不一致讲义及作业.ppt

Chapter One： Standard Written English,Punctuation Abuse标点错误 Confusion of Words用词混淆 Problems of Collocation搭配错误 Omission of Words漏词 Wordiness累赘 Disagreement不一致 Non-Parallelism不平衡 Misplaced Parts错位 Dangling Modifiers垂悬 Ambituiy模糊,Disagreement 不一致,英文句子的前后呼应是一个重要问题，表现在主语和谓语、主格和宾格、单数和复数、时态一致等方面。 如果出了差错，不仅仅是语法问题，而且很容易造成意思上的误解。 举个简单的例子，people后面跟have后面跟have是指“人民”；后面跟has,则指的是“民族”，如Each people has its own culture. 那么，你到底是要表示“人民”，还是表示“民族”，这里就有个单、复数的前后一致问题了。,Disagreement 不一致：趣味英文,美国英语，一开始出现one,后面则改用he, him, himself;而英国英语，开始用了one,便一直用one到底，即one, ones, oneself. 下面是英国著名作家Summerset Maugham（索美塞毛姆）写的一段话，选自A Writers Notebook一个作家的手记。这位文学巨匠为了保持人称呼应，竟使用代词one, ones, oneself达39次之多。 请你把这些one 和oneself划出来，不过注意别划错了，因为其中的one不是人称代词，而是另有含义。,Disagreement 不一致：趣味英文,As one grows older, one becomes more silent. In ones youth, one is ready to pour oneself out to the world; one feels an intense fellowship with other people, one wants to throw oneself in their arms, and one feels that they will receive one; one wants to open oneself to them so that they may take one, and one wants to penetrate into them; ones life seems to overflow into the lives of others and become one with theirs as the waters of rivers become one in the sea.,Disagreement 不一致：趣味英文,But gradually the power one felt of doing all this leaves one; a barrier rises up between oneself and ones fellows, and one realize that they are strangers to one. Then perhaps one places all ones love, all ones faculty of expansion on one person, making, as it were, a final effort to join ones soul to his with all ones might, and one draws him to one trying to know him and be known by him right down to the bottom of ones heart.,Disagreement 不一致：趣味英文,But little by little one finds that is it all impossible, and however ardently one loves him, however intimately one is connected with him, he is always a stranger to one. Then one retires into oneself and in ones silence builds up a world of ones own which one keeps from the eyes of every living soul, even from the person one loves best, knowing he would not understand it. 方便起见，我只标注了不是的。,Disagreement 不一致：练习题,选择正确的词完成句子 改正病句 托福结构部分改错题,Turkey and dressing ( is / are ) a popular dish at Thanks-giving. Turkey and dressing is a popular dish at Thanks-giving. 文化背景： “Please pass the turkey and dressing.” What does this simple request make you think about？ If you are an American, you think about Thanksgiving. 请将火鸡与配料递给我。这个简单的请求令你想起什么？如果你是美国人，你会想到感恩节。,（1）选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，注意前后呼应：,Every bramble and thorn ( is / are ) a menace to bare feet. Every bramble and thorn刺 is a menace to bare feet. Either the counselor 顾问or I (am/ is /are ) responsible. Either the counselor or I am responsible. In the new building there ( is / are ) a library, which has no books, and a music practice room, which has no musical instrument. In the new building there is a library, which has no books, and a music practice room, which has no musical instrument.,（1）选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，注意前后呼应：,Roy is the only one of our athletes who ( has / have ) won a gold medal. Roy is the only one of our athletes who has won a gold medal. None ( is /are ) so sure of his knowledge as one who has only a little learning. None is so sure of his knowledge as one who has only a little learning. None of the writers ( has / have ) captured the immigrant experience as eloquently as Elia Kazan. None of the writers has / have captured the immigrant experience as eloquently as Elia Kazan. 都可以,（1）选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，注意前后呼应：,A thousand bushels ( is / are ) a good yield. A thousand bushels蒲式耳 is a good yield. Acoustics ( is /are ) an interesting study. Acoustics声学 is an interesting study. ( This / These ) ( habit / habits ) , which in itself ( is / are ) harmless, ( is / are ) likely to lead to others that ( is / are ) decidedly harmful. This habit , which in itself is harmless, is likely to lead to others that are decidedly harmful.,（1）选择正确的词完成句子：括号里面有两个选择，请选择正确的词来完成句子，注意前后呼应：,（2）用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以改正：,Riding the horse was the two girls, Valerie and Therese. Blood,Sweat &Tears appeal to many age groups because of its effective combination of rock and jazz. The archeology section, sitting apart from the rest, was drinking their chocolate milk and discussing the plan of a dig near Poway. Rabies are always fatal if it is not treated immediately. (rabies狂犬病 ),were,appeals,were,is,（2）用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以改正：,Mill stresses the importance of originality as the catalyst for social progress and insisted that individuality should not be repressed. If one is to read Becketts plays intelligently, you should first familiarize yourself with Becketts novels. It is all too easy to get lost inside a complex sentence and to make grammatical errors which wont seem obvious at a glance but which impedes comprehension. She took advantage of anyone or anything who or which could further her career.,insists,he,impede,that,（2）用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以改正：,Deciding that they could reach no decision that night, they jury retired to its rooms to get some sleep. The foreman shouted at both of us, Peter and I, before we had a chance to explain. The soldier told his friends that his barracks were a lively place. A pilot reclamation project was under way for the planting of eight specieses of plants.,their,me,was,species,（2）用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以改正：,It took them one and a half day to complete the work. These astronomical phenomenon have been a mystery to astronomers for centuries. He hurried because he knew his family was waiting for him anxiously. His uncle showed him the pastures where the cattle was grazing.,days,phenomena,were,were,（2）用词前后不一致：下面句子都是病句，错误就在于用词前后不一致，请加以改正：,Jack made a friend with Jill at the dance party a couple of years ago. Although a contagious 传染性的disease, measles are fairly rare in adults. (measles 麻疹),friends,is,（3）托福结构改错题：托福考试的结构部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们不妨做一些这类题目，对于我们提高写作水平是有好处的：,下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并改正： Moles 鼹鼠 are almost completely blind, although its tiny eyes can distinguish light from dark. its改为theirs The United States Department of Agriculture supervise the quality, cleanness, and purity of meat. its改为theirs The pain-killing agent most commonly administered in dentistry is the local anesthetic, who produces loss of feeling only in a specific area. who改为which,（3）托福结构改错题：托福考试的结构部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们不妨做一些这类题目，对于我们提高写作水平是有好处的：,下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并改正： The beliefs in fairies have existed from earliest times, and the literature of many countries includes tales of fairies and their relationship to humans. have existed改为has existed The term “technology” refers to the discoveries and inventions that help people improve its way of life. its way of 改为their way of Ensuring adequate food and water supply have been a concern ever since people began to live in towns and cities. have been 改为has been,（3）托福结构改错题：托福考试的结构部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们不妨做一些这类题目，对于我们提高写作水平是有好处的：,下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并改正： Kiwi birds鹬鸵 mainly eat insects, worms, and snails and searched for their food by probing the ground with their long bills. searched for 改为search for William Penn founded the city of Philadelphia in 1682, and he quickly grew to be the largest of the cities in colonial America. and he 改为and it It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their lives, that are the main focus of social psychology. that are改为that is,（3）托福结构改错题：托福考试的结构部分里有大量改错题涉及前后呼应，我们不妨做一些这类题目，对于我们提高写作水平是有好处的：,下面划线处有一部分是错误的，请指出并改正： The ability to retain a mental record of earlier experiences are referred to as memory. are referred改为 is referred Every year Colorado is visited by millions of tourists who come for a variety of reason. reason改为reasons A traditional Halloween decoration is a Jack-o-lantern, which is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a scary face cut into them. them改为it,Homework：,作业要求 书面作业，写在作业本上交上。 把原题抄上，直接在原题上改正即可。 提示： 所列病句前面讲义中都有提及，注意复习。,改正病句： 以下每一个句子都有前后不一致的地方，请认真修改,Either the counselor or I are