必修1Unit2学案

Unit 2 English around the world（必修1）单元学习目标1. Talk about English language, its development and different kinds of English.2. Deal with expressing language difficulties in communication.3. Learn to use reported requests and commands.4. Learn to prepare a composition and write a passage about experience of English learning.5. Improve the students listening ability.Period 1 Warming-up & ReadingWarming upStep I. Small Quiz.(Lets do a small quiz to distinguish the national flags of different countries, and find out the languages spoken in these countries.)Step II. Ask and answer1. How many years have you learnt English?2. Do you like learning English? Why?3. What do you find difficult in learning English?4. Do you think English spoken all around the world are all the same?Step III. Exercises1. Read the passage in warming up and finish the exercises.(When you head two native speakers of English, they may still not speak the same kind of English.)2. Match the words that have the same meaning.1. petrol A. eraser2. flat B. gas3. color C. apartment4. lift D. elevator5. rubber E. honour6. pictures F. subway7. underground G. movies8. honor H. colourReading English around the WorldStep I Pre-reading1.Can you name some countries in which English is spoken?2.Do you think the English spoken all around the world are all the same?Step II Fast-reading1.Choose the correct explanation for the words 1. actually A. for example 2. elevator B. a set of rooms for living in 3. native English speaker C. really; in fact 4. come up to a place D. a machine for moving people or things up and down 5. such as E. People who has spoken English since birth 6. apartment F. visit a place 7 usage. G. have a part in 8. play a role in H. the way that words are used in a language 2.Answer the questions:1) When did English begin to be spoken in many other countries? 2)Which country has the largest number of English learners in the world?3.Read quickly to get the main idea of the text.Paragraph 1: Paragraph 2: Paragraph 3-4: Paragraph 5:Detailed-readingI.Choose the correct answers.1. English has/had the most speakers _. A. now B. when the British ruled many parts of the world C. in the time of Shakespeare D. in the 12th century2. Which of the following statements is true?A. Languages always stay the same B. Languages changes only after warsC. Languages no longer changeD. Languages change when cultures change3. From AD450 to 1150, English sounded more like _A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian 4. Shakespeares English was spoken around _. A. 1400s B. 1150s C. 450s D. 1600s 5. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers.A. Australia B. China C. India D. Britain II. Fill in the form AD450-1150English was based on _ _English was more like French. At the end of the 16th centuryHow many people speak English? _ _Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary. _American English gained its own identity. Later _ English had its identity. Post Reading:Read aloud and fill in the blanks.At the end of the 16th century, about seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in _. As people from England started _ to other parts of the world , English began to be _ in many other countries. Now more people speak English than ever_. _English speakers can understand each other even _they dont speak _same kind of English. _, they may not be able to understand everything. All languages change when _ communicate with each other. Now American English and Australian English have their own_. English is also spoken in many other countries in Africa and_, such_ South Africa, Indian, Singapore and Malaysia. Today the number of the people in China _ increasing _. In future Chinese English will become one of the world Englishes.Period 2 Language Points单词学习1、 voyage n C航行，航海Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that , English began to be spoken in many other countries. 自我观察 He took a voyage to study plants on that island. 他航海去那个岛上研究植物。探究拓展 voyage，名词，常构成短语make或take a voyage/voyages，on voyage意为在航海中。潜心辨析 voyage，journey，travel，tour，trip (1)voyage主要指“乘船作水上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行”。 (2)journey应用范围很广，指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”， 一般来说，它着重指“长距离的陆上旅行”。 (3)travel(n.)习惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地，表示旅行的路途远，时间长。此外，travel 还可以作动词用。 (4)tour指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”，常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意 思。 (5)trip为一般用语，指“任何方式的、从事业务或游览的旅行”，往往着重于“短途旅 行”，在口语中，可与journey互换。 (1)他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。 He decided to make a journey to New York by air. (2)在航行中他晕船了。 He got seasick on. (3)他要周游全球。 He is going to make a roundtheworld tour. (4)马可波罗游记是我读过的最有意思的书。 The Travels of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read. (5)因为暴风雪，旅行取消了。 This trip was cancelled because of the snowstorm.牛刀小试He decided to make a _ to New York by air. 他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。He got seasickon _ . 在航行中他晕船了。He is going to make a round-the-world_.他要周游世界。The _ of Marco polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.马可波罗游记是我读过的最有趣的书。This _ was cancelled because of the snowstorm.由于暴风雪，行程取消了。2.actually adv. 实际上，事实上（=in fact）自我观察 Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other . 事实上不同的文化交流渗透时，所有语言都会变化发展。Believe it or not，he actually won. 信不信由你，他真赢了。探究拓展in actual factas a matter of factin realityin factactual 是形容词，意为“实际的”。牛刀小试He boasted of his skill and patience in educating his children, but _ he often scolds and punishes them for no good reason.A. actually B. really C. fortunately D. likelyWhat do you think of my new T-shirt? Its _ beautiful!A. certainly B. fairly C. actually D. GraduallyThe change was so _ that we hardly noticed it.A. actualB. actually C. gradualD. graduallyThe tree looks high and strong but _ its trunk is hollow . 这棵树看上去又高又壮，实际上树干是空的。3.native n.本地人；本国人adj.本国的；本地的自我观察与归纳Are you a native here,or just a visitor?你是本地人,还是游客?The kangaroo is a native of Australia.袋鼠是澳大利亚的本土动物。Their native language is Russian.他们的母语是俄语。He has been away from his native Poland for three years.他离开故土波兰已有三年了。探究拓展：be native to原产于。例如:Silk is native to Ancient China.丝绸原产于古代中国。牛刀小试(1)他回到了故乡,很高兴。He was happy to_.(2)教授着手研究当地居民的生活习惯。The professor set to study_.(3)大熊猫是中国特有的动物。The giant panda_China.4.present adj.现在的；出席的；到场的自我观察与归纳Im not at all satisfied with the present situation.我对目前的情况一点都不满意。How many people were present at the meeting?到会的有多少人?Present at the meeting were my parents.出席会议的还有我的父母。探究拓展(1)present的其他用法:vt.赠送;提交;呈现;介绍。例如:They presented him with a bunch of flowers.他们献给他一束鲜花。He had to present a smiling face though heavy-hearted.虽然忧心忡忡,但他还得露出一副笑容。n.礼物。例如:He often gave his neighbors kids little presents.他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。探究拓展at present 现在;目前for the present 眼前;暂时be present to出现在面前live in the present顺应当前形势,只顾眼前up to/until the present直到现在be present at 出席be present from 缺席牛刀小试(1)We learn from the past,experience the present and hope for success in the future.(2)很抱歉,我现在帮不了你实在太忙了。(3)Ive got enough money for the present,but I must go to the bank tomorrow.(4)他们献花给老师。(5) All the people _ at the party were his supporters.A. present B. thankful C. interested D. importantHello! Is Mr. John in the office?Yes. But Im sorry. He is busy _ and cant speak to you. A. at onceB. at presentC. at the endD. at first5.latter adj.后半的，（两者中）后者的自我观察 The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. 后者体现了美式英语的不同特色。 Jane and Mary are good friends；the former is a teacher，and the latter is a nurse.简和玛丽是好友，前者是老师，后者是护士。探究拓展late迟的，晚的；表示比某一时刻晚，反义词是early。later 是late的比较级，也可单独作副词用，意为“以后，后来：。latest 是late的最高级，表示“最近的，最新的“。latter 是late的比较级，表示“后面的，（两者中）后者的，较后的。lately 意为“近来地”。与recently有相同意思。牛刀小试Of the two，_is better than _ .两者中，后者比前者更佳。Ihavent seen him _.A. late B. latest C. lately D. laterOf the two examles he presents in the report, the _ is more reliable and worthy of being accepted.A. later B. latter C. late D. lately6.identity n.本身；本体；身份自我观察His drivers license proved his identity.他的驾驶执照证明了他的身份。The police are still uncertain of the murderers identity.警察尚未证实杀人犯的身份。探究拓展identification n.识别,身份证明identify vt.鉴定,识别identical adj.同一的,同样的。例如:His only means of identification was his passport.他惟一证明身份的证件就是他的护照。I cannot identify this signature.我认不出这是谁的签字。The two words are identical in meaning.这两个字的字义完全一样。牛刀小试identity/identical/identify/identification(1)This is the_hotel we stayed at last year.(2)The_of the murdered man has not yet been found out.(3)The study of fingerprints is considered as an important method of_.(4)Can you_your brother in this picture?Nobody knows the man killed in the accident, so it is difficult for the police to find out his _.A. thoughtB. heightC. weightD. identity词组学习1. more than one意为“不止一个”，虽然在意义上表示复数，但作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数，与many a(许多)用法一样；如果more修饰复数可数名词再跟than one作主语时，其谓语动词则要用复数。自我观察：More than one member has protested against the proposal. 不止一个成员反对这个建议。More than one person has been concerned in this.这里面涉及的不仅是一个人。More persons than one have been involved.涉及的不仅仅是一个人。探究拓展“more than+ adj.”意为“很；非常”。在“more . than .”中，肯定“more”后面的，而否定“than”后面的，意为“是而不是”或者“与其不如”。“more than . can/could”是英语里的一个常见结构，可把more than理解为not,表示否定，该结构意为“非所能；是所不能；不是所能”。more often than not 经常；往往In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科学实验时，对待仪器必须非常小心才行。If you tell your father what you have done, he will be more than a little angry. 如果你把所做的事情告诉你父亲，他会非常生气的。Catherine is more diligent than intelligent.与其说凯瑟琳聪明，不如说她勤奋。 牛刀小试完成句子当我的老朋友布莱恩怂恿我抽一支烟时，我可再也熬不住了。When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was .可能的解释不止一个。There is .单选题More than one _ the people heart and soul.A. officials has served B. officials have served C. officials has served for D. officials have served for.-Tom is very stupid. He failed to pass the exam once again. - He is _ than stupid.A. lazier B. no lazier C. more lazy D. lazier rather2.because of 因为；由于 自我观察：I was wet because of the rain. 因为下雨，我的衣服都湿了。We won the game because of his participation. 由于他的参与，我们赢了比赛。 潜心辨析 because of / becausebecause of 是复合介词，表原因，意为“因为”，后接名词、代词、动名词、名词性从句，在句中作状语。because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句，表主句根本原因。表原因的短语还有due to，owing to，thanks to，on account of，as a result of 等。due to 不用于句首。牛刀小试All of this is_ you. 这所有的一切都是因为你。They hurried on _ it was getting dark.因为天色已晚，他们匆匆赶路。My success is _ your help.In my opinion, he decided not to join us _ what you said.A. rather than B. instead of C. because of D. less than多亏他的努力，事情取得了比我们预期更大的成功。3.come up 自我观察1) The final exam is coming up soon. Its time for us to start our studies.2) The question hasnt come up yet.3) The seeds come up in spring.自我归纳 come up的意思是：_（句1）; _（句2）; _（句3）。 Id like to come up to your apartment. 我想到你得公寓坐坐。 The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚长出地面。潜心辨析 come up/come up with come up 被提出，其主语是被提出的内容，无被动语态。come up with 提出，(主语是提出者，宾语是被提出的内容。)come to 总计，达到 come on加油，(催促）快点来吧 come along 过来，快点come out 暴露，出版 come about 发生，造成 come across 碰见，（偶然）发现牛刀小试Im afraid something urgent _;I wont be able to see you tonight.我很抱歉今晚有急事，不能见你了。 _. Lets get some sleep. 走，咱们睡觉去。She _some old photographs in a drawer.她在抽屉里偶然发现一些旧照片。 练习 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(1)Now, where is my purse?_!Well be late for the picnic. A. Take your timeB. Dont worryC. Come on D. Take it easy(2) Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. A. came overB. came out C. came aboutD. came up(3) Most of us know we should cut down on fat, but knowing such things isnt much help when it _ shopping and eating. A. refers to B. speaks of C. focuses onD. comes to (4) We planted some tomatoes three weeks ago, but they havent _ yet.A. come up B. come to C. come along D. come on(5)A series of problems faced by the public has _ in the national conference.A. written down B. come up C. added up D. gone throughThe teacher asked a difficult question, but finally Ted _ a good answer.A. came up to B. came up with C. came over to D. came along with 4.be based on/upon 以 为根据。 其主动形式为 based on/upon 以某事物作为另一事物的根据。自我观察It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. 当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的不是。There is a hole in the base of container.容器底部有个洞。自我归纳：base，作动词时意为以为基础，常见结构是base.on/upon.或be based on/upon.；作 名词时，意为基础；基部；基地。 探究拓展basic为形容词,意为基本的；基础的；初级的等。例如:Before you go skiing, you should learn some basic knowledge of it.My knowledge of German is pretty basic.牛刀小试This news report _.这篇报道完全是以事实为根据的。 The film _a novel by Lu Xun. 这部电影以鲁迅的小说为蓝本。That company has offices all over the world，but their _ is in Paris. 那家公司的办事处遍布全球，但其总部在巴黎。 He _ his conclusions on the facts that are known to everyone. A. bases B. puts C. gets D. goes5.make use of 利用；使用自我观察：So by the 1600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. 到十七世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比任何时候都大。You can make any use of it as you like. 这个你随便用。自我归纳take advantage ofmake good use of 好好利用 make the best use of 善用，充分利用make full use of 充分利用 make the most use of 尽量利用探究拓展use构成的其他常见短语:be no use m be of no use没用；its no use doing sth.做某事没用；put . to good use有效使用或利用。This sweater is no use to me; its too short.Its no use arguing with her she is unreasonable (不讲道理的).We should put our money to good use.牛刀小试We must _to study. 我们必须利用每一分钟去学习。We should encourage him to _ his talent. 我们应该鼓励他充分发挥他的才能。单项填空The money collected should be made good use_the people in South Asia who suffered a lot in the killer earthquake and tsunami(海啸).A.of helpingB.to help C.to helping D.of to help Full use should be the time to practise speaking more English.A.taken B.made C.taken of D.made of 6.such as 例如；像这样的自我观察：English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa.在新加坡、马来西亚及一些非洲国家，如南非，人们也说英语。Children like sweet foods such as chocolate.孩子们喜欢巧克力之类的甜食。潜心辨析such as/for example/that is (1)for example 用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”为 例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。 Ball games，for example，have spread around the world. 例如，球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了。 (2)such as 用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人和事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与 前面的名词之间，as后面不用逗号。 (3)使用such as短语时，后面列举的事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和，一旦相等 就要用that is 或namely。 I have three good friends，such as John，Jack and Tom.(错) I have three good friends；that is，John，Jack and Tom. 我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。牛刀小试No one trusts a man _ him.没人相信他那样的人。He has been to many countries _Singapore，Canada and Australia. 他去了很多国家，比如新加坡，加拿大和美国。There are similar words in many language，_，in French and Italian. 在很多语言中有类似的词，例如法语和意大利语。My daughter chose two subjects on Sunday，_，Chinese dancing and piano. 我女儿周日选修了两门课程，即中国舞蹈和钢琴。His brother, _ Andy, likes playing football very much and has joined a football club.A. / B. for example C. as long as D. such asMost of the films are not worth seeing, the one you told me to see yesterday, _.A. like B. such as C. besides D. for example句式学习1. In some important ways they are very different from one another。在一些重要方面，他们彼此差别很大。自我归纳：way n路线；方法；途径way 是可数名词，单数形式可加a 或其它跟定词，亦可以用复数形式，表示“在方面；以方式”，常用介词in。Only in this way can you work out the problem。只有使用这种方法你才能解决问题。探究拓展in the way 挡道 in a way 某种程度上 in on way 绝不 by way of 途径 by the way 顺带一提way后接定语时有3种方式：1、 way to do sth2、 way of doing sth3.waythatin which省略clause（关系词都分在定语从句中作状语）牛刀小试_（顺便问一下），where has he gone？I will buy some bread_（在回家的路上）。Please tell me the way you thought of _ the garden.A. take care of B. to take care of C. taking care of D. to take careXiao Hong worked harder last year. _, she still didnt get high grades.A. As a result B. After all C. By the way D. However2Why not go by underground？ 为什么不坐地铁去呢？Why not do ？是个常用句型，用来提建议，意为 “为什么不?”探究拓展 what about？和how about？也用于提建议，它之后的动词是-ing形式？牛刀小试How about _？我们去游泳怎样？I cant work out this pro