school parents.CCollege students. DCollege educators.解析：选C细节理解题。根据NASA Earth & Space Air Prize部分中的“Audience: Higher Education Students”可知，此项比赛主要针对的是受过高等教育的学生；结合选项可知，只有C项“大学生”符合文章内容。故选C。2What can we know about the “Mission X 2018”？AIt kicks off in the year of 2018.BIt aims to find potential astronauts.CIt allows of an experience of flying.DIt provides participants with cash prizes.解析：选A细节理解题。根据最后一部分中的“The challenge starts in January”及“Registration Deadline: Dec.31, 2017”可知，Mission X 2018这项竞赛在2018年开始。故选A。3Whats the purpose of this passage?ATo call on people to visit NASA.BTo stress the importance of creativity.CTo introduce the development of NASA.DTo attract people to NASA competitions.解析：选D写作意图题。纵观全文尤其是第一段中的“Dont miss out on student competitions available from NASA”可知，本文主要介绍了美国国家航空航天局主办的面向不同层次的学生的竞赛，目的是吸引他们去参加。故选D。B(2019名校原创预测卷二)Back in January, I was watching a college football game and came to a realization: As a high school senior, pretty soon, Ill be the same age as some of the top athletes in the world.This realization was both confusing and comforting. Until this point, Id always thought of top athletes in another generation. I had no real connection to people in the news or playing sports on TV because they were so much older. But pretty soon, people of my age will be the ones dominating (支配) the news.The comfort came in understanding that as I prepare to graduate from Sanford H. Calhoun High School in Merrick, Im not that far off from entering the real world, and I will have a chance to make a name for myself.Right now, Im at the end of one of life stages, with many more to come. As seniors, many in my class developed superiority_complexes. Wed see babyfaced ninthgraders and think, “Ugh, those annoying freshmen.” Or wed hear juniors complain about starting the college application process and say to each other, “Those juniors have no idea what theyre talking about.” Of course, last years seniors said the same thing about last years juniors, repeating a timeless cycle.Psychologist and author Thomas Armstrong writes that life is made up of 12 stages. He stresses that no stage is more important than another, and each has its own unique gifts. There is no highest point in life, no impressive ending when you are above everybody else. At the same time, there is no lowest point in life; at no point is a human worthless and below others. Just as an infant isnt below everyone else, our elders arent above everyone else.语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在观看足球比赛时意识到自己将和一些优秀的运动员同岁，并由此引发了其对高中生活和人生的感悟。4What can we know about the author?AHell finish his high school studies about one year later.BReflecting on the past is a part of his daily routine.CFootball is a particular favorite with him.DHe dreams of being an excellent athlete.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As a high school senior”可知，作者作为高中毕业班学生，会在大约一年后完成自己的高中学业。故选A。5Why did the author find his realization comforting?AThe top athletes are the same age as him.BThere is a possibility that he can be famous.CHe will be admitted to his dream university.DHes made full preparations for entering society.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“I will have a chance to make a name for myself”可知，作者觉得自己的感悟中令人欣慰的部分是他很快就会步入真正的世界，也将有机会让自己出名。make a name“出名，成名”。故选B。6What does the underlined phrase “superiority complexes” in Paragraph 4 mean?AA habit of making complaints.BA habit of following in others footsteps.CA feeling that you are better than others.DA feeling that others are unapproachable.解析：选C词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“Wed see babyfaced ninthgraders and think . repeating a timeless cycle”可知，该段主要讲的是作为毕业班学生，作者的很多同学会在新生面前自以为是，或者嘲笑那些抱怨大学申请过程(复杂)的低年级学生，即高年级学生会在低年级学生面前产生一种优越感，故画线词的意思应为“优越感”。故选C。7What message is conveyed in the last paragraph?ALife is meant to be lived and enjoyed.BLife is never smooth, full of ups and downs.COne should try to reach his greatest potential.DEveryone has their own value and position in life.解析：选D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“at no point is a human worthless and below others. Just as an infant isnt below everyone else, our elders arent above everyone else”可知，在任何时候人都是有价值的，不低于他人，亦不高于他人，即每个人在生活中都有自己的价值和位置。故选D。C(2019名校原创预测卷五)Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare or provide support for others in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.Having fulltime custody (监护) of grandchildren can have a negative effect on health, but occasional helping can be beneficial for seniors.The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70 in the Berlin Aging Study.The participants completed interviews and medical tests every two years.The researchers did not include any grandparents who were the primary caregivers for their grandchildren, only those who cared for grandchildren occasionally.The study team compared this group with seniors who provided support for nonfamily members, such as friends or neighbors, and seniors who did not provide any care for other people.Overall, after accounting for grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying over a 20year period was onethird lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparents who did not provide any childcare.Half of the grandparents who cared for grandchildren were still alive ten years after the initial interview.The same was true for participants who did not have grandchildren but supported their adult children in some way, such as helping with housework.In contrast, about half of the participants who did not help others died within five years after the start of the study.“Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active，” said Professor Arpino, adding that previous studies suggest that caregiving may improve cognitive (认知的) functioning, mental and physical health.Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering.“Children should take into consideration their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare，” Arpino suggested.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，偶尔帮忙照看孩子或者给社区的其他人提供帮助的老年人会更长寿。8What does the study from Berlin focus on?AThe problems faced by grandparents providing childcare.BWhether grandparents should provide childcare.CHow grandparents can help out with childcare.DThe benefits of childcare on grandparents.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare .other people”及下文的内容可知，研究发现，偶尔帮忙照看孩子或者给社区的其他人提供帮助的老年人比那些不关心他人的老年人活得更久。由此可知，该研究的关注点是儿童照管给老年人带来的好处。故选D。9Whats Arpinos attitude toward caregiving?ADoubtful. BObjective.CNegative. DFavorable.解析：选B观点态度题。根据第五段中的“Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active”及第六段中的“caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away from other beneficial activities”可知，Arpino既肯定了儿童看护对老年人的好处，也说明了过多的看护责任可能会带来的不利影响，因此Arpino对让老年人看护儿童所持的态度是客观的。故选B。10Which statement may Arpino agree with?AGrandparents are really the best choice for childcare.BThere is a growing trend toward grandparenting.CChildcare provides more opportunities for the elder.DProper amounts of childcare make grandparents live longer.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句和最后一段中的“Children should take into consideration their parents needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare”可知，Arpino可能认可的言论是适量的儿童看护可能会使老年人更长寿。故选D。11Why does the author write the passage?ATo present the findings of a study.BTo tell the senior how to live longer.CTo stress the importance of childcare.DTo give advice on looking after the aged.解析：选A写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要向读者介绍了一项研究的结果，即偶尔帮忙照看孩子或者给社区的其他人提供帮助的老年人会更长寿。故作者写作本文的意图是告诉人们这一研究的结果。故选A。D(2019名校原创预测卷三)The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents.But through working as a parttime skating instructor and restaurant server, she isnt able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households (家庭) have always been a part of American life.However, the number of young adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.UBS Financial Services released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesnt want them to leave.The report shows that 74 percent of millennials (千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. It finds that millennials have redefined the ties that connect parents and children. Millennials see their parents as peers (同龄人), friends and instructors. Nearly three quarters talked with their parents more than once a week during college.In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them.Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in the US, said the number of young adults striking out on their own fell during the Great Recession.Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesnt necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest.He said, “They may like living at home and being able to save money.”“Theres no doubt it has held back household formation and purchases of things people spend money on related to household formation and perhaps related to childraising，” Hoffman explained.“But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they dont have a house expense or marriage.I dont know if it represents a change in moral values.But its much more common for adult children to live in their parents homes because its becoming part of the culture.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在西方的传统观念中，成年即意味着要离开父母，独立生活。然而现在，越来越多的西方年轻人更倾向于与父母同住。12What can be learned about Caitlin Hipp?AShe is in her thirties.BShe is ambitious for her career.CShe can barely make ends meet.DShe prefers living with her parents.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But through working as a parttime skating instructor and restaurant server, she isnt able to earn enough to live anywhere other than home”可知，如果不住在家里，通过作兼职滑冰教练和餐馆服务员，Hipp是不能赚取足够的钱来独立生活的，即她很难维持生计。故选C。13Whats the reason for young adults living at home according to UBS Financial Services?AThe lack of job opportunity.BTheir parents need for them.CThe high pressure from modern life.DTheir parents overprotection of them.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesnt want them to leave”可知，据瑞银金融服务公司发布的报告显示，越来越多的年轻人住在家里的一个原因是他们的父母不想让他们离开，即他们的父母需要他们。故选B。14What does Hoffman think of young adults living at home?AIt will never go out of fashion.BIt may allow of more travel chances.CIt results from the change in moral values.DIt goes against Americas cultural development.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But they are probably traveling more and eating out more if they dont have a house expense or marriage”可知，在Hoffman看来，年轻人住在家里可能会使他们拥有更多的旅游机会。故选B。15What is the authors purpose of writing this passage?ATo introduce different types of living arrangements.BTo stress the importance of financial independence.CTo inform people of a social phenomenon in the US.DTo explain why American young adults still live at home.解析：选C写作意图题。纵观全文可知，本文主要介绍了在美国，越来越多的年轻人倾向于与父母同住的这样一种社会现象，故C项最能概括作者写作本文的目的。.阅读七选五(2019名校原创预测卷二)Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school. _16_Read beyond assigned reading. Following your course outline and doing all of your assigned reading are important. But to pull ahead to first rank, you also need to read books that can provide that extra information you need. _17_ Prepare an extra credit report based on what you learn._18_ Dont just physically sit in the chair. Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. Take leadership roles whenever theyre offered. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and come prepared with notes and references for every debate.Ask for help when you see you need it. Balancing different classes and assignments can make it difficult to keep up in every subject. If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, dont struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary. _19_ Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice.Ask your teacher for extra credit assignments, particularly if you receive a disappointing grade in a subject. Dont merely accept the mark. Do everything you can to raise it.Stay physically fit. _20_ Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies. But be disciplined (有条理的). Schedule a study period for each day and stick to it.AFinish your homework in time.BParticipate in teamwork in class.CGet plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities.DTry these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your class.EConcentrate on what your teacher explains so that you can grasp the main points.FSimilarly, if you do well in a subject, tell your teacher youre available to help others.GIf youre studying World War ， for instance, read biographies of the important players.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，就如何成为班级的第一名提出了几点建议。16解析：选D根据空前的内容及空后列举的几条建议可知，此处应填一个起承上启下作用的句子，故D项“在(向着这个目标前进的)途中尝试这些建议来帮助你成为班级的第一名”符合语境。17解析：选G根据本段的主旨句“Read beyond assigned reading”可知，本段主要讲的是要阅读老师布置的阅读材料之外的东西，再结合空处前后的内容可知，G项“例如，如果你正在学习第二次世界大战，就去读一读(战争的)重要参与者的自传”符合语境。“biographies of the important players”是对上文中的“extra information”的具体说明。18解析：选B根据下文中的“Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams”和“If the class has a debating team, take part in it”可知，本段主要讲的是关于参与班级的集体活动方面的内容，故B项“在课堂中参与团队合作”符合语境。19解析：选F根据本段的主旨句“Ask for help when you see you need it”及空后一句可知，空处内容应是与帮助同学有关，故F项“同样地，如果你某门功课学得好，告诉你的老师你可以帮助其他人”符合语境。20解析：选C根据本段的主旨句“Stay physically fit”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持身体健康。再结合下文中的“Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors”可知，此处说明的应是保持身体健康的方式，故C项“通过集体活动或个人活动获得大量的锻炼”符合语境。课时练(二)语言知识运用组块专练练准度(限时：30分钟).完形填空(2019贵阳监测)There was a little, but always strange girl. Everything was bad for her. She wished to meet an enchantress (女魔法师) that would turn her life a(n) _1_ tale.One day an enchantress came and said that one of her wishes would _2_. The girl became very happy at first, but then she started to think that she had a lot of wishes and all of them were _3_ for her. She could not _4_ just one. Then the _5_ enchantress said that she would help her realize one wish every day. The girl became _6_ now all her dreams will become realities.From that day on, she was waiting every morning with joy and _7_. Then as days passed, the dreams became real ones . But soon the little girl realized that _8_ of the wishes did not give her joy and happiness which she _9_ for. Many wishes brought her disappointment, and some _10_ pains. Almost every dream was an empty little girls caprice (任性). Though being _11_， she suddenly found that she did not _12_ this. Soon she started to _13_ the dreams. She was afraid to _14_ every day, waiting for the realization of another wish. Crying, she asked the enchantress to _15_ only one dream to live as she lived _16_ and enjoy life.The good enc