2013高考英语_高三英语阅读理解答题规律与秘诀.doc.doc

请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!2013高考英语高三英语阅读理解答题规律与秘诀一、解的十个特征：1、体现中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解2、照抄原文的不是解，同义替换的是解3、含义不肯定的是解，如：cancouldmayusuallymightmostmoreorlessrelativelybelikelyto含义绝对的不是解：mustalwaysneverthemostallanynoneentirely含义相反的是解4、具体的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解5、带有some的是解：someonesomebodysometimesomethingcertain6、简单的不是解，复杂的是解，字面意思不是解，含义深刻的是解7、带虚词的解：anotherothermoreeitherbothalsobesideadditionalextradifferentsameparticularnearlynotenough8、“变化”是解：changedelayimprovepostponeincrease9、“重要的、基础的”是解：importantnecessityessentialbasisbebasedon10、二选一：反义项有解；形似项有解；近义项有解阅读题的四种题型及其命题思路1.主旨题中心思想Mainideawhatisthemainidea/pointofthispassage?Maintopicwhatisthemaintopic/subject/title?Purposewhatistheauthorsmainpurposeinthepassage?对策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；解：多为概括性的选项2.细节性问题Accroding考查对文章内容的掌握，如：时间、地点、事件等细节问题。对策：利用题目中的关键词找文章中的对应词，在对应词的周围寻找答案。Number考查对文章中数字的掌握，1）运算型：通过简单的四则运算求解。对策：原始数据不是解。2）多选一型：文中出现多个时间或数字，对应不同的事物，考其中的一个。对策：对号入座。3）范围型，4）世纪型Except题型即三缺一型，要求选出一个不符合文章内容的选项。Which题型对策：这两种主要考并列句、列举句请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!3.推断型问题命题包括以下动词：infer,imply,suggest,conclude,assume.对策：1）根据文中的关键词、短语、结构进行推断；2）通过阅读某段或几段内容3）注意：要根据文中内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。4.词汇型问题考查熟词偏义或在特定场合具体的词义对策：常见含义不是解生词的含义推断对策：根据上下文判断其合理的词义才是唯一的出路。总结：常见的命题思路：文章的中心、段落的中心指代关系makegainsmakeaprofit因果关系正因果关系文中A导致B，问题：有了B这一结果，为什么，答案是A反因果关系文中A具有X特性，B与A不同，问，B有何特点，答案是非X特性。或AB，考非A非B二、文章的十大考点1、列举处常考细节题，特别是Which型和Except型；2、转折处和对比处常考However,but,yet,infact,although,转折：unlike,until,however,but等。3、例子常考推断题和细节题as,suchas,forexample,forinstance,i.e.etc.4、数字和年代常考文中的数字、年代和日期常常是命题的重点。5、最高级和绝对性词汇常考答案具有唯一性must,all,only,anyone,always,never,或most,first.6、专有名词常考人名、地名等专有名词7、细节处常考细节题同位语，插入语，定语，长句的后半句，从句，副词，介词，不定式。8、因果句常考推断题因果连词：because,since,for,as,therefore,so,consequentlyetc因果动词：cause,resultin，originatefrom,etc因果名词：base,basis,result,consequence.etc请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!9、段落中心句常考主题题和细节题段首句和文尾句往往是作者表达中心思想和进行总结综述之处，10、特殊标点常考细节题破折号、括号、冒号表示解释，引号表示引用示例1、Spaceisadangerousplace,notonlybecauseofmeteors(流星)butalsobecauseofraysfromsunandotherstars.Theatmosphereagainactsasourprotectiveblanketonearth.Lightgetsthrough,andthisisessentialforplantstomakethefoodwhichweeat.Heat,too,makesourenvironmentstolerableandsomeultravioletrayspenetratetheatmosphere.Cosmicraysofvariouskindscomethroughtheairfromouterspace,butenormousquantitiesofradiationfromthesunarescreenedoff.Assoonasmenleavetheatmospheretheyareexposedtothisradiationbuttheirspacesuitsorthewallsoftheirspacecraft,iftheyareinside,dopreventalotofradiationdamage.Radiationisthegreatestknowndangertoexplorersinspace.Thetroubleisthatitisextremelydifficulttobesureaboutradiationdamageapersonmayfeelperfectlywell,butnotcellsofhissexorgansmaybedamaged,andthiswillnotbediscovereduntilthebirthof(deformed)childrenorevengrandchildren.Drugsmighthelptodecreasethedamagedonebyradiation,butnotreallyeffectiveoneshavebeenfoundsofar.Atpresent,radiationseemstobethegreatestphysicalhazardtospacetravelersbutitisimpossibletosayjusthowseriousthehazardwillturnouttobeinthefuture.1、Accordingtothepassage,withoutatmosphereA)spaceshipscanneverbeshotintospaceB)sunlightcantreachtheearth（具体不是解）C)plantscanproducevariedfoodD)ourenvironmentwouldbeintolerable（概括是解，含义相反的是解）2、WhenmenspendlongperiodinspacetheywillprotectthemselvesbyA)takingspecialdrugsB)wearingspecialsuits（替换spacesuits是解）C)usingaprotectiveblanketD)nosolutionhasbeenfoundyet3、ThegreatestdangertomeninspaceisA)meteorsB)weightlessnessC)radiationD)magneticforce转折处最高级举处长句后半句转折，长句后半句列举处，因果关系请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!4、Whichofthefollowingstatementistrueaccordingtothepassage?A)thegrandchildrenofastronautsaredeformedB)thechildrenofastronautshavedamagedsexorgansC)radiationdamagemayshowonlyinlatergenerations（may是解）D)radiationdoesnotseemtobeveryharmful5、Radiationisdangeroustomen,A)butwedontknowexactlyhowdangerousitisB)butonlyinspace（替换是解）C)soweshouldbuildupourhealthD)andwecandonothingaboutitatthepresenttime示例2、Everyweareallinfluencedbythemassmedia.Althoughsomecriticsofthemediaclaimthatthesemeansofcommunicationareusedmainlytocontrolourthinkingandgetustobuyproductsthatwedontneed,themediaalsocontributetokeepingpeopleinformed.Inotherwords,whiledangersdoexist,thebenefitsofthemediafaroutweighthedisadvantages.Mostofthemessagesbroughttoviewers,listeners,andreadersaredesignedeithertoinformortoentertain,andneitherofthesegoalscanbeconsidereddangerousorharmful.Ifconsumersofthemediacouldbetaughtatanearlyagetoexaminemessagescritically,i.e.tothinkcarefullyaboutwhatisbeingcommunicated,theywouldbeabletotakeadvantageoftheinformationandenjoytheentertainmentwithoutbeinghurtbyit.Thekeytocriticalthinkingisrecognizingthepurposesofthenewsorscriptwriters,theadvertisers,andsoon.Arebothsidesofanissuebeingpresented?Istheamountofviolenceandkillingshownnecessarytothepointofastory?Haveenoughfactsaboutaproductbeingadvertisedbeenpresented?Besides,inacountrywithademocraticformofgovernment,thepeoplecanbekeptinformedbythemassmedia.Tobeabletoexpresstheirviewsandvoteintelligently,citizensneedtheopportunitytohearnews,opinions,andpublicaffairsprogramming.InformationaboutcurrenteventsispresentedindepthonpubliclyfundedTVchannelsandradiostationsaswellasinnewspapers.Inaddition,thepublicbroadcastingmediacanhelpviewersandlistenerstocompleteorfurthertheireducation.Themediaalsogivepeopletheinformationtheyneedintheirdailylivesandthemediacanbeavaluablemeansofeducatingthepublic.Eventhoughthemediacanbemisused,mostoftheireffectsarepositive.1.ThemainpointthewritertriestomakeinthistextisthatA.Advertisingisharmfulwhenitpresentsincorrectinformation.B.Thepositiveeffectsofthemassmediaoutweighthenegativeones.（概括是解）C.Peopleshouldlearntotakeadvantageofthemediasbenefits.D.TVismoreusefulasameansofentertainmentthanasameansofprovidinginformation.2.Whatshouldconsumersofthemassmediabetaughtatanearlyage?A.Tobringtheirimaginationintofullplaywhenwatchingprogramsoflowquality.B.Tobuyproductsadvertisedsothatthedemandincreases.C.ToturnofftheTVsetwhenhurtbybadprograms.举例，长句因果，列举，长句后半句转折，长句后半句请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!D.Tothinkcarefullyaboutthemessagesbroughttothem.（替换是解）3.Wecanlearnfromparagraph3thatcitizenswillbeinabetterpositiontoexpresstheirviewsandmaketheirchoicesiftheyareA.HighlyeducatedthroughTVandradio.B.WellprotectedbythegovernmentC.HighlypaidbytheemployersD.Wellinformedbythemedia（概括是解）4.Theunderlinedphrase“indepth”inparagraph3couldbebestreplacedbyA.Thoroughly（句义，词形）B.PartlyC.RelativelyD.Simply沈阳吴军高分英语家教地址：铁西区启工街地铁口旁第一城A组团3号一层网址:电话：2012高考英语翻盘逆转押题预测必考点知识清单主讲人：吴军第一部分：单项选择定语从句出题思路预测先行词n./pron-被定语从句修饰的,根据先行词选择连接词物：which/that/whose人：who/whom/that/whose当先行词与连接词后面的名词n存在所属关系时（的）2012定从预测1Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it2012定从预测2Theroadconditionsthereturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.itB.whatC.whichD.that2012定从预测3Ivebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!2012定从预测4Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyoflefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.A.whomB.whichC.themD.those2012定从预测5Aperson_e-mailaccountisfullwontbeabletosendorreceiveanye-mails.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whoever2012定从预测6Inchina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing_developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.A.whereB.whichC.whoseD.that2012定从预测7Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,fromeffectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseC.thoseD.whatas与which均可替代整个主句在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句.如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用；如从句在主句之前，用as。介词/逗号后,永远不用that!Theyfailedintheexam，as/whichisnatural.Asisknowntoall，theearthmovesaroundthesun.HepassedtheCollegeEntranceExamination,madehisparentsveryhappy.A.asB.whichC.thatD.it2012定从预测8_isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What比较：_isknowntoeverybodythatthemoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.2012定从预测9Jimpassedthedrivingtest,A.whichB.thatC.thisD.it2012定从预测10_isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.A.ItB.AsC.ThatD.What2012定从预测11Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers,_,ofcourse,madetheothersenvyhim.A.whoB.thatC.whatD.which2012定从预测12_hasbeenannounced,weshallhaveourfinalexamsnextmonth.A.ThatB.AsC.ItD.What地点：where/which/that时间：when/which/that2012定从预测13TheScienceMuseum,wevisitedduringarecenttriptoBritain,is请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!oneofLondonstouristattractions.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.where2012定从预测14Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where2012定从预测15Occasionsarequiterare.Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.when2012定从预测16Wearelivinginanage_manythingsaredoneoncomputer.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.when2012定从预测17Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where怎么确定关系代词前用什么介词?（1）定语从句中动词和什么介词搭配Guncontrolisasubject_Americanshavearguedforalongtime.(aboutwhich-argueaboutsth)Thereisnoone_shecanturnwhenintrouble(towhom-turntosbforhelp)（2）先行词常和什么介词搭配。Thereason_hewaslatewasthathegotuplate.(forwhich-thereasonfor)2012定从预测18Windpowerisanancientsourceofenergywemayreturninthenearfuture.A.onwhichB.bywhichC.towhichD.fromwhich2012定从预测19GuncontrolisasubjectAmericanshavearguedforalongtime.A.ofwhichB.withwhichC.aboutwhichD.intowhich2012定从预测20Formanycitiesintheworld,thereisnoroomtospreadoutfurther,NewYorkisanexample.A.forwhichB.inwhichC.ofwhichD.fromwhich2012定从预测21Bynineoclock,alltheOlympictorchbearershadreachedthetopofMountQomolangma,appearedararerainbowsoon.A.ofwhichB.onwhichC.fromwhichD.abovewhich易错点:插入语和定语干扰!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!请上或上百度,输入沈阳英语家教吴军查询!2012定从预测22Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum,theconstructionhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.AforwhichBwithwhichCofwhichDtowhich2012定从预测23Thenewlybuiltcaf,thewallsof_arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.A.thatB.itC.whatD.which2012定从预测24MarywasmuchkindertoJackthanshewastotheothers,ofcourse,madealltheothersupset.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.that2012定从预测25Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneofIhadevermetbefore.A.themB.whoC.whomD.these2012定从预测26Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom定语从句真题练习2009辽宁Theyvewontheirlastthreematches,_IfindabitsurprisingA.thatB.whenC.whatD.which2007辽宁Ericreceivedtrainingincomputerforoneyear,hefoundajobinabigcompany.A.afterthatB.afterwhichC.afteritD.afterthis2006辽宁Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudentsChineseintheschool,mostwerefromGermany.A.study；ofwhomB.study；ofthemC.studying；ofthemD.studying；ofwhom2004辽宁Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_aresoldabroad.A.ofwhichB.whichofC.ofthemD.ofthatDBDA名词性从句出题思路预测区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。Ihaveforgottenwherewewentyesterday.Wherewewentyesterdayiscoveredwithallkindsofflowers.Oh!Thisiswherewecameyesterday.Thisistheplacewherewecameyesterday.请上ww