人人文库网 > 图纸下载 > 毕业设计 > YB32-200型压力机液压系统的设计[含9张CAD图纸和说明书全套打包]

中英文翻译.doc

YB32-200型压力机液压系统的设计[含9张CAD图纸和说明书全套打包]

资源目录

YB32-200型压力机液压系统的设计[含CAD图纸和说明书全套打包].zip

论文相似性检测报告.pdf---(点击预览)

张亮—开题报告.docx---(点击预览)

YB32-200型压力机液压系统的设计说明书.doc---(点击预览)

汇总图 9张CAD图纸.dwg

压缩包内文档预览：

编号：19633888 类型：共享资源大小：1.07MB 格式：ZIP 上传时间：2019-06-01 上传人：好资料QQ****51605 IP属地：江苏

50
积分

版权申诉 word格式文档无特别注明外均可编辑修改；预览文档经过压缩，下载后原文更清晰！ 立即下载

关键词：: 含9张CAD图纸和说明书全套打包 YB32-200型压力机液压系统的设计

资源描述：

【温馨提示】购买原稿文件请充值后自助下载。

以下预览截图到的都有源文件,图纸是CAD，文档是WORD，下载后即可获得。

预览截图请勿抄袭，原稿文件完整清晰，无水印，可编辑。

有疑问可以咨询QQ：414951605或1304139763

摘要

　　　液压压力机是制品成型生产中应用最广的设备之一，是集机﹑电﹑液为一体的现代化高技术设备。本文针对实现快速空程下行—慢速加压—保压—快速回程—停止的工作循环的需求，提出了设计题目。并对该机的机械系统﹑液压系统﹑和所需缸的尺寸进行了全面设计。

　　　在机械系统设计中，首先确定整机为二梁四柱结构，依此为基础，根据工况分析，确定了液压的系统压力和安装方式，计算出主缸﹑顶出缸的内径尺寸﹑活塞杆的尺寸﹑缸盖以及导向套的尺寸。接着完成了对主缸和顶出缸的结构优化设计和各个零部件之间装配方式的选择。最后绘制了主缸和顶出缸的装配图和主要零件图。

　　　液压系统设计中，首先分析压力机的压制工艺，根据液压压力机的用途﹑特点和要求，利用液压传动的基本原理，并在此基础上，进行了液压系统原理图的设计，确定了液压系统的执行元件。计算了整个液压系统的流量，并根据流量和压力进行了液压阀的选择﹑液压站的设计和各个辅助元件的选择。计算了整个系统的功率，据此选择了电动机的型号，最后完成了整个液压系统的验算。

关键词：液压系统；压力机；液压控制系统；液压机

Abstract

　　　Hydraulic press is one of the products most widely used in molding production equipment, is a machine, electricity and liquid as one of modern high-tech equipment. Aiming to achieve rapid backlash downside - Slow pressure - packing - fast return - needs to stop duty cycle, we proposed a design. And the aircraft's hydraulic system mechanical systems and cylinder size required for a comprehensive design.

　　　In the mechanical system design, first determine the whole structure is two-beam four, followed by the foundation, according to the working conditions analyzed to determine the hydraulic system pressure and installation, calculate the top of the master cylinder inner diameter of the cylinder rod as to size, the size of the cylinder head and the guide sleeve. Then complete the assembly between the way the master cylinder and the top of the cylinder structure optimization design and the choice of the individual components. Finally draw the master cylinder and the top of the cylinder assembly drawing and major parts drawing.

　　　Hydraulic system design, the first press of the pressing process analysis, based on the use of hydraulic presses characteristics and requirements, using the basic principle of hydraulic transmission, and on this basis, the design of the hydraulic system schematics to determine the hydraulic system The actuator. Calculate the flow rate of the hydraulic system, and based on the flow and pressure of the design and selection of each auxiliary hydraulic valve element selection ﹑ hydraulic station. Calculate the power of the entire system, whereby selected motor model, and finally completed the checking of the hydraulic system.

Keyword：Hydraulic system, Presses , Hydraulic Control System, Hydraulic Press目录

1 绪论 1

1.1液压传动的发展概况 1

1.2压力机的发展 1

2 液压压力机的液压系统原理设计 4

2.1液压压力机的基本结构 4

2.2工况分析 4

2.2.1液压压力机工况分析 4

2.2.2主缸负载循环图和速度循环图的绘制 5

2.2.3顶出缸缸负载循环图和速度循环图的绘制 6

2.3拟定液压系统原理图 7

2.3.1确定供油方式 7

2.3.2调速方式的选择 7

2.3.3液压系统原理图的设计 7

2.3.4主液压缸的运动 9

2.3.5顶出缸的运动 10

3 液压系统的计算和元件选型 11

3.1液压缸的计算与选型 11

3.1.1确定液压缸的主要参数 11

3.1.2缸筒的设计计算 14

3.1.3缸盖厚度的确定 15

3.1.4最小导向长度的确定 15

3.1.5液压缸工作行程的确定 17

3.1.6缸体长度的确定 17

3.1.7液压缸的结构设计 17

3.1.8液压机顶出缸设计 21

3.2确定液压泵和电动机 23

3.3液压阀的选择 26

3.4液压站的设计 27

3.4.1液压油箱的设计 27

3.4.2确定管道尺寸 30

4 辅助元件的选择 31

4.1管道 31

4.2管接头 31

4.3密封件 31

4.4滤油器 31

4.5空气滤清器 31

4.6液位计 31

5 液压系统温升的验算 33

5.1液压系统温升的验算 33

结论 35

致谢 36

参考文献 38

1 绪论

1.1液压传动的发展概况

　　　液压传动和气压传动总称为流体传动，是根据17世纪帕斯卡提出的液体静压力传动原理而发展起来的一门新兴技术，在工农业及其各个领域光伟应用。如今，流体传动技术水平的高低已成为一个国家工业发展水平的重要标志。[1]

　　　我国的液压工业开始于20世纪50年代，液压元件最初应用于机床和锻压设备。60年代获得较大发展，已渗透到各个工业部门，在机床、工程机械、冶金、农业机械、汽车、船舶、航空、石油以及军工等工业中都得到了普遍的应用。当前液压技术正向高压、高速、大功率、高效率、低噪声、低能耗、长寿命、高度集成化等方向发展。同时，新元件的应用、系统计算机辅助设计、计算机仿真和优化、微机控制等工作，也取得了显著成果。

　　　目前，我国的液压件已从低压到高压形成系列，并生产出许多新型元件，如插装式锥阀、电液比例阀、电液伺服阀、电业数字控制阀等。[2]我国机械工业在引进国外先进的液压技术的同时认真消化，努力研制、开发属于我国自主的液压件新产品。同时为了保证新产品的可靠性和稳定性积极采用国际标准，优化产品结构，对一些性能差不符合国家标准的液压件产品，采取措施，逐步淘汰。由此可见，伴随着科学新技术的迅猛发展，液压技术将会被赋予一种新的力量，机械工业各领域得到广泛应用。[3]

全部文件.png

液压缸装配图.png

缸体.png

缸筒装配图.png

汇总图 9张CAD图纸.png

活塞杆.png

目录.png

内容简介：: 本科生毕业设计专业外文翻译原文： Hydraulic cylinders 译文：液压缸指导教师：王菡职称：讲师学生姓名：张亮学号：1102130432 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化院（系）：机电工程学院 2015年4月10日Hydraulic cylindersHydraulic cylinders are hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, make a linear reciprocating motion (or swing movement) of the hydraulic actuators. Simple structure, reliable work. Use it to achieve reciprocating motion, can be removed from deceleration devices, and no transmission gap, smooth movement, and therefore widely used in various mechanical hydraulic system. Hydraulic cylinder output force and the effective area of the piston and the pressure is proportional to both sides; consisting essentially of hydraulic cylinders and cylinder head, piston and piston rod, seals, cushioning device component and exhaust. Cushioning device and the exhaust depending on the specific application may be, other devices are essential.One . TypeAccording to the form of the structure of a conventional hydraulic cylinder, which can be divided into three types: structural forms sanitation garbage truck hydraulic cylinder varied, there are a variety of classification methods: by movement can be divided into linear reciprocating and rotary swing ; by the liquid-pressure situation can be divided into single-acting and double-acting; form of the structure can be divided into piston, piston, multi-stage telescoping; rack and pinion, etc; can be divided according to the installation form for rod, earrings, foot, hinge shaft; pressure level can be divided according to 16Mpa, 25Mpa, 31.5Mpa so on.PistonSingle rod cylinder is only one end of the piston rod. As shown is a single hydraulic cylinder piston. Both ends of the import and export of oil through ports A and B can pressure oil or oil return to two-way movement, it is known as double-acting cylinders.Only one-way movement of the piston, the opposite direction from the force required to complete. But its stroke hydraulic cylinder piston generally more big.Hydraulic cylinder piston worksHydraulic cylinder piston rod can be divided into single and double rod two structures fixed by way of fixed and fixed two cylinder piston rod, according to the role of fluid pressure in the case of a single-acting and double-acting. In a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, the pressure oil chamber is for a hydraulic cylinder, by hydraulic pressure of the cylinder to achieve a single direction of movement, the movement in the opposite direction by an external force (e.g. spring force, its own weight or external loads, etc.) to achieve; and bis acting hydraulic cylinder piston movement in both directions through the two chambers alternately into the oil, by the action of hydraulic pressure to complete.Plunger(1) piston hydraulic cylinder is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic pressure can only be achieved by a direction of movement of the plunger return to rely on other external or plunger weight;(2) does not support the piston and cylinder liner rely on contact, so that the liner easily processed, it is suitable for making long-stroke hydraulic cylinders;(3) working the plunger of the total pressure, so it must have sufficient rigidity;(4) tend to be larger piston weight, easy to sag due to its own weight when placed horizontally, causing the seal and guide unilateral wear, so the vertical use of more favorable.TelescopicTelescopic hydraulic cylinder piston has two or more stages, telescopic hydraulic cylinder piston out of style in descending order, while the load is normally retracted the order from small to large. Telescopic cylinders can achieve a longer stroke, while retraction length is shorter, more compact structure. Such cylinders commonly used in the construction machinery and agricultural machinery. There are a plurality of primary motion of the piston, each piston during successive movement, the output speed and output power are changing.SwingSwing hydraulic cylinder is an actuator output torque and to achieve a reciprocating motion, also called the swing hydraulic motor. There are two forms of single and double leaf blades. The stator is fixed to the cylinder block, and the blades and rotor are connected together. According inlet direction, will drive the rotor blades for reciprocating swing.Two . buffer deviceUsed in the hydraulic system having a hydraulic cylinder driving mechanism of a certain quality, having a large kinetic energy when the hydraulic cylinder is moved to the stroke end, the Failing deceleration process, the hydraulic cylinder piston and the cylinder head will occur mechanical impact, an impact, noise, there destructive. To mitigate and prevent such harm occurs, it can be set up in the hydraulic circuit deceleration device or in the cylinder equipped with cushioning devices.Three . ProcessingCylinder as the main components of hydraulic cylinders, single pillar mining, hydraulic support, barrel and other products, and its processing quality directly affects the entire product life and reliability. Cylinder high processing requirements, the inner surface roughness is Ra0.4 0.8 & um, concentricity, wear resistance demanding. The basic characteristics of the cylinder is the deep processing, the processing has been plagued by processing staff.Using rolling processing, leaving the surface because the surface layer of residual compressive stress, helps a closed surface microcracks, impede erosion expansion. Thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance of the surface, and can delay fatigue cracks or expanded, thus increasing the fatigue strength of the cylinder. By roll forming, cold rolling the surface layer of the hardened layer, the elastic and plastic deformation to reduce the grinding surface of the auxiliary contact, thereby improving the wear resistance of the inner wall of the cylinder, while avoiding burns caused by grinding. After rolling, the reduction of the surface roughness can be improved with the nature.Cylinder is a mechanical engineering major parts, the traditional processing methods are: Broaching cylinder - fine boring cylinder - grinding cylinder. Using rolling method is: Broaching cylinder - fine boring cylinder - rolling cylinder, step three parts, but the contrast in time: grinding cylinder about 1 m in 1-2 days, rolling cylinder 1 meter in about 10-30 minutes. Investment comparison: quilting grinder or mill (tens of thousands - millions), rolling knife (a thousand - tens of thousands). After rolling, the surface roughness of the hole by rolling before Ra3.2 6.3um buildings reduced to Ra0.4 0.8 & surface hardness um, hole by about 30%, the cylinder surface fatigue strength by 25%. If only consider the cylinder cylinder life impact, increased by 2 to 3 times rolling process is relatively boring grinding efficiency is about 3 times. The above data shows that the rolling process is efficient and can greatly improve the surface quality of the cylinder.After rolling the cylinder surface is no small sharp edge for a long time and will not damage the movement friction seals or seals, which is especially important in the hydraulic industry.Four . Diagnosis and treatment1, A malfunction or failure of the actionCauses and treatment methods are the following:(1) spool valve stuck or clogging. When the flow direction of the valve spool valve or valve stuck or clogging, hydraulic cylinders prone to malfunction or failure of the operation. You should check the oil pollution; check whether dirt or gelatinous precipitates stuck valve or blockage of the valve hole; check valve wear, cleaning, changing the system filter, cleaning the tank, replace the hydraulic medium.(2) the piston rod and cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder jammed blockage. At this point in any case manipulation, or action hydraulic cylinder does not operate even micro. Then check the piston and piston rod seal is tight, whether to enter the dirt and glial sediment: the axis of the piston rod and the cylinder is on, the wearing parts and seals if failure load carried it too great.(3) control the hydraulic system pressure is too low. Throttling resistance in the control line may be too large, improper flow regulating valve, the control pressure is inappropriate, the pressure source is disturbed. You should check the control pressure source, ensure that the pressure is adjusted to the specified value of the system.(4) in the hydraulic system into the air. Mainly because the system has a leak. You should check the hydraulic oil tank level, seals and fittings suction side of the pump, suction strainer is dirty. If so, you should add hydraulic oil, seals and fittings handle, clean or replace the coarse filter.(5) hydraulic cylinder initial slow. At lower temperatures, the hydraulic oil viscosity, poor mobility, resulting in slow hydraulic cylinder. Improvement approach is to replace the good viscosity-temperature performance of hydraulic oil at low temperatures can make use of the heater or heating oil with the machine itself to raise start-up, the system work the oil temperature should be maintained at around 40 .2, when the work can not drive the loadMainly for piston stop bit inaccurate, insufficient thrust, speed drops, job insecurity, etc. The reason is:(1) hydraulic cylinder internal leakage. Internal leakage of hydraulic cylinders including hydraulic cylinder seals, rod seals and piston seals and closures are due to wear and tear such as excessive leakage.The reason piston seal leakage and closures that seal wrinkles, squeezing, tearing, abrasion, aging, deterioration, distortion, etc., and you should be replaced with new seals.Piston seal wear is mainly due to excessive speed control valve to adjust properly, causing excessive back pressure and seal improperly installed or hydraulic oil contamination. Followed by a foreign substance enters the assembly and sealing materials is not good quality. The consequence is slow, weak, can also cause serious damage to the piston and the cylinder, a pull-cylinder phenomenon. Approach is to adjust the speed control valve, the control installation instructions shall make the necessary operations and improvements.(2) a hydraulic circuit leakage. Including valves and hydraulic piping leaks. Repair method is to check and eliminate leaking hydraulic valve connecting pipe through manipulation.(3) hydraulic oil through the relief valve bypass back to the tank. If the relief valve stuck into the dirt, so that the relief valve normally open, hydraulic oil will pass through the relief valve directly back into the tank, causing no oil into the cylinder. If the load is too large, adjust the pressure relief valve has exceeded the maximum rating, but still not the thrust hydraulic cylinder continuous action without action required. If you adjust the lower pressure, due to insufficient pressure is still not up to the required load vertebral strength, showed enough thrust. You should check and adjust the pressure relief valve.3, the piston sliding or crawlingHydraulic cylinder piston sliding or crawling make hydraulic cylinders unstable. The main reasons are:(1) internal stagnation and hydraulic cylinders. Cylinder internal parts improper assembly, parts deformation, wear or geometric tolerance overrun, the resistance movement is too large, the hydraulic cylinder piston speed varies with changes in stroke position, slippage, or crawl. Mostly due to poor quality parts assembly, surface scratches or sintered iron produced, so that the resistance increases, the rate of decline. For example: a piston rod bending and different heart or rod, the rod of the hydraulic cylinder or rail mounting position offset, seal ring fitted too tight or too loose and so on. The workaround is to re-repair or adjustment, replacement parts and remove iron damage.(2) poor lubrication or hydraulic cylinder aperture processing tolerance. Because such as the piston and cylinder, the piston rod guide and have relative motion, if poor lubrication or hydraulic cylinder aperture ultra-poor, will be increased wear, so the cylinder centerline straight decreases. Thus, when the hydraulic cylinder piston work, friction will be large, sometimes small, slip or crawl. Pre-ground approach is to exclude hydraulic cylinders, then meet the requirements of the preparation of the piston, the piston rod grinding, configuration guide sleeve.(3) the hydraulic pump or a hydraulic cylinder into the air. Air compression or expansion will cause the piston sliding or crawling. Remedy is to check the pump, set up a special exhaust, fast travel back and forth several times to exhaust the whole operation.(4) the seal of quality and is directly related to slip or crawl. O-rings when used at a low pressure, compared with the U-shaped ring, due to the higher surface pressure, the difference between static and dynamic friction large, prone to slippage or creeping; U-ring seal surface pressure with increasing pressure is increased, although the sealing effect is increased accordingly, but the difference between static and dynamic frictional resistance becomes large, the internal pressure increases, the impact of rubber elasticity, since the contact resistance is increased lip, the lip seals will rollover and elongation, also prone to slip or crawl, to prevent it tipping support ring can maintain its stability.液压缸液压缸是将液压能转变为机械能的、做直线往复运动（或摆动运动）的液压执行元件。它结构简单、工作可靠。用它来实现往复运动时，可免去减速装置，并且没有传动间隙，运动平稳，因此在各种机械的液压系统中得到广泛应用。液压缸输出力和活塞有效面积及其两边的压差成正比；液压缸基本上由缸筒和缸盖、活塞和活塞杆、密封装置、缓冲装置与排气装置组成。缓冲装置与排气装置视具体应用场合而定，其他装置则必不可少。1类型根据常用液压缸的结构形式，可将其分为三种类型：环卫垃圾车的液压缸的结构形式多种多样，其分类方法也有多种：按运动方式可分为直线往复运动式和回转摆动式；按受液压力作用情况可分为单作用式、双作用式；按结构形式可分为活塞式、柱塞式、多级伸缩套筒式；齿轮齿条式等；按安装形式可分为拉杆、耳环、底脚、铰轴等；按压力等级可分为16Mpa、25Mpa、31.5Mpa等。活塞式单活塞杆液压缸只有一端有活塞杆。如图所示是一种单活塞液压缸。其两端进出口油口A和B都可通压力油或回油，以实现双向运动，故称为双作用缸。活塞仅能单向运动，其反方向运动需由外力来完成。但其行程一般较活塞式液压缸大。活塞式液压缸的工作原理活塞式液压缸可分为单杆式和双杆式两种结构，其固定方式由缸体固定和活塞杆固定两种，按液压力的作用情况有单作用式和双作用式。在单作用式液压缸中，压力油只供液压缸的一腔，靠液压力使缸实现单方向运动，反方向运动则靠外力（如弹簧力、自重或外部载荷等）来实现；而双作用液压缸活塞两个方向的运动则通过两腔交替进油，靠液压力的作用来完成。柱塞式（1）柱塞式液压缸是一种单作用式液压缸，靠液压力只能实现一个方向的运动，柱塞回程要靠其它外力或柱塞的自重；（2）柱塞只靠缸套支承而不与缸套接触，这样缸套极易加工，故适于做长行程液压缸；（3）工作时柱塞总受压，因而它必须有足够的刚度；（4）柱塞重量往往较大，水平放置时容易因自重而下垂，造成密封件和导向单边磨损，故其垂直使用更有利。伸缩式伸缩式液压缸具有二级或多级活塞，伸缩式液压缸中活塞伸出的顺序式从大到小，而空载缩回的顺序则一般是从小到大。伸缩缸可实现较长的行程，而缩回时长度较短，结构较为紧凑。此种液压缸常用于工程机械和农业机械上。有多个一次运动的活塞，各活塞逐次运动时，其输出速度和输出力均是变化的。双作用单活塞杆式液压缸摆动式摆动式液压缸是输出扭矩并实现往复运动的执行元件，也称摆动式液压马达。有单叶片和双叶片两种形式。定子块固定在缸体上，而叶片和转子连接在一起。根据进油方向，叶片将带动转子作往复摆动。2缓冲装置在液压系统中使用液压缸驱动具有一定质量的机构，当液压缸运动至行程终点时具有较大动能，如未作减速处理，液压缸活塞与缸盖将发生机械碰撞，产生冲击、噪声，有破坏性。为缓和及防止这种危害发生，因此可在液压回路中设置减速装置或在缸体内设缓冲装置。3加工缸筒作为液压缸、矿用单体支柱、液压支架、炮管等产品的主要部件，其加工质量的好坏直接影响整个产品的寿命和可靠性。缸筒加工要求高，其内表面粗糙度要求为Ra0.40.8&um，对同轴度、耐磨性要求严格。缸筒的基本特征是深孔加工，其加工一直困扰加工人员。采用滚压加工，由于表面层留有表面残余压应力，有助于表面微小裂纹的封闭，阻碍侵蚀作用的扩展。从而提高表面抗腐蚀能力，并能延缓疲劳裂纹的产生或扩大，因而提高缸筒疲劳强度。通过滚压成型，滚压表面形成一层冷作硬化层，减少了磨削副接触表面的弹性和塑性变形，从而提高了缸筒内壁的耐磨性，同时避免了因磨削引起的烧伤。滚压后，表面粗糙度值的减小，可提高配合性质。油缸是工程机械最主要部件，传统的加工方法是：拉削缸体精镗缸体磨削缸体。采用滚压方法是：拉削缸体精镗缸体滚压缸体，工序是3部分，但时间上对比：磨削缸体1米大概在1-2天的时间，滚压缸体1米大概在10-30分钟的时间。投入对比：磨床或绗磨机（几万几百万），滚压刀（1仟几万）。滚压后，孔表面粗糙度由幢滚前Ra3.26.3um减小为Ra0.40.8&um，孔的表面硬度提高约30%，缸筒内表面疲劳强度提高25%。油缸使用寿命若只考虑缸筒影响，提高23倍，镗削滚压工艺较磨削工艺效率提高3倍左右。以上数据说明，滚压工艺是高效的，能大大提高缸筒的表面质量。油缸经过滚压后，表面没有锋利的微小刃

温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。