2019高考英语词汇（29）练习（含解析）.docx

词汇（29）复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写）【单句单词语法填空】1 _(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. 答案：Having worked该题逻辑主语是Steve，与动词work是主谓关系，已知谓语动词为managed to finish，“成功完成”，比较动作work和已知谓语可知，先工作两天，才成功完成，因此用可表示发生在已知谓语动词之前的having worked。2(2015陕西，17改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on _(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 答案：to thankgo on后接to do或doing作宾语均可以，但是go on doing表示“继续干同一件事”，而go on to do则表示“继续干另一件事”。由语境可知，Anne Benedict在接受奖项后又继续干另一件事，即：感谢帮助过她的人，故要用动词不定式作宾语。句意：在获得奥斯卡最佳女配角奖项之后，Anne Benedict继续感谢所有曾经在她的职业生涯中帮助过她的人。3(2015陕西，18改编)Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother _(take) good care of at home. 答案：taken分析结构可知，此处是“see宾语宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语可以是do，doing或者done。若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作的全过程，用省略to的动词不定式，即do；若宾语与补语之间为主谓关系，且强调动作正在进行，用doing；若宾语与补语之间为动宾关系，用过去分词作宾补。此处his mother与take good care of之间为动宾关系，要用taken作宾补。句意：在非洲医疗服务两年后回来，李博士看到他的母亲在家里被照顾得很好，他很高兴。4(2015浙江，18改编)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _(perform) live is quite another. 答案：being performed由live“现场直播”可知“听到音乐正在被演奏”，故填being performed。5(2015湖南，30改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，_(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 答案：wondering句意：当店员看到一张慈祥的脸上挤出一副抱歉的笑容时，她愣愣地站在了那里，不知是去还是留。此句的谓语动词是stood，所以wonder在此用ing形式作伴随状语。核心单词1.tradition n.U，C惯例，传统2.traffic n. 交通，来往车辆3.translation n. 翻译；译文4.transparent adj. 透明的，清澈的5.transplant vt. 移植6.transport vt.& n. 运输7.treasure n. 金银财宝；珍宝，贵重物品vt. 重视，珍惜8.treat vt. 对待，看待9.tremble vi. 颤抖；抖动10.trust vt. 相信，信任，信赖11.typical adj. 典型的，有代表性的12.unbelievable adj. 难以置信的13.uncertain adj. 不确定的14.uncomfortable adj. 令人不舒服的15.unconscious adj. 不省人事的，未发觉的，无意识的16.undertake vt. 承担，从事，负责17.unemployment n. 失业，失业状态18.unfair adj. 不公平的，不公正的19.unfortunate adj. 不幸的20.universal adj. 普遍的21.university n. 大学22.urge v. 极力主张，强烈要求；催促，激励n. 强烈的欲望，迫切的要求23.vacant adj. 未被占用的，空着的；(职位等)空缺的；(神情等)茫然的24.vacation n. 假期，休假25.various adj. 各种各样的，不同的重点短语1.采取措施做某事2.take over 接替；接管take up 占用(时间、空间)；从事take out 拿出，取出take place 发生take the place of 代替take ones place 就座；代替某人的职位take it easy 别紧张；别着急take ones time 别急，慢慢来take off 脱掉；起飞；成功take part in 参加take pride in 因而自豪take away (from) 拿走；使停留，使离开take in 欺骗；吸取；收留take on 雇用；接受(工作)；呈现(品质、面貌)【阅读理解】With autumn on the horizon, the seasons first Oscar competitors are here. Already,the Hollywood Reporter has predicted that the often-snubbed(冷落的) Leonardo DiCaprio could win. Although before we get swept up in predictions, its nice to remember that little gold men are not the reason we love the movies. They shouldnt be the primary reason for acting in them either.Bill Murray knows this first hand. Murray was positioned to win his first-ever Oscar Academy Award for2004s “Lost in Translation”, but he lost it to Sean Penn. Years later, Murrayexplained how he took the defeat in stride(从容应对), and his words should act as a blueprint for anyone who has failed:“I went through it once before and its nice to get nominated and win some prizes. You get to go to dinners and tell little stories and so forth. Then you get to get dressed up. And then you get to be on TV, which is sweet. And you can either win or lose. Well youre not supposed to say lose when you talk about the Oscar. You are supposed to say not chosen. But I later realized that I had gotten a little caught up in the possibility of winning. So, shame on myself for getting caught in it. But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation. So I thought it didnt seem unnatural to expect that I would be rewarded just one more time. So when it didnt happen, I thought, Well, thats kind of funny. But to get prizes is not why you work.”Murray isnt alone in those feelings. No mention of actors without Oscars would be complete without recognition of Leonardo DiCaprio, who said, “I dont think I ever expected anything like an Oscar ever, to tell you the truth. That is not my motivation when I do these roles. I really am motivated by being able to work with great people and create a body of work that I can look back and be proud of.”Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point. Here are some other amazing actors who never won an Oscar, even if you think they did: Julianne Moore, Brad Pitt, Johnny Depp, Tom Cruise, Harrison Ford, Will Smith. And they have provedthatcountless times before.1.We can learn about Bill Murray from the passage that_.A. he felt ashamed that he didnt win the Oscar.B. he never expected himself to win the Oscar.C. he had already won many other awards before he failed in Oscar.D. he is the first actor who had been predicted to win the Oscar but failed.2.Leonard DiCaprio is motivated to act different roles because _A. he wants to win the Oscar.B. he can cooperate with great people.C. he wants others to take pride in him.D. he is not the only actor who hasnt won the Oscar.3.The underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refers to “_”.A. Neither Murray nor DiCaprio will won an Oscar.B. Winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.C. Some amazing actors have never won an Oscar.D. You think that some actors should have won an Oscar.4.What is the writers attitude to Leonardos idea on winning an Oscar?A. Approving.B. CriticalC. Indifferent.D. Neutral.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了落选奥斯卡奖的比尔默里和莱昂纳多对奥斯卡奖的看法。1.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I won a lot of the prizes for Lost in Translation.”可知，在落选奥斯卡之前，比尔默里已经赢得了很多其他奖项。3.B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.”可知，此处的that指代的就是winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point。4.A 【解析】观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Perhaps neither Murray nor DiCaprio will ever be introduced as an Academy Award-winning actor, but winning an Oscar for acting shouldnt be the point.”可知，作者对莱昂纳多关于赢得奥斯卡的态度是支持的。写作句式非谓语动词作补语1.(2016北京高考书面表达)Later on, we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.后来，我们被邀请与我们学校的所有学生分享我们的想法和经验。2.(2016四川高考书面表达)With birds singing in the tree and everything so green, I feel very delighted and relaxed.鸟儿在树上歌唱，满眼绿色，我感到既快乐又放松。3.The meeting room was found thoroughly cleaned and everything arranged in good order.人们发现会议室被彻底打扫了，一切都布置得井井有条。我读我练.词汇应用 1.We want to know about their origins, typical(典型的) food Americans eat during the festivals and how Americans celebrate them.2.At the ancient Olympics, by tradition (传统) the athletes were all men and they had to compete wearing no clothes.3.People universally(universal) acknowledge that reading plays an important part in learning English.4.Mary often does some translation(translate) work to earn extra money, which accounts for half of her income.5.John is ill and I want to know who is going to take_the_place_of (代替) him.6.Every city in China is doing its best to_take_measures (采取措施) to fight against pollution.句式仿写1.在非洲医疗机构待了两年回来之后，李医生十分高兴地看到家里的母亲得到了很好的照顾。Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa, Dr.Lee was very happy to_see_his_mother_taken_good_care_of_at_home.2.他让灯亮了整晚，这使他父母很生气。He had_the_light_burning_all_night,_which made his parents very angry.3.不论什么时候你受邀去做某事，无论你能去与否，都是需要做出回复的。Whenever you are_invited_to_do_something,_response is expected, whether you can go or not.【练习】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2018淄博市高三模拟考试)My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did such well in written English.He told me that he has a habit of keep a diary every day.“You can try them，too.Im sure you will improve your written English quickly in this way，”he said.I thought Tom was right，but I decided to follow his advices.I started to write down something interested every day.Sometimes when I didnt know how to spell a word，I would look it up in a dictionary.When I didnt know how to write a sentence correct，I would ask my teacher for the help.My written English has really improved a lot because that.【答案】My new friend Tom is good at English writing.One day，I asked him how he did suc well in written English.He