健康树木的可持续发展性.ppt

HealthyTrees-SustainableLandscapeASLANationalConference2008,ChrisA.CowlesSeniorUrbanForesterISACertifiedArborist,MDLPForester,MDLicensedTreeExpert,Introduction,AboutTCOTAboutmeAboutHealthyTreesAboutyou,InfrastructureRenovationsfor23rdStreetMedianCrystalCity,VA,SessionOverview,WheredoHealthTreesbegin?GettingtotheRootoftheProblemDesignforSustainabilityNewTechniquesforSuccessinHealthyTreesQUrbansiteseasily90%-98%.Howcanyou“decompact”soilswithoutrootdamage?SSATtotherescue!,RadialMulchingwithSSATto“De-compact”SoilsBackfillwith50%OrganicCompostExcellenttimeforCompostTeas/HumatesStandBack!,ShadyGroveAdventistHospitalRenovations,Gaithersburg,MD,Subsurfacebasaldecaycanbeverifiedaswellas“Girdlingroot”investigationcanbedoneatsametime,Sustainingtreesingradefillsinsitedesign,48”DBHHickoryWheretoputPhaseItoPhaseIIconnectingdrive?T.RowePriceFinancialCenterOwingsMills,MD1995,GradefillsproposedwithintheCRZrequirespecialdesignmodificationandspecialconstructionprocedures“Rootfriendly”pavementsectionemployingthelatestingroundengagingtechnologies,SustainingTreesingradefillsinsitedesign,Butdoesitwork?10yearslater“AreweSustainableyet?”,RootAerationSystemsfrom1983-1993,BaltimoreLifeInsuranceHomeOffice,OwingsMillsCorporatePark,MD1993,15yearslater,AndwhatquestiondidtheCEOnotask?,LatestRootAerationMat(RAM)from1996-2008,SpecialtyTriplePlyGeocompositeFlexible,easeofinstallation,lessexpensiveCAUTION:ExperiencedGeotechnicalSpecialistprescribedforeachsoilsandsecond,tospreadthisloadingandprovideastablebaseinconjunctionwithotherengineeredmaterialstosupporttheproposedstructuralornonstructuralfills.Rootsoftreesforthemostpartrequireporoussoilsof80%compactionasfoundinforestsoils.Evenfillsofafewinchesovertheexistinggradeofrootscanbringaboutsuffocationandtoxicbuildupinashorttime.RootAerationSystemshavebeenemployedsuccessfullyformanyyearsinawidevarietyofconstructionscenarios,includingretainingwalls,parkinglots,statehighways,andtoeofslopeconditions.Eachsiteandapplicationvariesthusmaterialsanddesignwillvary.TheCareofTrees,Inc.Forestersfamiliarwithtreerootstructureandfunctioninginrelationtospecies,soils,andmoistureregimeimpactedbyconstructionsituationswillreviewthedesignscenarioandsite,prescribespecifications,layoutandsuperviseinstallation.Ourlatestmethodsandmaterialsarebeyondthosefoundinstateorlocalmanuals.Caution:Onlylicensedprofessionalswithmuchexperienceinrootsysteminvestigationsandimpactfromdesignandconstructionimpactsshouldattempttospecifyandprescriberootengagingtechnologies.Tomeetstructuralconcernsanexperiencedgeotechnicalprofessionalshouldbeengagedinproductandmaterialsselectionsunderproposedpavingorcurbs.Thefollowingarestepbystepguidelinesthatapplytoawidevarietyofsituations:1.TheProjectForesterorISACertifiedArboristwilldeterminethehealthandconditionoftreesinconsideration.Willthetreewithstandaddedconstructionstress?Aretheyworthyofconsiderationforspecialpreservationmeasures?Whatispastmaintenancehistoryorpriorimpactsfromsitedevelopment?2.Baseduponaccuratetreesurveylocationincludinggradesatbaseoftree,determinetheappropriateCriticalRootZoneforthetree(s.Investigativediggingmaybeneededsincerootsvaryinwidthanddepthwithspecies,soiltype,moisturelevel,andurbaninfrastructureinvolved.(RefertoCRZHandoutsheets)3.ProjectForesterwillreviewgradingandutilityplanswiththeappropriatedesignteam.HowandwherewillcutandfillimpacttheCRZ?HowwillproposedutilitiesimpactCRZ?Arethereoptionsforutilityplacement?4.DeterminehowmanysquarefeetofRootAerationMatareneeded?5.Nosoilshouldevercontactthatpartofthetreenormallyaboveground.Howissoiltobekeptfromthetrunkorrootflare?Ifaretainingwallisneededwhatdesignandmaterialwillfitthetreerootsystembasedupontheinvestigativedig?6.Theprojectforesterwilldesigntheappropriateventingsystemtofitthesiteandobjectives.HowwilltheRAMbeventedtoatmosphericconditionsfortheair/gasexchangetothesoilsurface?Willaretainingwall,curb,ortoeofslopebeused?7.Forinstallationunderstructuralfillsthereviewofageotechnicalprofessionalisrequired.Wewillnotinstallstructuralsystemsunlessageotechnicalhasreviewedandapproved.Ifnoneareavailablethatarefamiliarwiththissystemwecanprovidegeotechnicalanalysisandanswerdesignloadingquestions.8.Forstructuralfillstypically24”isminimumneededbetweenexistinggradeandproposedfinishgradeofpavement.Geogridsandotherstabilizationmethodscanbeprescribedwhenlessthan24”isavailable.9.Resolveadditionalpertinentdesign/constructionissues:10.Whatwillbetheappropriatesequenceofeventstofacilitateconstructionbutnotcompromiseprotectionofthetreerootsystem?b.Willtheest.impacttothetreesrequirerelatedtreeprotectionitemssuchasrootpruningandsilt/treeprotectionfence?Howwillthosebesequenced?c.Willadditionalarboriculturespecificationsbeprescribedfortheimpactedtrees?Thesemayincludemulching;fertilization/soilconditioners;crownpruning;cabling/lightningprotection;andIPMneeds.d.Howwillselectiveremovalofsaplings,brush,andvineswithintheprotectedCRZbeprescribed?11.AllworkwithintheCRZshallbelaidoutbytheprojectforesterorarboristandreviewedbythelandscapearchitect/civilandsitesuperintendent.InstallationshouldalwaysbebyISACertifiedArboristwithexperienceinthistypeofwork.Budgetnumberfortherootaerationmatsystemsisusuallybetween$2.00-3.00/squarefootinstalleddependingupondegreeofdifficultyandeconomiesofscale.Forasite/treeassessmentandplanreviewcontactoneofourlocaloffices.Foranin-officeeducationalpowerpointpresentationregardingtheseandotherstateofthearetreepreservationplanning,design,orconstructionmeasures,callthebelowoffice.TheCareofTrees,Inc.,theleaderin“rootengagingtechnologies”.,SustainingRoots-DesignGuidelineforPreservingTreesinConstructionGradeFills,ThepurposeoftheRootAerationMat(RAM)istwo-fold:1)Provideatmosphericgasexchange,2)Stabilizeandspreadtheload.RootsoftreesforthemostpartrequireporoussoilsNosoilshouldevercontactthatpartofthetreenormallyabovegroundTheprojectforesterwilldesigntheappropriateventingsystemtofitthesiteandobjectivesForinstallationunderstructuralfillsthereviewofageotechnicalprofessionalisrequiredForstructuralfillstypically24”isminimumneededbetweenexistinggradeandproposedfinishgradeofpavementResolveadditionalpertinentdesign/constructionissuesAllworkwithintheCRZshallbelaidoutbytheprojectforesterorarboristandreviewedbythelandscapearchitect/civilandsitesuperintendent,Howdowesustainrootsadjacenttobuildingexcavationsbutstillallowroomtobuild?,HealthyRootsattheedge-AsolutiontotheinterfaceofSuperSiltFenceLOD/TPFthatavoidscuttingrootsforSSF,Howdowebuildamasonrystructurebetween2prizedmaturetrees?,IncorporateRootProtectionMatting(RPM)intothedesignandconstruction,PrivateresidenceonHillmeadRd,Bethesda,MD.,RootProtectionMatSpecificationsRootProtectionMatwithinCRZs(asdesignatedonTPAK):ObjectiveofRPMistoallowdesignatedconstructionactivitieswithinthetreesprotectedcriticalrootzonewithminimalcompactionorruttingtosurfacesoilsandrootsystem.MethodsandproceduresfordemolitionofRPMisjustascriticalastheproperinstallation.RPMspecificationsarealwaysafunctionofparentsoilmake-upandprojectedloading(staticVSdynamiccompaction)andfrequency/numberoftrips.Soilmake-upcanvarywithseasons(wetvsdry).Experiencedgeotechnicalrepresentativeshouldbeconsultedonceexactloadingpotentialisknown.Exactlocation/layoutofRPMtobeapprovedbyprojectforester.Storm&SanitarySewerExcavationwithsteeltrackedexcavator:-2layersRPMoverwoodchipswithAlturnamatWaterlineorconduitexcavationusingrubbertrackedmini-excavatorwithpsi4.2orlesswithoperatorandload):-2mulch+TriplanerGeonet(doublesided)forequipmentoperationandsoilsstockpilewithinCRZofprotectedtrees.TemporaryMobileHome/ConstructionTrailerwithnovehicleparking-sameasabove.UseRubbertrackedskidsteerforinstallation.AllaccesswithinCRZsonRPM.Staging/StockpileAreaforheavyequipment/truckswithinCRZs-AmerdrainSoilDrainageMat+TriplanarGeonet+Bi-axilGeogrid+12Crushedstonewithsiltfence(installedon-grade)perimeter.AboveStaging/StockpileoutsideCRZsuseonlyGeonetwithcrushedstone.AddGeogridifconcretetrucksorconstructionforkliftsareusedrepeatedly.RecommendinstallationonlybycontractarboristexperiencedinRootProtectionMattingforvariousapplications.,TemporaryRootProtectionMatGuidelines,RootprotectionmatwithinCRZs(asenumeratedonTPPK)Storm&sanitarysewerexcavation2mulch+TriplanerGeonet(doublesided)Temporarymobilehome/constructiontrailerStaging/stockpileareaRecommendinstallationonlybycontractarboristexperiencedinrootprotectionmattingforvariousapplications,StressReduction-HealthySoilBiologyisKeyforUrbanTreesHowsustainableisyourRhizosphere?,Fungalstrandswithsandgrainsfordrainage,Mycorrhizaladds400 xabsorption,Macropodstrans