英语写作教程--怎样展开段落.ppt

WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,怎样展开段落,英语提高班写作教程（4）,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,段落展开的方法,段落展开的方法很多， 最常用的方法有举例子、比较法、分类法、因果法、定义法等。 不管采用何种方法，其内容必须于主题句或核心有关，否则就删除。,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,举例法：确定主题以后，以举例的方法展开段落是最简洁方便的方法，一般段落的主题比较抽象、概括， 用举例法的方法对主题句进行解释说明十分必要。 举例常用的衔接词包括：for example, for instance, in illustration of, by way of examples, such as, be a case in point, take an example, I cant find a better example than,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Our quality that makes the difference between a man of excellence and a man of average performance is how odd moments are handled. The men who have achieved great success are, with no exception, the men who have utilized their odd moments wisely. Thomas Edison worked out many inventions between messages when he was a telegraph operator on a small salary.Harriet Beecher Stowe, a mother of six children, wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin on sheets of butchers paper while she was cooking the roast. They all managed, in a hundred different ways, to put the normally wasted hours to an infinitely richer and more rewarding use.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Its possble to build up confidence in oneself by having the right attitude towards ones own ability. The story of Partyka emerges as a vivid example to prove this point. She is a famous table tennis player. Unfortunately she was born without a right forarm. Her regular games with normal players didnt give her much time to feel sorry for herself. Thus she gain confidence gradually. （by students）,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,试用举例法展开下列主题,Nowadays, computer has found its wide application in many areas. It is not only used in calculation, but also in an engineering project, designing, language learning, etc. In todays society, computers can be seen working for us almost everywhere, in shops, banks, post offices, hospitals and so on. Computers have been entered most families. Children can learn various subjects on computer, and parents can enjoy some entertainment from the computer too.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,根据下面短文的举例， 总结其主题,_. Not only have knowledge and facilities improved but medical services are also available to more people than ever before. Many countries, for example, have national health system which provide free treatment for the whole population. In addition to this, people have become more aware of the importance of staying healthy. As a result, they take greater care of themselves and thus avoided many fatal illness and diseases.,Health condition have improved a lot,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,比较、对比法,用比较法展开段落时， 主要是将两个两个或者两个以上的人物、事物、地点、思想、观点的共同点进行比较。对比又称对照，主要指出他们的不同点。主要的衔接词有： Equally, likewise, also, both, as well as, in the same way, similarly, in a similar manner, in a like manner， yet, however, after all, in constrast, on the contrary, although this may be true, in constrast to, on the other hand, at the same time, in spite of.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Canada and United States have some similarities. They are both large countries and were once British colonies. They are each industrilized, with a wide ragne of heavy and light manufacturing plants.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor and industrialist, was man of many contrasts. He was a son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with love of literature; an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He ,ade a fortune but lived a simple life, and although cheerful in company he was often sad in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or a family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. World famous for his works, he was never personally well known, for he thoughout his life avoided publicity, but since his death his name has brought fame and glory to others.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,_. Dogs are messy and do not clean themselves. They eat too much food, and require too much care. Besides, dogs, jump on people, and knock over furniture. Cats on the other hand, are clean and tidy. They eat sparingly, and take care of themselves. Cats are usually well-mannered pets.,Cats make better pets than dogs,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,试用对比法展开下列主题,Reading is a better way of recreation than watching TV. (learn to write, think more, imagine, intelligently, more active, easier, quik, comfortable, lazy, passive, illiterate. ),WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,定义法,定义法就是通过阐明某事物的性质和特征来展开段落。 Confidence is a feeling，an inner fire and an outer radiance, a basic satisfaction，with what one is plus a reaching out to become more.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,分类法,就是把要阐述的内容按其属性的不同分门别类、分层次地表达清楚。使用这种方法可使文章层次分明，表达清楚，逻辑性强。,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,As far as political views are concerned, people fall into three categories. First is the conservative peole. Conservatives are opposed to sudden or great changes. As long as they are comfortable, they want to keep things as what they are. Second is the liberal people. Theses people are in favor of progress and reform. But their opinions often seem too idealistic. The third type is the moderate people. The moderates keep everything within a reasonable limits. They are more practical in this hard world.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,因果法,Why one word can bring such pleasure? A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits. Shes not much of a liguists, but she knows how to say the world “beautiful” in several languages. She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family. This ability has earned her friends all over the world.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,_ The people I work with are friendly and helpful. The job enables me to travel quite a lot both in this country and occasionally abroad. Although it is not terribly well paid, its not too stressful and holidays are good. This means that I have both the free time and the energy to enjoy lots of interesting hobbies.,I like my job,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,分类法、因果法,Why do people often feel frustrated even though they are capable of doing something? There are two reasons for lack of confidence, but in general, they come down to two major ones. The first reason is that some people tend to doubt themselves. Without a correct estimate of their own abilities, they couldnt have a sufficient faith in dealing with frustrations. The other reason is that some people overestimate their difficulties.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Youth,Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. this often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years .We grow old by deserting our ideals.,WWW.THEMEGALLEY.COM,Years ma