2018_2019学年高中英语Module1SmallTalk课下能力提升（四）外研版.docx

Module 1 课下能力提升（四）.阅读理解How did your friendships begin? Most start with a short conversation on a random day. Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your sore legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident.“Small talk is where all your relationships begin，” Forbes magazine summed up.The following is a fivestep guide to making small talk from Bernardo J. Carducci, the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast, US. Lets have a look.1Getting startedBegin by talking about the setting, such as the weather outside or the room you are in (“Its cold in here, isnt it？”). The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.2The personal introductionYou should mention something about yourself, such as your name. A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.3Looking for topicsAt this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things youve said or heard earlier. Dont worry if it gets quiet. The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.4Expanding the topicThe goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But dont let the other person dominate (支配) the conversation either. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.5A polite endingWhen ending a conversation, let the person know youll be leaving soon, express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say，“I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie. Heres my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”语篇解读：本文向学生介绍了如何通过聊天建立友谊的技巧。1According to the article, starting by talking about the setting is meant to _.Afind common groundBimpress the other personCmake the room louderDshow your eagerness to make a conversation解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.”可知谈论环境是一个很好的开始谈话的契机。2What is the reader advised to do when making small talk?ATurn the conversation to your advantage.BNever cut in when the other person is talking.CDo whatever you can to avoid quiet moments.DFocus on topics both sides are interested in.解析：选D推理判断题。根据文章第六段中“At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground.”可知。3When ending a conversation, youd better “_”Atalk about how much you want to keep talkingBshow that youve enjoyed the talkCmention a specific movie that you loveDgive your opinion about the other persons earlier comments解析：选B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For example, you could say，I really . you think I might enjoy.”可知。4The main purpose of the article is to _.Aencourage students to make more friends at schoolBgive students tips on making small talkCintroduce popular topics for students to have daily conversations aboutDteach students how to create their friendships 解析：选B写作意图题。根据文章第一段可知这是写给学生看的。再结合第一句话“How did your friendships begin? ”可推测作者的意图是向学生介绍如何通过聊天建立友谊的技巧。.阅读七选五Family isnt always blood. Theyre the people in your life who appreciate having you in their life. These people are the ones who truly matter. _1_Free yourself from negative people. Spend time with nice people who are smart, driven and likeminded. Relationships should help you, not hurt you. _2_ Choose friends who you are proud to know, people you admire, who love and respect you. Life is too short to spend time with people who suck happiness out of you. _3_ Being you is the only way to truly live.Show everyone kindness and respect. Treat everyone with kindness and respect, even those who are rude to you not because they are nice, but because you are. _4_ Treat everyone with the same level of respect you would give to your grandfather and the same level of patience you would have with your baby brother. People will notice your kindness._5_ In most eases its impossible to change them anyway, and its rude to try. So save yourself from needless stress. Instead of trying to change others, give them your support and lead by example.AAccept people just the way they are.BSurround yourself with people who reflect the person you want to be.CWhen you free yourself from negative people, you free yourself to be you.DTrue friends should make your day a little brighter.EThere are no boundaries or classes that define a group of people that deserve to be respected.FRemember: only make friends with outgoing people and stay away from those who dont respect you.GHere are some tips to help you find and foster these special relationships.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了养成良好的关系的三条建议。1解析：选G空处起承上启下的过渡作用，为读者提出培养人际关系的建议，故G项正确。2解析：选B根据空前的“Relationships should help you, not hurt you”和空后的“Choose friends who you are . respect you”可知，应选B“让你的周围满是你以后想要成为的那种人”，强调你所培养的这种关系积极的方面。3解析：选C空后一句“Being you is the only way to truly live”与C项中的“free yourself to be you”相对应，故选C。4解析：选E本段的主题句“Show everyone kindness and respect”与E项中的“a group of people that deserve to be respected”相对应，且由空后的“Treat everyone with the same level of respect . of patience”可知，选E项，说明世上没有界限或等级去定义哪一部分人值得尊重，因此你要同等对待别人。5解析：选A分析文章结构可知，空处是本段的主题句。根据下文中的“在大多数情况下，要改变他们是不可能的”和“不要试图改变别人，而要给他们支持和榜样的引领”可知，选A项“接受他们现在的样子”。.完形填空In the past, boredom was just part of life. You didnt have a phone to _1_ you in the car. You sat in the back seat and stared out of the window. But today, boredom is easy to _2_. You can fill _3_ time with apps, Xboxes and computers.In fact, being bored can get you into real _4_.Boredom can lead to worry (Should I be doing something？). It can lead to bad _5_ (Ill ride my bike down the stairs what could go wrong？). People who are bored may _6_ be more likely to abuse (滥用) alcohol or drugs.According to some experts, however, it turns out boredom can be _7_ for you. Why? It has to do with the _8_，which has two ways of paying attention.The first way of paying attention is what helps you with whats _9_ around you. It helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends. Thats the part of the brain you use _10_ you text, play games and watch TV.The other way of paying attention helps you think about how you _11_. It helps you sort out your feelings about a fight with your brother. It helps you _12_ the joy of baking cookies with your grandma. Thats the part of the brain you use to be _13_，daydream and imagine your future.But these two parts of your brain cant both _14_ at the same time.So what happens if youre always _15_？ Youll only use the first part of your brain. Youll _16_ use the thoughtful part. If this part of your brain doesnt work well, you may not know what you really feel. You can be _17_ of what you really want.Thats why its _18_ to learn to be bored. Being able to do _19_ happily is an important skill. Its something you have to practice, _20_ it will feel much more rewarding (有益的) than computer games.语篇解读：无聊时人们常会无所事事，会陷入到纠结痛苦中。但科学家发现，事实并非如此，无聊也可能对人体产生益处。1A.educateBsupportChelp Dentertain解析：选D过去没有手机，无聊的你坐在车里无法“娱乐(entertain)”自己，只能呆呆望着窗外。2A.have BavoidCstart Dforget解析：选B相较于过去没有手机玩，如今的人们很容易“避免(avoid)”无聊。3A.long BspareClimited Dlocal解析：选B人们是通过玩手机、打游戏来填补“空闲(spare)”时间。4A.pain BbusinessCtrouble Dchallenge解析：选C由下文列举无聊会使人烦恼、使一些人酗酒或吸毒可知，处于无聊状态会让人陷入真正的“麻烦(trouble)”。5A.situations BconcernsCdecisions Dperformances解析：选C由下文中的例子“Ill ride my bike down the stairs what could go wrong？”可知，无聊会导致人们做出糟糕的“决定(decisions)”。6A.just BevenCstill Donly解析：选B“无聊会使人烦恼、使人做出糟糕决定”和“人无聊时可能会酗酒或吸毒”之间是递进关系，故选even。7A.fit BgoodChard Dsimple解析：选B由however一词和下文作者通过科学的解释说明享受无聊的重要性可知，无聊对人体“有益(good)”。8A.habit BheartCbrain Dlife解析：选C由下文介绍人体集中注意力的两种方式以及多次出现的brain可知，无聊与人体的“大脑(brain)”有关。9A.continuing BdisappearingChiding Dhappening解析：选D由下文的“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，大脑集中注意力的一种方式是帮助你应对身边“正在发生(happening)”的事，这正是“当(when)”你发短信、玩游戏和看电视时所用的那部分大脑。10A.when BsinceCbefore Dthough解析：选A解析见上题。11A.react BspeakCfeel Drelax解析：选C由下文的“helps you sort out your feelings”和“helps you _ the joy of .”可知，大脑集中注意力的另一种方式是让你面对某事时思考自己的“感受(feel)”。12A.tell BlearnCexplain Dremember解析：选D“回忆(remember)”与祖母一起烘焙时的快乐是大脑思考如何感受的结果。13A.active BcreativeCattractive Dcompetitive解析：选B由下文的“the thoughtful part”可知，“有创造力(creative)”与做白日梦、幻想未来一样都是需要大脑进行思考的。14A.exist BworkCspread Dmove解析：选B由下文的“Youll only use the first part of your brain . the thoughtful part . doesnt work”可知，大脑用来管理做事情和思考事情的两部分不会同时“工作(work)”。15A.free BrealCbusy Dnormal解析：选C由上文介绍大脑用来管理做事情的部分“helps you listen to your teacher, catch a ball, and joke with your friends”可知，这部分大脑会在人“忙碌(busy)”时工作，此时大脑管理思考的那部分是“绝不会(never)”被使用的。16A.always BeverCnever Donce解析：选C解析见上题。17A.shy BunsureCtired Dcareful解析：选B由上文的“you may not know what you really feel”可知，当你不知道你真正的感受时，也就“不确信(unsure)”你到底想要什么。18A.ordinary BimpossibleCdifficult Dimportant解析：选D由上文作者通过科学解释大脑的不同功能和下文的“an important skill”可知，无聊时的思考与大脑管理思考的那部分有关，因此学会无聊是非常“重要的(important)”。19A.nothing BsomethingCeverything Danything解析：选A由上文的“learn to be bored”可知，能够开心地“什么都不做(nothing)”是一种重要的技能。20A.so BbutCor Dif解析：选B“学会开心地无所事事是需要练习的”和“这比电脑游戏更加有益”之间是转折关系，故选but。.语法填空Here _1_ (be) some ways to start talking.Find common ground. Anything that the person can relate to and that establishes a connection can _2_ (consider) common ground, such as the weather.Involve the other person. Now that youve established common ground, its time to involve the other person and get him talking by asking him to reveal some information about _3_ (he). Dont ask anything too _4_ (person), like asking about the persons health, religion, or political views. Just keep it light and fun and ask openended questions about the persons interests, job, or _5_ (surrounding)Follow up with a question or a statement. The persons response will influence whether you follow up with a question, a statement, or a joke. Try to find a balance between questions _6_ statements. Too many questions will make the person feel like hes being interrogated (质问), and too many statements wont give the person room _7_ (talk)Take the time to listen. _8_ (real) listening to things _9_ the person says can make the speaker feel pleased and like to speak more. It also helps you find new common ground and guide the conversation _10_ a more fun or productive direction.语篇解读：本文就怎样发起聊天提供了方法。1are设空处描述的是一般事实，且由“some ways”可知，谓语应用复数形式，故填are。2be considered主语Anything与consider之间是被动关系，且设空处前面有情态动词can，故填be considered。3himself由“get him talking by asking him to reveal some information”可知，设空处所在句表述的是说话者谈论自己的信息，故填himself。4personal由下文的“the persons health, religion, or political views”可知，设空处表述的是不要问太多私人的