Lesson-4-Journey-to-the-Antarctic-导学案.doc

Lesson 4 Journey to the Antarctic 导学案本课目标： 1 学习本课新单词和短语 2 阅读文章，了解探险先驱的艰难旅程 3 学会预测词义和构词法Learning stepsStep 1 话题自主探究 What do you know about the journey? _Step 2 单词点击 1 愉快的、高兴的 2 目的、目标 3 国籍 4 运转、起作用 5 准备、预备adj 6 震惊、惊骇 shock nadj吃惊的震惊的使人震惊的 7 志向、抱负 ambitionadj 8 远处的、久远的advnStep 3 短语必记 1在途中 2 损坏、不能运转 3用完、耗尽 4 继续做某事 5一度、从前 6 在某方面有困难 7 取得进展 8 为付出代价Step 4 阅读回答 Read the text carefully and finish the exercise 3 on page29Step 5 语境展示 阅读下列句子并从A-E中找出每句话中aim或aim短语的意思1 Peter took aim at the target and fired but missed it. 2 She went to London with aim of finding a job.3 He aimed the gun at the bird, but did not fire.4 We aim to finish the work by Friday.5 These measures are aimed at preventing violent crime.A 瞄准 B 目的是 C 以（枪等）对准 D 旨在、立志要 E 目的是即学即练 ：根据所给中英文提示完成下列句子，每空一词。1 我的话不是针对你的。 My remarks were not .2 他的目标是成为一名成功的作家。 He a successful writer.3 我瞄准了目标射击，却打在了墙上。 I but hit the wall4 该中心的研究目的是为了改善这里的环境。 The center does research improving the environment here.阅读下列句子并从A-F中找出与每句话中的break down相符合的意思。1 The car broke down on the way to the airport.2 Negotiations(谈判) between the two sides have broken down.3 Her health broke down under the pressure of work.4 He broke down when he heard the news.5 The police broken down the door and save the boy from the fire.6 Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.A (身体)垮了 B （计划、谈判等）失败 C 分解 D 感情失去控制 E 猛击某物使之毁坏 F（机器、车辆等）停止运转、坏了拓展：常见的与break搭配的短语动词还有： break up 解散、分手 break out 爆发、突发 break in 非法闯入；打断，插嘴即学即练：用以上所讲含break短语的适当形式填空.1 A fire in this hotel last night.2 Mary and John were good friends ,but then they had a quarrel and3 Your health will if you work too hard. 4 Thieves and stole $10,000worth of computer equipmentStep 6 重难点词汇讲解 1. goal n. 目的，目标（义析）ones aim or purpose The other driver has no goal or destination or map. 辨析goal，purpose与aim goal指需要艰苦努力才能达到的长期目标；purpose 是普通用词，指人的计划、意图等；aim指比较明确的具体的奋斗方向。如：He decided to reach his goal at all risks. 他决心不顾一切地达到自己的目标。He knew my purpose in writing this book. 他知道我写这本书的目的。Her aim is to do two yearswork in one. 她的目标是一年完成两年的工作。2. run out of 用完，耗尽to use up We have run out of milk and juice. 我们用完了牛奶和果汁。The petrol has been run out of; we have to walk home. 辨析：run out of 与run out run out of 表示主动含义，主语一般为人；run out 意为“用完，耗尽”，表示被动含义，主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等。I have run out of ink. 我把墨水用完了。Our food has run out. 我们的食物吃完了。After a day of hard work my strength ran out completely. 3. carry on 继续做某事 to go on ;to cause to remain or last After her husbands death, she carried on. 丈夫死后，她继续坚持下来。Carry on with your work while Im out. 我出去一下，你接着干吧。carry 的常见短语：carry off 抢走，窃走，带离；carry on 经营，从事，忙于，继续进行；carry out 拿出，进行，开展，执行，完成，实现；carry over使持续下去，推迟；carry through 把带进，完成，帮助渡过难关4. nationality n. 国籍the condition of belonging to a particular nation, by having been born there or becoming a citizen. Whats your nationality ?你是哪国人？nation n. 国家，民族，国民； national adj. 国家的，全国性的；国有的；nationalism n. 民族主义，国家主义； nationalist n. 国家主义者，民族主义者；nationalistic adj. 国家主义的，民族主义的；nationalize vt. 使国有化，把收归国有；nationwide adj. 全国性的Step 7 、重难点句式讲解和分析：1. Then come the total darkness of the polar winter. 接着漆黑的极地冬夜开始了。该句为全部倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter. 谓语为came. 全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有：（1）here，there，now，then，thus 等副词置于句首，动词为be，come，go，lie，run. There goes the bell. Then came the chairman. Here is your letter. （2）表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词。如：Out rushed a boy from behind the door. 从门后跑出一个小孩。Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一位老太太。（3）全部倒装结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。如：Here he comes. 他来了。Away they went. 他们走了。2. we are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. 我们都很愉快，但我还是能猜出大家心里的想法。what each man feels in his heart 是动词guess的宾语，为了强调被放到了主语之前。each adj. 每一个。each强调个体，表示单数。如：Give an apple to each child. 给每个孩子一个苹果。3. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants. 后来，这些石块证明在遥远的过去，南极曾被植物覆盖。that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants 是接在动词proved 后面的宾语从句。（1）at one time 曾经，一度。如：The song was popular at one time. 这首歌一度很流行。（2）in the distant past 在遥远的过去。如：There were forests here in the distant past. 远古时期这里是一片森林。拓展：由at time 所构成的短语：at this time 这时/at that time 那时/at the time 当时/at a time 一次/at one time 曾经，一度/at times 有时候，间或/at no time 决不，在任何时候都不辨析：at a time 与at one time at a time 每次，每一次；at noe time 曾经，一度。如：A whale may eat a ton of fish at a time. 鲸鱼一次可以吃掉一吨鱼。4. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. spend（in）doing sth. 花时间做如：My niece spends a lot time reading novels every day after school. 与spenddoing sth. 类似，动名词前常省去介词的短语还有：have difficulty/trouble（in）doing sth. 做某事有困难；Its no use（in）doing sth. 做某事无用；waste time（in）doing sth. 做某事白费时间；prevent /stop（from）doing sth. 防止做某事。一. 单词拼写1. It is known that squirrels often hide a large q of nuts inside trees in autumn. 2. I was still sleeping when the fire b out, and then it spread out. 3. We were a by the news of Georges sudden death, who was only 35 years old. 4. My ink has r out, can you spare me some?5. My computer system b down suddenly when I was surfing the net. 6. Not long after his r , a local war broke out near his hometown. 7. But Marco always s by his tales. 8. Later these rocks proved that at one time in the d past the Antarctic was covered by plants. 9. Our hometown is l to Beijing by the Jingjiu Railway. 10. We have just e a storm on the way home. 二 经典回放1 John opened the door. There he had never seen before.A a girl did stand B a girl stoodC did a girl stand D stood a girl2 At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River, one of the ten largest cities in China A lies Chongqing B Chongqing lies C does lie Chongqing D does Chongqing lie3 How about your journey to Mount Emei? Everything was wonderful except that our car twice on the way.A slowed down B broken down C got down D put down4 After his journey from abroad , Richard Jones returned home, .A exhausted B exhausting C being exhausted D having exhausted5 Im still working on my project.Oh,youl