常用同根异义词辨析.ppt

常用同根异义词辨析,练习详解,character, characteristic,character：“品质，本性，品德” ，做不可数名词 characteristic：“特征，个性”，可数名词 e.g. All these are characteristics of imperialism. That is the Swiss national character.,compare, comparable, comparative,compare: 比较，对比 comparable:”可比较的,适合相比的” 常与to连用 comparative:比较的,相对的 e.g. This dinner is comparable to the best French cooking. If you compare their work, you will find his is much better.,comprehend, comprehensive, comprehensive,comprehend: 领会，理解 comprehensive:全面的,综合的 comprehensible:“可以理解的”常与to连用 e.g. It is not comprehensible to ordinary minds. She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject. I cant comprehend how you could have been so stupid.,concern, concerned, concerning,concern: 作为动词“涉及,有关,关心,担心” concerned:形容词，作前置定语“关切的”，作后置定语“有关的” concerning : 介词，等同于regarding, considering e.g. The speech which he made concerning the project has bothered me greatly. Our losses are beginning to concern me.,confide, confidence, confident,confide: “吐露”，与介词in连用, 意思“充分信赖” confidence:信任,信心 confident:确信的,有信心的,自信的 词组搭配： in confidence: 私下地,秘密地 take into ones confidence: 把 作为知己 e.g. We need a chairman in whom everyone has confidence. There is no one here I can confide in.,continue, continual, continuous,continue: 继续 continual :“不停的, 频频的”，强调重复或持续发生，但中间有间断 continuous: “连续不断的”，所表示的连续暗含中间绝对没有间断 e.g. Our journey was slow because the train stopped continually at different village. Wet weather may continue for a few more days.,consider, considerable, considerate, consideration , concerning,consider：考虑，把当作 considerable :相当大的,相当多的 considerate: “体贴的,体谅的”等同于thoughtful be considerate of :为着想, 考虑到 consideration:名词，“考虑, 深思, 体谅” take into consideration : 考虑到, 顾及 considering :介词，“鉴于” e.g. These books were very dear to him and he bought them at considerable expense when he was studying abroad.,differ, different, differential,differ: 不同，不一样 different:“差异的,不同的”，短语为 “be different from” differential :有区别的,鉴别性的 e.g. They pay differential rents according to their income. The brothers differ widely in their tastes.,distinct, distinctive,distinct：指人表示思想，概念清楚明白；指物表示容易让人看到或感受到 distinctive :指有特色的，特殊的 e.g. He could not give a distinct explanation of his intention. Soldiers wear distinctive uniforms.,distinguish, distinguished, distinguishable,distinguish: 区别，辨别 distinguished:著名的 杰出的 卓越的 distinguishable:看得清楚的 区分得开的 e.g. I think gray hair makes you look rather distinguished. Tom is hardly distinguishable from his twin brother. Speech distinguishes human beings from the animals.,economy, economic, economical, economics,economy: 经济，节约，节省 economic:经济的 经济上的 economical:指“节约的，节俭的”，多指费用或开支上的节省，常做表语或定语，当表节省的具体内容时，其后用of 连接。 economics:经济学 e.g. The car is quite economical of petrol. It seems to me that much of her difficulties are economic.,worth, worthy, worthwhile,worth :值得的,拥有价值的 worthy:值得注意的,值得尊敬的 worthwhile:值得做的 辨析 : worth不可做定语,worthy和worthwhile可做定语,但worthy还有 “配得上,可尊敬”之意。三个词都可作表语,但worth后接动名词,价钱或代价等类似的词,其他两个则无此用法。worth接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义;worthy of 根据需要可接动名词的被动式,worthy和worthwhile都可接动词不定式 。 e.g. The film is worth seeing. The factor is worthy to be considered. This story is hardly worthy of belief. It isnt worthwhile to ask him to join the club. The old book is worth 300 dollars.,history, historic, historical,history: 历史 historic :“具有历史意义的，历史性的”，指famous or important in history,如a historic occasion 具有重大历史意义的场合 historical :“历史上的，史学的”, 指based on history 或involving history 与历史有关的，属于过去的，如a historical novel 历史小说, historical studies 史学研究。,illustrate, illustrative, illustrious,illustrate: 作插图，图表，作例证 illustrative :解说性的，说明性的 illustrious:著名的，杰出的 e.g. These words should be given with illustrative examples. Hercules was one of the most illustrious heroes of ancient times. This behavior illustrates your selflessness.,imagine, imaginary, imaginative, imaginable,imagine:想象，设想 imaginary:虚构的，假想的，不真实的 imaginative: 富有想象力的，爱想象的 imaginable :可想象的，想象得到的 e.g. He had suffered all his life from imaginary ailments. We had the greatest difficulty imaginable getting here in time. He is an imaginative writer.,just, justified, justice,just :形容词“正义的 公正的 ”，副词“仅仅 只是 勉强地” justified:“有正当理由的 事出有因的”，常用短语为“be justified in ” Justice :名词 “正义 公正 ”，常用短语为do justice to “公平地对待，公正地判断,”bring to justice “把交付审判，公正地评判” e.g. John just managed to pass the exam. He is fully justified in doing so. To do her justice , she is a good-natured woman.,live, alive, living, lively,live:作形容词，“活的 ，有生命的”，一般作定语。此外，还有“现场的，直播的”意思。e.g. “The cat is playing with a live mouse.” alive :“活的，有生命的”，一般作表语。如“His parents are still alive .” living :活着的，尤指现存的，既可作定语，也可作表语，如“living creature ”或“He is still living ” lively :充满活力的，活泼的，逼真的。 e.g. She is as lively as a kitten.,oblige, obliged, obliging, obligatory,oblige: 强迫，要求 obliged :感激的，感谢的 obliging:愿意帮助的 obligatory :必须的，强制性的 e.g. I am obliged to you for helping us. Serving in the armed force is not obligatory for women. The law obliges parents to send their children to school.,perish, perished, perishable, perishing,perish;死亡，腐烂 perished :“极不适，极难受”，常构成“be perished with ” perishable:易腐的，易坏的 perishing : 极冷的 e.g. Perishable food should be stored in a refrigerator. It is perishing out there. Thousands of peopl