备战高考英语一轮复习第十八套英语8Units1_2单元训练（B卷含解析）.docx

此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号 考场号 座位号单元训练金卷高三英语卷（B）英语8 Units 1-2注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUrban Transportation in CanadaPublic transportation&Transit passesAll cities and most major towns in Canada have a public transportation system with one or more modes of transportation(bus, subway, train, etc.). The bus is the most common form of urban transportation in Canada. To use public transportation, you must purchase a ticket or a transit pass. Transit passes allow you unlimited use of public transportation for a specific period(one month or more). They are usually cheaper than buying many tickets if you plan to use public transportation often.Transportation for people with disabilitiesPublic transportation often has features to assist people with disabilities. In many cities and towns, there are also transportation services available specifically for people with limited mobility, such as specially equipped buses. You can find out about these services in the same way you would learn more about other public transportation options.Etiquette on public transportationWhen taking public transportation such as a bus or train, it is important to understand the unspoken rules of conduct in the shared space. Here are a few things to note:Be polite and respectful to others around you. For example, maintain an appropriate noise level when talking or making a phone call.If you are carrying a backpack or a large shoulder bag in a crowded public transit vehicle, keep it close to you, preferably at your feet to avoid hitting people with it as you walk by.Avoid pushing or touching others in order to make more room for yourself. Sometimes public transit can become very crowded, but it is important to keep calm and give others appropriate personal space.Have your proof of payment accessible in case you are asked to show it.21. What is the advantages of using transit passes over buying tickets?A. Lower costs.B. Safer trips.C. Longer service hours.D. More use of transport.22. How does the transportation system help people with disabilities?A. By offering fewer transportation options.B. By running special transport services.C. By limiting their mobility on city buses.D. By providing free rides in towns and cities.23. What is considered impolite on public transportation?A. Lowering your speaking voice.B. Placing backpacks at your feet.C. Having your proof of payment at hand.D. Staying close to other passengers.BIt was a cold winter. The wind blew all night and the snow was blinding. When morning came, my three children and I got up and made our way to the windows. As we looked out of the window, we saw that the henhouse was gone. Our three hens had been blown away by the cold wind.I looked at the emptiness outside. Then I saw all three chickens sitting around the edge of a white bucket. I couldnt believe my eyes! How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond? I quickly pulled on long snow pants and heavy winter coat, wrapped a scarf around my neck and stuck my feet into large boots.I shouted at the wind as it blew. I was alone, struggling in the snow. They stared out the window into the vast white sea of snow, peering at any sign of movement. Outside I heard the sound of my boots as I walked against the wind.As the snow circled around me, I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made. When I reached them, I saw that their little feet were holding on to the edge of the bucket, heads bent forward and away from the wind. I gently lifted each hen and put it carefully into the warm inside. Then I began the freezing walk back to the small shed directly behind our house. One by one I laid my chickens on the cold floor, and they began to cluck softly.As I shut the shed doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching. They jumped up and down cheering, and so did I! I wasnt some dragon slayer(屠龙者) from a fairy tale. I was simply a mom, but the look on my childrens faces told me that they thought I was a hero mom.24. Seeing all three chickens sitting around the bucket, the author felt ?A. worried.B. incredible.C. shy.D. confident.25. From the story, we know that .A. the authors children liked dragon slayers.B. the author enjoyed herself in the snow.C. the author struggled to be a hero.D. the children watched their mother all the way.26. How does the author reach the hens?A. By following the sound of the hens.B. By wearing protective clothes.C. By searching for the white bucket.D. By shouting at the henhouse.27. What might be the best title for the text?A. Weather in extreme.B. Hens in trouble.C. Kindness in need.D. Hero in the snow.CCHICAGO(Reuters)Smoking not only can wrinkle(皱纹)the face and turn it yellowit can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday.The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body-even skin protected from the sun.“We examined non-facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs, of cigarette smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced.”Dr. Yolanda, who led the study, said in a statement.“In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers. Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years.” Yolandas team added in their report.The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms. They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers. In dependent judges decided how wrinkled each persons skin was.When skin is exposed to sunlight, especially the face, it becomes coarse(粗糙的). Wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Yolandas team wrote.Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking led to premature(过早的)skin aging asmeasured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light.The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels(血管)beneath the skin to constrict(紧缩), reducing blood supply to the skin.Smoking can also damage the connective tissue(组织)that supports both die skin and the internal organs.28. It can be inferred from the study .A. smoking wont affect skin protected from the sunB. smoking will do damage to skin rather than other organsC. smokers over 65 usually wont worry about their skinD. the age of smokers is not connected, with the result of the test29. When your skin is exposed to sunlight long, it becomes all of the following but .A. flexibleB. coarseC. roughD. discolored30. According to the passage, how wrinkled a persons skin is doesnt relate to .A. the number of cigarettes a person smokesB. the kind and characteristics of skinC. how long a person smokesD. how long skin is under sunlight31. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. inform people about the study of skinB. advise people how to protect skinC. warn people not to smoke againD. introduce a new way of avoid skin aging DUntil recently, voice cloningor voice banking, as it was then knownwas a customized industry which served those at risk of losing the power of speech to cancer or surgery. Synthesizing(合成) a voice was a long and expensive process. It meant recording many phrases, each spoken many times, with different the history of the KidPass blog emotional emphases(重音) and in different contexts(statement, question, command and so forth), in order to cover all possible pronunciations.A voice-banking company often charges a lot and requires a speaker to spend days in a sound studio.Not any more.Software exists that can store pieces of recorded speech which is merely five milliseconds long, each marked with a precise pitch(音高). These can be put together to make new words, and adjusted individually so that they fit harmoniously into their new sonic homes. This is much cheaper than conventional voice banking, and permits novel uses to be developed.This year Vivo Text plans to release an app that lets users select the emphasis, speed and level of happiness or sadness with which individual words and phrases are produced. Mr. Silbert refers to the emotive quality of the human voice as “the ultimate instrument”. Yet this power also troubles him. Vivo Text licenses its software to Hasbro, an American toymaker keen to sell increasingly interactive playthings. Hasbro is aware, Mr. Silbert notes, that without safeguards a naughty child might, for example, type impolite words on his mothers smartphone in order to see a younger sibling burst into tears on hearing them spoken by a toy using mums voice.More troubling, when tested against voice-biometrics software like that used by many banks to block unauthorized access to accounts, more than 80% of the fake voices tricked the computer. Alan Black, one of Festvoxs developers, thinks systems that rely on voice-ID software are now “deeply, fundamentally insecure”.Dr. Saxena and his colleagues asked volunteers if a voice sample belonged to a person whose real speech they had just listened to for about 90 seconds. The volunteers recognized cloned speech as such only half the time(ie, no better than chance). The outcome, according to George Papcun, an expert witness paid to detect fake recordings produced as evidence in court, is the appearance of a technology with “enormous potential value for disinformation”.As might be expected, countermeasures to recognize such deception(欺骗) are being developed.Nuance Communications, a maker of voice-activated software, is working on algorithms(算法) that detect tiny skips in frequency at the points where slices of speech are stuck together. Adobe, best known as the marker of Photoshop, an image-editing software suite, says that it may add digital watermarks to speech synthesized by a voice-cloning software called VoCo it is developing. Such technology may help computers recognize suspicious speech. Even so, it is easy to imagine the chaos that might be created in a world which makes it easy to put authentic-sounding words into the mouths of opponentsbe they colleagues or heads of state.32. Paragraphs 1 and 2 are mainly about .A. significant elements influencing voice cloningB. possible applications of voice cloning in realityC. complexities of creating a synthetic copy of a voiceD. differences between traditional and existing voice banking33. Whats Hasbros attitude towards Vivo Tests new app?A. Optimistic.B. Conservative.C. Unconcerned.D. Subjective.34. The experiment carried out by Dr. Saxena and his colleagues shows that volunteers .A. identified cloned speech in about 45 secondsB. preferred a real speech to a voice sampleC. proved only a little harder to fool than softwareD. found it hard to use the software to record their voices35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Investments should be increased to advance voice cloning.B. Long-term measures should be taken to popularize the idea of voice cloning.C. Disagreements among firms about the way to treat voice cloning are getting serious.D. Problems of voice cloning are unavoidable despite the efforts that have been made.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“All men are created equal” is one idea that nearly every American would agree upon. 41 they sometimes betray the idea in their daily lives, they have a deep faith 42 in some fundamental way no one is born superior to anyone else.In the early years of American history, because titles of nobility(贵族) were forbidden, no 43 class system developed in the United States. Firmly believing that being born into a lower class would not 44 them from success and they would have a better chance in America, thousands of immigrants 45 to leave the European societies, where their 46 in life was determined 47 by the social class into which they were born. It was because the dreams of many of these immigrants were 48 in their new country, though there might be 49 in some situations, that Americans came to believe in equality of opportunity.Americans do not mean that everyone should be 50 equal when they say they believe in equality of opportunity. 51, they do mean that each person should have an equal chance for success. Abraham Lincoln once said, “We wish to 52 the humblest(最微贱的) man an equal chance to get rich with everybody else. When one starts poor, free society is 53 that he knows he can 54 his condition.”However, competition is the price to be 55 for his equality of opportunity. Americans match their energy and intelligence against that of others in a competitive contest for success, because they believe competition 56 the best in any person. Indeed, the pressure of competition causes an American to be 57, but it also places a constant emotional stress on him. In fact, in a society that gives so much 58 to those “winners”, 59 does not compete successfully for whatever reason never 60 into it as well as those who do.41.A. SinceB. AsC. AlthoughD. Because42.A. whatB. thatC. asD. which43.A. normalB. moralC. formalD. general44.A. benefitB. preventC. saveD. limit45.A. forcedB. requiredC. choseD. looked forward46.A. placeB. meaningC. functionD. purpose47.A. slightlyB. largelyC. originallyD. publicly48.A. come trueB. ruinedC. succeededD. realized49.A. excitementsB. expectationsC. exceptionsD. disappointments50.A. reallyB. totallyC. actuallyD. truly51.A. BesidesB. MeanwhileC. MoreoverD. Instead52.A. allowB. encourageC. approveD. share53.A. soB. the oneC. suchD. as54.A. enjoyB. betterC. maintainD. stand55.A. paidB. askedC. caredD. sought56.A. gives outB. comes outC. brings outD. stands out57.A. exhaustedB. energeticC. realisticD. effective58.A. honorB. pressureC. happinessD. burden59.A. anyoneB. whoC. oneD. whoever60.A. entersB. fitsC. fallsD. matches第卷第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。American writer Theodore Seuss Geiselbetter 61 (know) as “Dr. Seuss”, is one of the worlds most famous authors of books for children.March 2, 2017was his 113th birthday. He was born in 1904 in Massachusetts and62 (die) in 1991.63 his honor, March 2 is called both “Dr. Seuss Day” and, in many places, “World Book Day”. The aim of the observance is to celebrate literature and urge children around the world to read.Dr. Seuss is famous for his fantastical and 64 (humor) books for young children. His books 65 (fill) with colorful pictures and fun rhymes. Dr. Seuss 66(work) include “The Cat in the Hat”, “Green Eggs and Ham” and “The Lorax”.Dr. Seuss helped generations of children learn to readand to love reading. His books have been published in some 20 languages.Many people used “World Book Day”67 (express) thanks for Dr. Seuss books. If you missed out on World Book Day, you will have 68 chance later this year to celebrate books and reading. The United Nations marks World Book and Copyright Day on April 23. That is the date on 69 several of the worlds 70 (great) writers died. They include Englands William Shakespeare and Miguel de Cervantes of Spain.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。One day when I was on my way to home from school, I found a building on fire. Immediately I called the firefighters.Several minutes lately, the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire. With the help of the firefighters, a lot of peoples left the building safely. Sudden a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters everything. But they cant understand what she said. I went to the woman and asked her that was happening. She told me that his daughter was still in the building. I told the firefighters about it at once.