外文翻译--自卸车结构原理与油缸介绍

附 录 附录 A 外文文献原文 Dump structure, principle and introduce the fuel tank Mainly by the hydraulic dump truck dump bodies, cars, and its annexes constitute the frame. Hydraulic dump them inside the structure of institutions and manufacturers in various different modifications, the following compartments and the lifting mechanism in accordance with the pattern of the two aspects of the structure of that dump truck. 1、 compartment type Node compartments by use of different body types can be broadly divided into: general rectangular bucket compartment and inside mine Ordinary rectangular compartments for the carriage of goods in bulk. Plate with subsequent automatic opening and closing of institutions, to ensure smooth unloading of goods. Ordinary rectangular compartment thickness as follows: pre-board 4 to 6mm, side panels 4 to 8mm, after the board 5 to 8mm, floor 6to 12mm. Inside bucket mining is applicable to a larger particle size, such as large stones of goods in transit. Taking into account the impact of goods and touch buildings, mining bucket inside the design of more complex shape, with thicker material. Models and some welding in the floor on a number of angles in order to increase stiffness and impact-car capacity. 2、 lifting body type Dump truck lifting mechanism is the core of the primary advantages and disadvantages of discriminant indicators truck. Type lifting mechanism common current: F-type lifting mechanism to enlarge tripod, T-style tripod lifting mechanism to enlarge, double lift, the former top-lift and double rollover. Enlarge tripod-type lifting mechanism is currently the most frequently used means of a lift for 8-40 tons dead weight, train length from 4.4 to 6 meters. Advantage of the structure of mature, stable lifting and cheap； disadvantages inside the frame on the main floor of the closed height of the larger plane. Most forms of double lift truck in 6X4, it is in the second on both sides of the bridge in front of more than one level of the tank is installed (usually 3-4), the hydraulic cylinder on the fulcrum of a direct role in the compartment floor. Double advantage of lifting the main floor for the inside frame of theclosing high on a smaller plane； the shortcomings of the hydraulic system is very difficult to ensure synchronization of two hydraulic cylinders, give less smooth Health on the inside bottom of the overall stiffness higher. Lift the top way before the simple structure, inside the frame on the main floor of the closed high plane can be very small, vehicle stability, the smaller the hydraulic system pressure, but the first trip at the most larger-cylinder class, the high cost . Double-sided cylinder roll force is better, less travel to achieve double-rollover； but more complex hydraulic piping, Health cited a higher rate of roll-over accident. Dump it works: Take a manual jack is the principle of its work, Jack is the most simple of the fuel tank. Pseudosasa pressurized by manually (manual hydraulic pump) to enable the hydraulic fluid through a valve into the fuel tank of the individual, when the hydraulic oil into the fuel tank because of the reasons for individual valve can not be returned back and forced the cylinder rod upward, and then work to continue to keep the hydraulic oil into the hydraulic cylinder, it is so constantly on the rise, when we want to lower the hydraulic valve to open so that hydraulic oil back to tank. This is the most simple working principle, all other improvements on this basis. Dump material tank: fuel tank truck raw materials are generally seamless steel tubes, material for the Si-Mn. Dump truck with the fuel tank of the limits of the piston pressure is 16 MPa, the fuel tank of the scope of the trip ranges from 3830-8000. Billion as a professional production company pre-tank truck manufacturers, dump truck produced by the fuel tank with all the characteristics of the fuel tank. Dump truck and use the performance of the fuel tank: the fuel tank of the main straight for the top pre-dump truck lifting mechanism, the use of advanced processing technology, high-quality steel, import-type seals in general, reasonable structure, reliable performance, with the installation and maintenance convenience, lifting large tonnage, long life and so on. 附录 B外文文献中文翻译 自卸车结构原理与油缸介绍 自卸车主要由液压倾卸机构、车厢、车架及其附件构 成。其中液压倾卸机构和车厢结构各个改装厂家不尽相同，以下按车厢和举升机构的型式两个方面说明自卸车的结构。 1、车厢型式 车厢结机构型式按用途不同大概可分为：普通矩形车厢和矿用铲斗车厢普通矩形车厢用于散装货物运输。其后板装有自动开合机构，保证货物顺利卸出。普通矩形车厢板厚为：前板 4 到 6mm，边板 4 到 8mm，后板 5 到 8mm，底板 6 到 12mm。 矿用铲斗车厢则适用于大石块等粒度较大货物的运输。考虑到货物的冲击和碰幢，矿用铲斗车厢的设计形状较复杂，用料较厚。而且有些车型在底板上焊接一些角钢，以增加车厢的刚度和抗冲击 能力。 2、举升机构型式 举升机构是自卸车的核心，是判别自卸车优劣的首要指标。举升机构的型式目前国内常见的有： F 式三角架放大举升机构、 T 式三角架放大举升机构、双缸举升、前顶举升和双面侧翻。 三角架放大式举升机构是目前国内使用最多的一种举升方式，适用载重量 8 到 40 吨，车厢长度 4.4 到 6 米。优点为结构成熟、举升平稳、造价低；缺点为车厢底板与主车架上平面的闭合高度较大。 双缸举升形式大多用在 6X4 自卸车上，是在第二桥前方两侧各安装一支多级缸（一般为 3 到 4级），液压缸上支点直接作用在车厢底板上。双缸举升的优点为车厢 底板与主车架上平面的闭合高度较小；缺点是液压系统很难保证两液压缸同步，举生平稳性较差，对车厢底板的整体刚度要求较高。 前顶举升方式结构简单、车厢底板与主车架上平面的闭合高度可以很小，整车稳定性好，液压系统压力较小，但前顶多级缸行程较大，造价很高。 双面侧翻液压缸受力较好，行程较小，可实现双面侧翻；但液压管路较复杂，举生翻车事故发生率较高。 自卸车工作原理：拿一个手动千斤顶来说它的工作原理，千斤顶是个最简单的油缸了。通过手动增压秆 (液压手动泵 )使液压油经过一个单项阀进入油缸，这时进入油缸的液压油因为单项阀 的原因不能再倒退回来，逼迫缸杆向上，然后在做工继续使液压油不断进入液压