气候变化climatechange.ppt

,Climate,Change,DEFINITION,Climate change, mainly in three areas: Global Warming Acid Deposition Ozone Depletion,REASONS,1.(1)The change of solar radiation：It is caused by the change of sun energy outputs and orbit variation。The earth goes round the sun orbit change having three species regularity，,firstly, the orbit change from ellipse into circle the cycle is 1 million year；secondly, Obliquity of the ecliptic is changed between21.624.5,the cycle is forty one thousand year；thirdly, the Perihelion time is changed every 23000 years.,(2)Volcanic eruption: when the volcano erupt, it product a lot of sulfide ,like SO2 ,SO3 .These gas cause the acid rain. (3)the influence of Cosmic: It changes the way of making cloud. If the cosmic rays change the routine, the cloud will become less.,2. Anthropogenic factors are human activities that change the environment. In some cases the chain of causality of human influence on the climate is direct and unambiguous (for example, the effects of irrigation on local humidity), while in other instances it is less clear. Various hypotheses for human-induced climate change have been argued for many years. Presently the scientific consensus on climate change is that human activity is very likely the cause for the rapid increase in global average temperatures over the past several decades. Consequently, the debate has largely shifted onto ways to reduce further,human impact and to find ways to adapt to change that has already occurred. Of most concern in these anthropogenic factors is the increase in CO2 levels due to emissions from fossil fuel combustion, followed by aerosols (particulate matter in the atmosphere) and cement manufacture. Other factors, including land use, ozone depletion, animal agriculture and deforestation, are also of concern in the roles they play - both separately and in conjunction with other factors - in affecting climate, microclimate, and measures of climate variables. The mainly greenhouse gas is carbon dioxide.,(1)Cut trees ,destroy many forest and many grasslands become desert: as many trees were cut, the carbon dioxide cant be absorbed and the global will become warmer: (2)Freon using and Ozone Depletion: the Freon destroys the ozonosphere. The ozonosphere can reduce solar radiation enter the atmosphere. Now as the ozonosphere is broken, more solar radiation reach earth. (3)The water reducing: water can absorb carbon dioxide. (4)The factory release poison gas to the air: (5)The car release waste gas, like CO2, CO, CH4:,(6) A increasing population factor: in recent years the population explosion is one of the major factors of the climate warming . At the same time, this is also a serious threat to the natural ecological environment in the balance. Too many people, only its carbon dioxide emissions each year would be a remarkable figures, the outcome will directly report of the atmosphere of carbon dioxide content of a constantly increasing, this form of carbon dioxide “greenhouse effect to the earths surface is a direct impact on climate change (7) Nuclear leak,INFLUENCE,1 Global warming Melting Himalayan glaciers, the water ran out of human 2 The extreme weather Snow, storm, flood, drought, hail, lightning, typhoon . . Extreme climate anomalies in recent years, frequently visited the earth,these are great with the background of global climate change. 3 Species extinction “Most of the earths endangered species - about 25% of mammals and 12% of the birds - may become extinct in decades. This is due to climate change, they affect the forest habitat, wetlands and pastures, and human development has also hampered their migration to other places. “ the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change.,4 Sea-level rise The past 30 years, the overall increase in Chinas coastal sea level by 90 mm, faster than the global average. 5 The food production Global warming, higher temperatures will lead to agricultural diseases, pests and weeds the incidence of regional expansion, extended damage, crop damage was certainly increased, thereby increasing the amount of agriculture and herbicide application. In addition, global warming will exacerbate the instability of agricultural water resources and supply and demand. In short, global warming will seriously affect Chinas long-term food security. March 2007, year-round spring resort suffered a severe drought in Hainan invasion. As of early April, Hainan Province, an area of 154.9 hectares of crops affected by drought; 415 reservoirs dried up, drinking water problems occur because of drought in a population of 19.99 million 6 Air pollution,COMMON DEALS,Deals with the climatic change, our country takes the sustainable development path steadfastly, depends upon the development to solve the problem throughout. Jie Zhenhua said that next stage, while continues which pays special attention to the program, country to carry out, our country will also formulate the climatize change national strategy, deals with the climatic change to integrate to the national economy and in the social development plan. The government will synthesize methods and so on utilization economy, science and technology, law, administration, strengthens the legal system and the system mechanism construction, strengthens the climatize change ability and the strengthening deals with the climatic change synthesizing capacity.,1 Strengthens the climatic change research which most will occur in the future possibly. Will further warm up in the whole world under the situation to study our country in the future the most possible regional climate change tendency, will provide the forward-looking basic research for the national medium and long-term development project. 2 We should also study other climatic change which each kind of possibility occurs; Draws up climate scene counter measures which each kind of possibility occurs. Specially cannot neglect these to have the probability to be small, but to the human society, the ecology, the economic impact huge phenomenon and has the probability along with the time variation rule. 3 In view of the fact that human activitys adaptation change and with the climatic change the interaction, every other 3-5 years carries out the above forecast research unceasingly. May profit from the IPCC appraisal process. But the IPCC report more is emphasizes , but has neglected . 4 We should pay great attention specially about the regional anomaly or the violent weather phenomena climatic change (climatic extremes) studies, directly and through occurs partially intensely because of climatic changes influence the violent weather phenomena realizes.,5 We must carry out the related research with multi-social stratum policy-maker close contacting, stressed that the related domain the cooperation research, by serves directly national and the profession development decision-making. This is also safeguards the climatic change science to be able to serve truly in the society and earns the lasting support the way that must be taken. (1) Adhere to the sustainable development strategy, the state should shoulder the positive response to global warming, the important task of protecting the world environment (2) Actively carry out the “energy saving“, adjust the industrial structure, eliminating or improving the backward industry, production capacity, improve resource and energy use efficiency, reduce titanium dioxide emissions. (3) Increase research support, and encourage scientific research institutions, universities and enterprises to develop new energy, new materials, new technologies to cope with the increasing depletion of energy resources, brought about development issues. Countries to increase investment in this area, and efforts to promote the transformation of research results. (4) Carry on the nationwide environmental education, promote the formation of the community, “love me the earth, ecological protection,“ the good will, and this willingness into action.,SPECIAL MAJOR SOLUTIONS,1. Man-made volcano Man-made volcano is a potential solution is called “man made volcano“, is about to spray sulfur particles into the upper atmosphere.,2. Desert afforestation Experts say, the desert afforestation may be able to absorb more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, the geo-engineering ideas have been rolling desert trees can block the expansion, but also to absorb carbon dioxide Rooted in Africa. For example, 13 African countries are to establish a “Green Great Wall“ in the hope that the trees in preventing the expansion of the Sahara desert, while absorbing more carbon dioxide. “Sahara Forest Plan,“ the organizers plan in renewable energy facilities along the afforestation of these facilities around the world specifically designed for desert areas.,3. Biochar In addition to absorbing carbon dioxide, biological carbon also improve soil quality benefits.,4. Seaweed farms,5. Made the cloud ship,6. The white roof Acording to scientists, if the roof painted white, such as photographs of these houses built in Hamilton, Bermuda, they can reflect more the roof painted white The sun, this may be the easiest solution to climate change geoengineering one of the options.,7. Sprinkle iron to the ocean experts The artificial spread of iron to the ocean called phytoplankton, can stimulate the growth of tiny marine plants, marine plants which can absorb carbon dioxide. July 23, 2009 morning, a heavy rainfall caused the history of Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefectu