中考英语总复习第一轮教案-人教新目标版.doc

八年级英语复习Unit1-12重点知识梳理Unit 1 句子1.问频率 1.How often do you exercise? Once a day.2. What does she usually do on weekends? She usually watches TV.3. How many hours do you sleep? Nine hours. 核心知识1.表频率副词：always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never.2. once a week 一周一次，twice a year 一年两次 three times a week 一周三次four times a month 一个月四次3. all, most , some , no 4. be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 be bad for sth. /doing sth. 对什么有害5. want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 要某人做某事6. as for至于 7.try to do sth. 尽量做某事8. of course = certainly = sure当然9. look after = take care of 照顾10. keep healthy=stay healthy 保持健康11. exercise=take exercise=do sports锻炼 12. although = though虽然13. be the same as 与什么相同 be different from 不同14. how often 多久一次15. most of the students=most students 16. get good grades取得好成绩17. some advice 中的advice是不可数名词18. keep/be in good health保持健康19.shop=go shopping=do some shopping购物20. surf the internet 上网 21. a lot of = lots of 许多22. health n., healthy adj. , healthily adv. , unhealthy adj. 23. different adj. difference n. 可数 熟读P1 1b , P 2 2a G.F, P3 3 , P5 3a 3b Unit 2 句子1. 看病用语 Whats the matter(with sb.)? 怎么了？= Whats the trouble (with sb.)?= Whats wrong (with sb.)? = Is there anything wrong (with sb.)? Im not feeling well. 我觉得不太舒服 = Im feeling ill/sick. =I feel terrible/bad. = I dont feel well I have a stomachache 我胃痛 = I have got a stomachache = There is something wrong with my stomach= My stomach hurts = I have (got) a pain in my stomach When did it start?什么时候开始的？ You should drink more water. 表建议You shouldnt eat more.2. Thats a good idea 好主意 Thats too bad 太糟糕了 3. I have no idea = I dont know 我不知道 4. Im sorry to hear that.听到此事我很难过 核心知识1.身体各部位名称P7 1a2. 情态动词should 与shouldnt 表建议3. have a cold / stomachache / toothache / fever/ sore throat 4. see a dentist / doctor 5. soon 一会儿6. feel 觉得，get 变, stay 保持, keep 保持，sound 听起来是系动词 常和形容词连用 如：feel happy , get tired, stay / keep healthy 7. lie down 躺下 8. for example 例如9. too much 太多不可数名词, too many 太多可数名词, much too太形容词10. stressed out压抑 筋疲力尽11. its 形容词 to do sth. 做某事怎么样12. a few 一些修饰可数名词 a little 一些修饰不可数名词 few 少许修饰可数名词 表否定 little少许修饰不可数名词表否定13. at the moment = now 此刻 常和现在进行时连用14. neck and neck 并驾齐驱，齐头并进15. I think so 我认为如此16. tooth n . 复数形式teeth 熟读 P7 1a , P8 , P9 3a , P10 1a 形 1b 建议 , P11 4 , P12 2Unit 3 句子1. What are you doing for vacation? Im visiting my grandmother.2. When are you doing? Im going on Monday.3.That sounds nice / interesting.4. 问多长时间 How long are you staying? For four days.5.Can I ask you some questions? 核心知识1. 现在进行时表一般将来时 常用的动词有： is / am / are going is / am / are leaving is / am / are coming 2. take walks = go for a walk散步3. some 一些, any 一些 4. sing v.singer n.5. take a vacation=take vacations=go on vacation 6. think about考虑 7. something different8. plan to do sth.计划做某事 9. spend time 10. finish doing 完成做某事 11. a lot 许多12. need to do sth.需要做某事13. go camping 去野营 go shopping 去买东西 go swimming 去游泳 go boating去划船 go skating 去溜冰 go walking去散步 go climbing 去登山 go fishing 去钓鱼 go hiking 去徒步远足 go dancing去跳舞 go sightseeing 去观光14. do some shopping 买东西 do some washing 洗衣服do some cooking 做饭do some reading 读书do some speaking训练口语15. how about=what about 怎么样？ 16. go back , come back , get back 回来 17. tour n.tourist n. 写作 P17 3a 假期计划 熟读P14GF , P15 3a , P16 1a , P 17 3a Unit4 句子1. How do you get to school? I ride my bike. 2. How does he get to school? He takes the train. 3. 问多长时间How long does it take? It takes about 10 minutes.4. 问路程How far is it ? How far is it from home to school? It is about 10 kilometers. 5. Dont worry. 核心知识1. by bike, by bus, by subway, by taxi, by boat, by car, by train(乘坐车，放在句尾) 2. take the taxi / train / bus/ subway / car 3. ride a bike 骑自行车4. walk to地点走到5. have a quick breakfast6. how long 多长时间 how far 多远 Unit 5 句子1. Can you come to my party?=Would you like to come to my party? 问星期What is today? It is Monday? What day is it today? It is Monday. 核心知识 1.情态动词can 与cant 2. Id love to 我非常乐意3. Im sorry 对不起 4. write soon 尽快回信5. would like sth. 想要某物 would like (love )to do sth.想要做某事愿意做某事6. have a piano lesson 上一堂钢琴课7. keep quiet! 请保持安静, keep+形容词 表示“保持某种状态” 8. the day after tomorrow 后天the day before yesterday 前天 9. invite v.invitation n. 邀请 写作P29 3a 关于拒绝邀请的回信 熟读 P25 1a 1c , P26 2b 2c G.F , P27 4 , P29 3a 3b 4 Unit 6 句子1. Tina is taller than Paul.2. Tom is more athletic than Sam 核心知识1. 形容词副词的比较级、最高级2. as as 与一样，not as /soas 与不一样3. look the same我们看起来一样4. both ：beboth , both实义动词5. a little, much , even, far 可修饰比较级6. be good at sth./ doing sth. 擅长于7. make sb. do 使某人做某事8. be important for sb. 对某人来说很重要9. in some ways在某些地方10. more than= over 超过 熟读 P32 G.F, P33 3a , P35 3a 写作 P33 3a 描写人物Unit7 句子 How do you make a banana milk shake?问数量 1.How many bananas do we need ? We need 5.2.How much yogurt do we need? One cup. 核心知识1. 量词 a cup of , a bottle of , a piece of , a bowl of , a pair of , a box of ,a slice of , a teaspoon of2. 连词 first , next , then , finally3. turn on 打开, turn off 关上,turn down 关小4. cut up切碎 5. mix up 混合6. add to 把加到上 熟读P41 1b , P42 2c G.F. , P 43 3a , P45 3a 写作 写一篇制作食物的步骤Unit8 句子1. Did you go to the zoo? Yes, I did. No, I didnt.2. Were there any sharks? Yes, there were. No, there werent.3. What else did you do ?你还做了些什么？ 核心知识一般过去时1. hang out 闲荡 2. have a good time3. late adj. / adv. 迟 4. take a class 上课5. luck n. lucky adj. luckily adv.6. see you soon 盼望很快见到你Unit9 句子1.When was he born ? He was born in 18952. How long did he hiccup? For 5days.3. When did he start hiccupping? He started hiccupping in 1922. 核心知识一般过去时1. be born 出生2. start doing =start to do 开始做某事 begin doing= begin to do3. tooto 太而不能做某事4. violinist小提琴家 , violin 小提琴pianist 钢琴家，piano 钢琴5. wellknown adj. 著名的6. at the age of 在岁7. take part in 参加 某种活动、比赛、项目 join 参加某个组织成为其中一员8. because of名词因为9. 70year adj. 70年的10. usual adj. 寻常的unusual adj. 不寻常的 写作P55 3a 和P57 3a 描写人物 熟读 P53 1b, P54 2c G.F, P55 3a , P56 2b 2c , P57 3aUnit 10 句子1. What are you going to do when you grow up? Im going to be an actor.2. How are you going to do that? Im going to take acting lesson. 核心知识1. be going to 是一般将来时表将要发生的动作或存在的状态常和将来的时间连用 如： next day/week/ month / year in the future , in 20 years , tomorrow, the day after tomorrow 等2. grow up长大3. at the same time 同时4. read v.reader n.读者5. somewhere interesting 有趣的地方6. save money 存钱7. maybe 也许8. get good grades 取得好成绩9. keep fit =keep healthy10. 时间状语从句由when , after , before , as soon as , notuntil , while , since 等词引导 注：当主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时 I will be a teacher when I grow up. 写作P61 3a如何实现自己的梦想 熟读 P59 1b 1c , P60 GF. , P 61 3a 3b, P62 1a 1b , P63 3a Unit 11 句子表请求句子以及回答1. Could you please sweep the floor? Yes, sure. Sorry, I cant. I have to go out.2. Could I please go to the movies? Yes, you can. No, you cant . I have to go out. 核心知识1.could you please你能吗？/请你干.好吗？ 2. need to do sth.3. hate doing / to do sth.讨厌做某事4. do the dishes 洗餐具5. sweep the floor清扫地板6. stay out late晚归7. make ones bed铺床8. fold ones clothes叠衣服9. take out the trash倒垃圾 10. invite sb. to do./ somewhere 邀请某人做某事/到某地11. take care of =look after 照顾12. forget to do 忘记去做某事13. help n. 不可数help v.14. have a test 休息15. borrow sth. from sb.向某人借某物(借入)16. agree 同意disagree 不同意 写作P693a 请求帮助的信 熟读P65 1a 1b , P66 2c G.F. , P67 3a 4 , P68 1a , P69 3a Unit12 句子1. What is the best clothing store ? Jasons. 核心知识1. 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级2. love v. 喜爱 lovely adj.美好的，令人愉快的3. south nsouthern adj. north n.northern adj. east n.eastern adj. west n. western adj.4. close to 靠近接近5. music n. musician n. musical adj. 6. lead v. 指挥，指导leader n.主唱人 指挥者 写作P762介绍一个旅游景点 熟读 P71 1b , P72 2c G.F, P73 3a , P75 3a , P76 2八年级英语（下）复习Unit1-10重点知识梳理unit 1 Will people have robots?目标语言：Make predictions重点句型：People wont use money. Everything will be free.知识点：1 形容词，副词的比较等级考查热点透视：a) 表示A与B在程度上相同时， “as+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。表示A不如B时，可用“not as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”结构。b) 表示A比B在程度上“更.”时，可用“形容词或副词的比较级+than”结构c) 表示三者或三者以上的比较，其中一个在程度上“最.”时，常用“the+形容词或副词的最高级”结构，后面可带“of/in的短语”来说明比较的范围。（注意：副词的最高级在句中常省略“the”.）d) 在形容词或副词的比较级前，可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等词语来修饰，以加强语气。e) 表示“越来越.”时，常用“形容词或副词的比较级+and+形容词或副词的比较级”结构，但要注意，对于多音节和部分双音节形容词，副词而言，若要表达此意时，要用“more and more+形容词或副词的原级“结构。f) 在表示“其中最.之一“的含义时，常使用 “one of+the+形容词最高级形式+名词复数”结构，其中的定冠词the不可以省略。g) 如果强调“两者中比较的（一个）”的意思时，可使用“the+形容词比较级+其它”结构。h) 表示“越.越.”, 可使用“the+形容词或副词的比较级，the+形容词或副词的比较级”结构。2 几个相似的“It句型”a) Its +adj.+ that从句：在该句型中，it代替that从句，形容词用来说明that从句内容的性质。如，Its polite that you always give seats to the elderly on the bus.b) Its +adj.+to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth的内容，形容词用来说明to do sth的性质。如，Its useful to remember lots of words before the exams.c) Its +adj.+for sb. to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth的内容，形容词用来强调to do sth就sb而言的性质（常见的形容词有possible, important, necessary, difficult）d) Its +adj.+of sb. to do sth.在该句型中，it代替to do sth.的内容，形容词用来强调of后所接宾语本身的性质（常见的形容词有kind, rude, clever, foolish, polite）.3.一般将来时a) 一般将来时的构成：由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成，shall用于第一人称。在口语中，will在名词或代词后常简略为ll， will not常简略为wont。这个时态的肯定，否定和疑问结构可表示如下：肯定句否定句疑问句I (We)shall(will) go.You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?Will you (he, she, they) go?用”be going to +动词原形”也可表示将来时，表示将要发生的事，打算或决定要做的事。I think it is going to snow.我看要下雪。b)一般将来时的用法：1）表示将要发生的动作或情况；2） 不以人的意志为转移，肯定要发生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是国庆日。 4. in/after:in是指以现在时间为起点的“在一段时间以后”。也可以表示“在将来多少时间之内”，句子中的谓语动词要用一般将来时态；after常指以过去时间为起点的“一段时间之后”，所以它与过去时态连用。当after指某个特定的未来时刻或日期之后，或指以将来某一时间为起点的若干时间之后时，它可以与将来时态连用。5.more, less, fewer的用法区别：more为many, much的比较级，意为“更多”，可修饰可数与不可数名词。Less是little的比较级，意为“更好，较少”，修饰不可数名词。Fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，修饰可数名词复数。【注意】few, little表示否定“几乎没有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一点，几个”。如，Because he often stays at home, he has few friends. 6.there be与have的区别：1）含义不同。there be表示的是“某地（时）有某人（物）”，强调“存在关系”。Have则表示“某人（物）所有”，强调“所属关系”。如，There is a bus in your factory.（公共汽车不一定属于我们厂所有） Our factory has a bus.（公共汽车属于我们厂所有）2）句型不同。there be句型为“There be +某人（物）+某时（地）”；have 句型为“某人（物）+have(has)+某物（人）。如There isnt a cat under the chair. She doesnt have two brothers.3)当表示某物的构成和组成部分时，用there be和have 均可。如，Our school has sixty classes.= There are sixty classes in our school.我们学校有60个班。【注意】there be句型中有两个或多个并列主语时，须根据就近原则，be与最靠近的主语在数上保持一致。如，There are two eggs and a cup of milk on the table.There be句型的将来时表达方式:肯定：There will be否定：There wont be一般疑问句：Will there be.? Yes, there will. No, there wont.7. be worth doing值得；be worthy of doing, be worthy to do值得8Seem的用法：1)seem to do似乎He seems to think so.2)It seems that看来It seems that he is lying. 3) seem +adj./n.好象是 He seems ill.9.would like sth意思为“想要某物“； would like to do意思为”想要做某事“。回答would like句型的一般疑问句时，其肯定回答为 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “Id like /love to, but.”10.make sb. do; make +n+adj.; make friends with sb.; make +n./ pron.+n.11. Such作形容词，意思是“如此的”“这样的”，修饰各种名词。 Such这样的。如It is such bad weather.天气如此恶劣。 Such常和as搭配，表示一种类别。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我们喜欢象她那样的嗓子。 Such常和表示结果的that从句搭配，表示“如此.以至于”如 It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home. Suchthat和sothat都可用来引出一个结果状语从句。由于such是形容词，所以that从句前有一个受such修饰的名词；而so 是副词，用以修饰形容词或副词，因此that从句前一般不出现名词。如 They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them. The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.a) 如果名词是可数名词的单数形式，such和so的位置不同：such+a/an+形容词+单数名词so+形容词+a/an+单数名词b) 如果名词是不可数名词或名词复数，只可用such,不能用so.:such+形容词+不可数名词或复数名词c) 如果被修饰的不可数名词被much, little, 或复数名词被many, few等表示量的形容词修饰时，用so，不用such.d) 当little表示“年纪小的”时，可用such+little+名词 There were such little children that they couldnt clean the room.12. people, person, folks, human: people“人们“全体；person “人”（不分年龄，性别它包括men, women, children.它可做people的单数形式可以说every person但不能说one people. Person指“人们”时着重个体；folks“人们”，指一般人或特殊年龄位置，境遇等特殊级的人；human主要用来区别于其他动物。 需要背诵的是：第6页的3aunit 2 What should I do?目标语言： talk about problems and give advice重点句型：P10-1a;P11-2a and 2b; P12-3a ,3b and 4;P13-1a and2a需要背诵的是第12页的3a和第14页的3a知识点：1 argue with sb about sth.与某人辩论某事2.loud是形容词,loud-louder-loudest意思是“响亮的”；作副词时，常与talk, sing, laugh 等词连用，如speak loud; loudly “大声地”带有喧闹的意味，常用来修饰shout, cry, call, knock等动词，通常没有比较级和最高级，作状语；aloud 副词，出声地，大声地，仅指发出声音（以使能被听得见）。3Enough为形容词，意思是“足够的”；enough +n.修饰名词enough money; adj/adv+enough修饰形容词或副词；enough to do 足够做某事4call sb up给某人打电话 = give sb a call ; call sb ; ring sb up; phone sb; write sb a letter= write a letter to sb. 给某人写信；write to sb写给某人；get/receive a letter from sb.收到某人的来信5give sb sth=give sth to sb把某物给某人。当 sb. sth都为代词时只能用give sth to sb6present, gift礼物：gift带有一定的感情色彩，通常指昂贵的“礼物”，强调送礼人的诚意，有时有“捐赠”之意，多用于正式场合；present指为表达情谊，敬意或出于礼节，在某特定时刻或场合赠送的“礼物”，此礼物价值不一定高。make sb a present of把作为礼物送给7borrow, lend: borrow“借入，借给”即说话人向他人借东西borrow sth from sb.; lend-lent-lent“借出，借给”即说话人把自己的东西借给他人lend sb sth= lend sth to sb8. join sb in sth; join sb in doing sth与一起（做某事）；jointo 把和连接起来9 except，besides除之外: except除了都，besides强调“除了之外还有”在no one, nobody, nothing等词后加介词but也表示“除了”。10find out, find, look for: find out“找出，发现，查明”多指通过调查，询问，打听，研究之后搞清楚，弄明白或指找出较难找到的，无形的抽象的东西；find“找到，发现”通常指找到或发现有形的东西也可指偶然发现某物的某种情况，强调找的结果；look for“寻找”强调动作。11talk about谈到，谈论；talk of谈到，说到；have a talk with与.谈谈，做报告；talk to sb对谈话；talk with sb与交谈；talk to sb和talk with sb 均表示“和某人谈话”，“讲话”。talk to sb比较常用，侧重一方谈，一方听；talk with sb侧重双方交谈；talk about sb则表示“谈论某人”12miss 和lose:miss意思为“发现丢失”“觉得不在”；lose意思为“丢失”“失去”。在本质上，miss是一种主观感觉，而lose是一种客观结果。13be used to doing习惯于做某事；used to do过去常常，暗含与现在明显的不同，只用于过去时；be used to do是use的被动语态，意思是.被用来做某事。 unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?目标语言：talk about past events and tell a story重点句型：P19-2b, P20-4,P21-1,要求背诵的是P20-3a, P22-3知识点：1 过去进行时a) 过去进行时由“was/were+动词ing形式”构成。以动词work为列，其肯定式，否定式，疑问式以及简略答语见下表：肯定式：I/He/She/It was working. We/You/ They were working.否定式：I/He/She/It was not working. We/You/They were not working.疑问式和简略答语：Was I working? Yes, you were. Was he working? No, he wasnt.【注意】was not常简略为wasnt; were not常简略为werentb) 过去进行时的用法：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上，下文暗示以外，一般用时间状语来表示2 not until直到才。表示动作在某时之前尚未开始，直到此时动作才开始。notuntil可以用after或when来代替，但主句谓语动词要用肯定形式。Until为连词时后接时间状语从句，until作介词时，后面接表示时间的名词。Until 用于肯定句多表示动作或状态一直延续到until所表示的时间为止，意思为“直到” from.till中till往往表示不太具体的时间。From to或fromuntil常用来表示具体的时间。3 find itto do，it在此句中为形式宾语代表动词不定式，动词不定式为真正的宾语，常用于这种用法的动词有find, feel, think, make等。4 “疑问词+不定式“结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时，只需在疑问词后面加一个适当的主语（这个主语一般与主句的主语一致），并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语即可。如，Where to go is still a question.= Where we should go is still a question.5 alien 和foreigner “外国人”：alien指住在一个国家，但不是该国公民的人，即侨民；foreigner指生于或来自他国者尤其指有不同语言，文化的人。6 when 与while:when连接的状语从句是个特殊句型，“前一个分句（谓语动词用过去进行时）+when(作并列连词，意思为“这时，突然”)+后一个分句（谓语动词用一般过去时）”表示在前一个动作正在进行的过程中突然发生了后一个动作， when强调动作的突然性，when后面的动词为非延续性动词；while表示“在.过程中”，强调在一段时间内，所以while引导的从句中的谓语动词必须为延续性动词。在状语从句中，若从句放在句首时，应用逗号与主句隔开。7 感叹句的构成：What +a/an+形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语！What a good book it is! What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语！What easy questions they are! What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What cold weather it is! How+形容词+主语+be动词！How nice the watch is!How +副词+主语+谓语！How hard they are working!8.take place, happen“发生”：take place指“发生事先计划或预想到的事物”；happen指“一切客观事情或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生”。两者都是不及物动词或短语，后面不能跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态；happen的意义很广泛，而take place 仅用于历史上的事件，集会等，是先行布置而后发生或举行的事件，它不用于地震等自然界的现象。 happen to do 巧遇 sth happens to sb某人遭遇某事9不定代词all, both, each,every与not连用时，只表示部分否定，在否定句中用and连接两个宾语，表语，定语，状语时，只表示部分否定，并且否定 and后面的部分；如用or连接句中两个部分，则表示全部否定。如，She isnt a bright and beautiful girl.她并不是一个既聪明又漂亮的女孩。（部分否定） She isnt a bright or beautiful girl.她是一个既不聪明又不漂亮的女孩。（全部否定）10. remember, recall, remind：remember指“过去的事情仍在记忆中，不必费劲就能想起。”；recall比remember正式，指“对自己或他人的过去进行有意的回忆。”；remind指“由于受到提醒或启发而想起往事。11in hospital, in the hospital: in hospital指某人生病住院；in the hospital可以指某人在医院里工作。unit 4 He said I was hard-working.目标语言：report what someone said重点句型：P27-2a,2b要求背诵的是P30-3a知识点：1 在称述句中直接引语和间接引语的转换：a) 直接引语：说话人直接引用别人的原话。b) 间接引语：说话人用自己的话把别人的意思转述出来。c) 直接引语一般前后要加引号；间接引语不用引号。d) 规则：1）人称变化：从句中的第一人称多改为第三人称；第二人称根据情况改为第一或第三人称；第三人称不变。2）时态变化：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时从句的谓语动词在时态方面要做以下变化：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时（客观真理除外）一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的动词时态保持不变；直接引语如果是客观真理变为间接引语时，时态保持不变。3）其他指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词等的变化。直接引语中的一些指示代词，时间状语和地点状语须作相应的变化：直接引语间接引语指示代词this这 these这些that那 those那些时间状语now现在then那时today 今天that day 那天tonight 今晚that night那天晚上this week 这星期that week那个星期yesterday 昨天the day before前一天last week 上星期the week before前一个星期ago以前before 以前tomorrow明天the next/following day第二天next week 下星期the next week 第二个星期地点状语here 这里there 那里动词come来go 去【注意】1）直接引语中的时间状语根据实际情况转述为间接引语时，有时不需要改变，如tomorrow。如果转述的动作发生在当天，无需改变；如果转述的动作不在当天，则需将tomorrow变为the next day.2.habit, practice, custom: habit指“个人由于自然条件，社会环境，爱好或经常接触而导致可以