新视野大学英语读写教材第三册U-03A.ppt

,Unit 3 Section A,Where Principles Come First,Contents,Text Study,Lead-in,Pre-reading,Text Study,Tips,For what do you come to college?,Some may focus much of their time on academic achievement . 2) Some may build up their ability in living on their own. 3) Some may extend their talent for a specialty . 4) Some may attach more weight to the romance and pleasure.,Tips,Watch and Discuss,Directions: Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows:,Video watching,2. What do you think of your present campus life?,1. What is your ideal college like?,Key,Key,Pre-reading,On what principle does the Hyde School operate?,What is the Hyde School famous for?,What must parents do for their children to gain admission?,Who conducts faculty evaluations in the Hyde School?,Why was the first Hyde public program suspended within months?,What is the biggest obstacle for many parents?,How is the Hyde curriculum different from conventional schools that provide preparation for college?,When the Hyde Foundation opened a program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, what did the community fear?,Para. 1 The Hyde School operates on its unique principle, which has received considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters.,Para. 2 How do the school founders think of themselves.,Para. 3 The first Hyde public school program opened in September 1992, but it was suspended.,Para. 4 The Hyde Foundation opened a magnet program in Baltimore and New Haven respectively, over parents protests.,Para. 5-11 The quest for truth is also widespread at school in Connecticut. The situation of one English class has supported this outlook.,Para.12 The detailed principles of Hyde School.,Para.13 The Hyde curriculum different from conventional schools that provide preparation for college.,Para.14 Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in Hyde mixture. (accept and demonstrate, agree in writing, regional retreat, workshop, discussion groups seminar, session),Para.15 The process for public school parents is still with a lot more difficulty.,Para.16 The effect of commitment for parents.,Para.17-19 The principles are beneficial to the teachers as well as the students.,Para. 1 The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows. Hyde School founder Joseph Gauld claims success with the program at the $18,000-a-year high school in Bath, Maine, which has received considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters.,Where Principles Come First,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 2 “We dont see ourselves as a school for a type of kid,” says Malcolm Gauld, Josephs son, who graduated from Hyde and is now headmaster. “We see ourselves as preparing kids for a way of lifeby cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.”,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 3 Now, Joe Gauld is trying to spread his controversial Character First idea to public, inner-city schools willing to use the tax dollars spent on the traditional program for the new approach. The first Hyde public school program opened in September 1992. Within months the program was suspended. Teachers protested the programs demands and the strain associated with more intense work.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 4a This fall, the Hyde Foundation is scheduled to begin a preliminary public school program in Baltimore. Teachers will be trained to later work throughout the entire Baltimore system. Other US school managers are eyeing the program, too.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 4b Last fall, the Hyde Foundation opened a magnet program within a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut, over parents protests. The community feared the school would attract inner-city minority and troubled students.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 5 As in Maine, the quest for truth is also widespread at the school in Connecticut. In one English class, the 11 students spend the last five minutes in an energetic exchange evaluating their class performance for the day on a 1-10 scale.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 6 “I get a 10.” Para. 7 “I challenge that. You didnt do either your grammar or your spelling homework.” Para. 8 “OK, a seven.” Para. 9 “You ought to get a six.” Para. 10 “Wait, I put my best effort forth here.” Para. 11 “Yeah, but you didnt ask questions today.”,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 12a Explaining his approach to education, Joe Gauld says the conventional education system cannot be reformed. He notes “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”. The Hyde School assumes “every human being has a unique potential” that is based on character, not intelligence or wealth. Conscience and hard work are valued.,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,Para. 12b Success is measured by growth, not academic achievement. Students are required to take responsibility for each other. To avoid the controversy of other character programs used in US schools, Gauld says the concept of doing your best has nothing to do with forcing the students to accept a particular set of morals or religious values.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 13 The Hyde curriculum is similar to conventional schools that provide preparation for college, complete with English, history, math and science. But all students are required to take performing arts and sports, and provide a community service. For each course, students get a grade for academic achievement and for “best effort”. At Bath, 97% of the graduates attend four-year colleges.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 14a Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture. For the student to gain admission, parents also must agree to accept and demonstrate the schools philosophies and outlook. The parents agree in writing to meet monthly in one of 20 regional groups, go to a yearly three-day regional retreat, and spend at least three times a year in work-shops, discussion groups and seminars at Bath.,Text Analyzing and Reading,句型,句型,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 14b Parents of Maine students have an attendance rate of 95% in the many sessions. Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts. The biggest obstacle for many parents, they say, is to realize their own weaknesses.,句型,Para. 15 The process for public school parents is still being worked out, with a lot more difficulty because it is difficult to convince parents that it is worthwhile for them to participate. Of the 100 students enrolled in New Haven, about 30% of the parents attend special meetings. The low attendance is in spite of commitments they made at the outset of the program when Hyde officials interviewed 300 families.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 16 Once the problems are worked out, Hyde should work well in public schools, says a teacher at Bath who taught for 14 years in public schools. He is optimistic that once parents make a commitment to the program, they will be daily role models for their children, unlike parents whose children are in boarding schools.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 17a One former inner-city high school teacher who now works in the New Haven program, says teachers also benefit. “Here we really begin to focus on having a fruitful relationship with each student. Our focus is really about teacher to student and then we together deal with the. academics.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 17b In the traditional high school setting, its teacher to the material and then to the student.” The teacher-student relationship is taken even further at Hyde. Faculty evaluations are conducted by the students.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 18 Jimmy DiBattista, 19, is amazed he will graduate this May from the Bath campus and plans to attend a university. Years ago, he had seen his future as “jail, not college”. DiBattista remembers his first days at Hyde.,Text Analyzing and Reading,Para. 19 “When I came here, I insulted and cursed everybody. Every other school was, Get out, we dont want to deal with you. I came here and they said, We kind of like that spirit. We dont like it with the negative attitudes. We want to turn that spirit positive.”,Text Analyzing and Reading,新视野 大学英语,品德至上 Para. 1 海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。该校的创始人约瑟夫高尔德声称学校的教学很成功。海德中学位于缅因州巴思市，每年的学费高达1.8万美元，因其教导问题少年有方而闻名遐迩。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 2 “我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，”马尔科姆高尔德说。他是约瑟夫的儿子，毕业于海德中学，现任海德中学校长。“我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。”,新视野 大学英语,Para. 3 现在，乔高尔德（约瑟夫高尔德）正试图将他尚有争议的“品德第一”的理念向旧城区的公立学校推广。这些学校愿意将用于传统教学计划的税金用于实施这一新的教学方法。海德公立学校第一个教学计划始于1992年9月。但几个月后，该计划即告暂停。教师们对教学计划的高要求以及高强度工作所带来的压力表示抗议。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 4a 今年秋天，海德基金会计划在巴尔的摩启动初步的公立学校教学计划。教师要接受培训，以便今后能在整个巴尔的摩体系内胜任工作。美国其他学校的领导们也在关注这个教学计划。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 4b 去年秋天，在家长的一片抗议声中，海德基金会在康涅狄格州纽黑文市郊区的一所中学内启动了一个引人注目的教学计划。当地居民担心该校可能招进来旧城区的少数民族学生和问题学生。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 5 就像在缅因州那样，求真也在康涅狄格州的这所中学得到广泛推崇。在一堂英语课上，11名学生用最后的5分钟展开激烈的讨论，依照110的评分标准相互评价他们当天的课堂表现。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 6 “我得10分。” Para. 7 “我有意见。你既没做语法作业，也没做拼写练习。” Para. 8 “那好，就7分吧。” Para. 9 “你只能得6分。” Para. 10 “等等，我可是全力以赴的。” Para. 11 “是的，可你今天没提问。”,新视野 大学英语,Para. 12a 在解释自己的教育方法时，乔高尔德指出，对传统的教育体制不能只是改革。他说“无论怎样改革”，用马和马车“是改革不出汽车的”。 海德中学认为“每一个人都有自己的独特潜能”，这种潜能的基础是品格而不是智力或财富。良知和苦干受到推崇。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 12b 成功由不断进步来衡量，而不是由学习成绩来评定。学生必须相互负责。为了避免美国中学使用的其他品格培养方案所引发的争议，高尔德解释说，“全力以赴”这一概念并不是要强迫学生接受某一套道德原则或宗教观念。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 13 海德中学的课程与那些为升入大学做准备的传统学校所开设的课程相似，包括英语、历史、数学和自然科学。但所有的学生都必须选修表演艺术和体育，还要提供社区服务。在每门课程中，学生都会得到一个综合了学习成绩和“努力程度”的分数。在巴思市，97%的海德中学毕业生都升入了大学本科。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 14a 在海德中学的综合教育中，父母的参与是一个关键的组成部分。为了使孩子被该校录取，家长也必须同意接受并实践学校的思想和观点。家长们签约同意每月出席一次区域小组会议(共20个区域小组)，每年去区域休养所三天，每年至少参加三次巴思市的研修班、讨论组和研讨会。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 14b 在很多活动中，缅因州学生家长的出席率高达95%。乔和马尔科姆高尔德都说，当孩子们见到自己的父母都在全力以赴时，他们也会竭尽全力。他们说，对许多家长而言，最困难的是让他们意识到自己的不足。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 15 公立学校学生家长的活动计划仍在制定之中。这项工作的困难要大得多，因为很难使家长相信他们的参与很有价值。在纽黑文市录取的100名学生中，有30%左右的家长出席了各类特别会议。这一低出席率违背了他们在教学计划开始实施时所做的承诺，当时海德中学的官员曾与300个家庭进行了面谈。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 16 巴思市一名在公立学校教书达14年之久的教师说，一旦问题得到解决，海德教学计划就会在公立学校中获得成功。他乐观地认为，一旦家长们投入到计划当中，他们就会成为孩子们日常行为的榜样，这与寄宿学校的学生家长完全不同。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 17a 一名曾任教于旧城区学校的教师如今在从事纽黑文教学计划。他说，教师也能从中受益。“在这里，我们真正开始集中精力与每一个学生建立卓有成效的关系。我们的重点真的是先考虑师生关系，然后是师生共同探讨学业。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 17b 而在传统的中学里，是先考虑教师和教材的关系，然后再考虑师生关系。” 师生关系在海德中学被进一步深化了。对教职员工的评估由学生来进行。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 18 19岁的吉米迪巴蒂斯塔今年5月将从巴思校区毕业，并准备升入大学。对此他感到惊奇。几年前，他还觉得自己的前途“是在监狱，而不是在大学”。迪巴蒂斯塔还记得他刚到海德中学时的情景。,新视野 大学英语,Para. 19 “我来这儿时，见人就侮辱，就咒骂。其他每所学校都会说：滚出去！我们这儿不要你。我来到这儿，他们却说：我们有几分喜欢这种活力，但并不喜欢它消极的一面，我们要将它转化成积极的东西。”,The Hyde School operates on the principle that if you teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity, leadership, curiosity and concern, then academic achievement naturally follows.,海德中学的办学宗旨是：如果你向学生传授诸如求真、勇敢、正直、领导能力、好奇心和关心他人等美德的话，学生的学习成绩自然就会提高。,Back,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,Sth. operate / run on the principle that / Sb. do sth. on the principle that 某事运行某人做事遵循的原则（宗旨）是,Back,用于表述“某人某事遵循的原则”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,我们公司经营的宗旨是：人尽其才, 物尽其用。,Our company runs on the principle that full play is given to peoples talents while best use is made of material resources.,“我们并不把自己看作一所专为某一类孩子而开设的学校，” “我们把帮助孩子培养一种生活方式看作自己的职责，办法是倡导一整套能影响所有孩子的价值观念。”,Back,“We dont see ourselves as a school for a type of kid,” “We see ourselves as preparing kids for a way of lifeby cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids.”,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,Sb. dont see sth. as Sb. see sth. as 某人并不把看作，而把看作,用于强调“某人对事物的看法”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,他不把磨难看作一种不幸，而是把它视为一种磨砺意志的方式。,He doesnt see adversity as a misfortune. He sees it as a way to harden his will.,Back,他说“无论怎样改革”，用马和马车“是改革不出汽车的”。,Back,He notes “no amount of change” with the horse and carriage “will produce an automobile”.,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,No amount of change / reform with sth. will do sth. else. 无论怎样改革，用是造不出的。,用于强调“不论怎么做，对某事/人不起作用”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,无论怎样绞尽脑汁，小聪明也成不了大智慧。,No amount of change with brains will a man of trick can produce a man of great wisdom.,Back,在海德中学的综合教育中，父母的参与是一个关键的组成部分。,Back,Commitment among parents is a key ingredient in the Hyde mixture.,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,Sth. be a key ingredient in sth. else. 某物是另一物的关键组成部分。,用于强调“构成某物的要素”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,依据他的说法，诚信永远是一个和谐社会的关键组成部分。,According to what he said, honesty is always a key ingredient in a society of harmony.,Back,为了使孩子被该校录取，家长也必须同意接受并实践学校的思想和观点。,Back,For the student to gain admission, parents also must agree to accept and demonstrate the schools philosophies and outlook.,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,For sb. / sth. else to do sth., sb. must do sth. else. 为了他人/事能，某人必须做,用于强调“为成就某事某人必须要做的”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,要使自身才华派上用场，就必须知道什么才能可使你大有作为。,For your talents to come in handy, you must know what talent enables you to go far.,Back,乔和马尔科姆高尔德都说，当孩子们见到自己的父母都在全力以赴时，他们也会竭尽全力。,Back,Joe and Malcolm Gauld both say children tend to do their utmost when they see their parents making similar efforts.,原 句 译 文,逆 译 练 习,Sb. tend to do sth. when / once 当时，某人会,用于表述“某人在某种情况下的通常做法”。,产 生 式 提 炼,应 用 提 示,Back,典 型 例 句,意 群 提 示,具有钢铁般意志的人一旦确定了人生目标，就会勇往直前。,A man with a will of iron tends to push forward without hesitation once he sets a goal for his life.,Back,因某事而备受关注:,中国因成功举办奥运会而备受世人关注。,to receive considerable publicity for sth.,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,China received worldwide publicity for her success in holding the Olympic Games.,意 群 提 示,使做好准备:,在他看来，眼前的困难是专门为他应对日后的挑战而准备的。,to prepare (sb.) for,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,in ones eyes / sth. at present / be designed to / in time to come,In his eyes, the difficulty at present is designed to prepare him better for challenges in time to come.,意 群 提 示,对的追求:,他强调说，实事求是应该成为一种时代风尚。,the quest for sth.,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,He stressed that the quest for truth from facts should evolve into a vogue of the day.,意 群 提 示,全力以赴:,只有当你真的知道人生追求什么，你才会全力以赴地投入。,to put ones best effort forth do ones utmost,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,Only when you really know what you strive for in life can you put your best effort forth it.,意 群 提 示,对某事负责:,当你开始对自己的人生负起责任时，就会明白人生有多么不易。,to take responsibility for sth.,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,When you begin to take responsibility for your own life, you will grasp how hard the life is.,意 群 提 示,连同，包括，带有:,Frequent contact with people is liable to expose your merits, complete with your demerits.,complete with,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,经常和人相处，就会使你的优点连同你的缺点暴露给别人。,意 群 提 示,以签约方式同意做某事:,你们一旦签约成为生意伙伴，双方都会受法律保护。,to agree in writing to do sth.,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,do business with sb. / be under legal protection,Once you agree in writing to do business with each other, both sides will be under legal protection.,意 群 提 示,某人值得做某事:,说也奇怪，当人们意识到某事值得做时，却为时已晚。,to be worthwhile for sb. to do sth.,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,strange to say / come to the realization that / It is too late when ,Strange to say, it is already too late when one comes to realize that it is worthwhile for one to do something.,意 群 提 示,一开始:,比赛一开始，两位对手不分伯仲，但随着时间推移，胜败渐渐明朗。,at the outset of,Back,短 语 逆 译,短 语 应 用,At the outset of the contest, the two rivals were evenly matched. But with the passage of time, the outcome of the contest became clear.,意 群 提 示,Just as our ideas about an ideal college are not cut from the same cloth,