新概念第二册21课被动语态.ppt

,动词语态英语动词有两种语态主动语态：主语是动作的执行者被动语态：主语是动作的承受者ManypeoplespeakEnglish.(主动语态)Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态),Readthefollowingsentences1.Itiscalledastamp.2.Whatsitmadeof?3.Whichlanguageisspokenbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld.4.Englishisusedverywidelyasaforeignlanguage,5.SilkisproducedinSuzhou.6.Wherearebananasgrown?,二.模仿上列句子连词成句,Silk,produce,inHangzhou.Cars,make,inTianjin.tea,grow,inFujian.English,speak,inAustralia.Glass,produce,inGermany.Ships,make,inJapan.,被动语态构成,助动词+及物动词的过去分词（be+P.P.),以see为例，比较主动语和态被动语态的结构形式,肯定句，否定句及疑问句如下。,CarsaremadeinChangchun.CarsarenotmadeinChangchun.-ArecarsmadeinChangchun?(-Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.)Wherearecarsmade?p26,Readtext-2,Whencanweusethepassivevoice?,不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。,Mybikewasstolenlastnight.昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.信件每天早晨八点收取。,ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.这张课桌是王师傅做的。Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.那个口袋是她姐姐提走的。,2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。,被动语态使用方法,Article1_popwin_title,3.为了更好地安排句子。,Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）那个名人一上车就立刻被大家认出来了。,Ihaveanewskirt.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyaunt.我有条新裙子。它是我阿姨送给我作为生日礼物的。,4.在上下文中，为了使句子间连接紧密时。如：,将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语。将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be+过去分词”结构。将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。,主动语态改为被动语态的方法,将下列句子改成被动语态。1.WeuseEnglishasaforeignlanguage.,Englishisusedasaforeignlanguage(byus),2.PeoplewritebusinesslettersinEnglish,Businesslettersarewritten(bypeople)inEnglish.,3.TheymaketelephonecallsinEnglish.,Telephonecallsaremade(bythem)inEnglish.,4.TravelersandbusinesspeopleuseEnglish.,Englishisusedbytravelersandbusiness.,5.FarmersgrowriceinZhejiang.,RiceisgrownbyfarmersinZhejiang.,过去时,含情态动词的被动语态,AmankilledJack.HanMeifoundGrannybooks.Theybuiltthebridge.,Jackwaskilled(byaman).,GrannybookswerefoundbyHanMei.,Thebridgewasbuilt.,Hecananswerthequestion.Wemustplanttreesinspring.Nurseshouldtakecareofthechildren.,Thequestioncanbeanswered(byhim.),Treesmustbeplantedinspring.,Childrenshouldbetakencareof.,主动语态变为被动语态时注意,含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时有两种情况:EgHegavetheboyanapple.(1)把间接宾语改为主语,直接宾语保留不变:Theboywasgivenanapple(2)把直接宾语改为主语,此时,间接宾语前要加to或for.Anapplewasgiventotheboy.(give,pass,show,send-to)(buy,draw,make,-for),3.短语动词是不可分割的整体,改为被动语态时要保持其完整性,介词或副词不可遗漏.Wemusttakegoodcareoftheyoungtrees.Youngtreesmustbetakengoodcareof.,4.带复合宾语的动词改为被动语态时,一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语,宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语.Hecuthishairshort.Hishairwascutshort.Theytoldhimtohelpme.Hewastoldtohelpme.5.注意:不及物动词不能用被动语态happen,takeplace,appear,takecareof/lookafter/takeoff/lookat/sendfor/lookup,EgTheoldmanshouldbetakengoodcareof.,主动表示被动情况1某些VI动词表被动含义如carryout/lockopen/read/teach/wash/write用来说明主语性质特征,常与not/hardly/well/easily/badly/nicely等连用Meatcutseasily.Thecardroveeasily.Hisnovelsellswell某些感观动词表被动含义如feel/look/taste/smell/soundThisshirtfeelsmuchsofterthanthatone.Thisorangetastesnice.,3某些动词表被动含义如weigh/measure/cost/last/breakout/takeplace/happen,Themeetinglastedtwohours.4get/come/go+P.P表示被动含义用来强调动作结果或表示出乎意料的偶然事件.come/go常与否定连用Theygotdelayedbecauseoftheholidaytraffic.Thewomanscomplaintswentunnoticed.,5在need/want/require/deserve+doing句型中,动名词表示被动.,Thegardenneedswatering=Thegardenneedstobewatered.6有些动词的不定式(blame/let/rent用主动表被动Nobodywastoblamefortheaccident.Thehouseistolet.7一些介词短语用作定语或表语时表被动Thethiefwasunderarrest.Applesareonsale.,HowmanyHarryPorterbookshasJ.K.Rowlingwritten?,ShehaswrittensevenHarryPorterbooks.,SevenHarryPorterbookshavebeenwrittenbyJ.K.Rowling.,Changethefollowingsentencesintoactiveorpassivevoice.,1.LiuXianghaseverbrokentheworldrecord.,TheworldrecordhaseverbeenbrokenbyLiuXiang.,2.Thefloorhasbeencleanedbymymother.,Mymotherhascleanedthefloor.,3.YaoMinghasbeenpushedoverbyafatbasketballplayer.,AfatbasketballplayerhaspushedYaoMingover.,4.Ihaventcleanedtheroomforweeks.,Theroomhasntbeencleanedbymeforweeks.,5.Wehavebeeninvitedtotakepartinhiswedding.,Hehasinvitedustotakepartinhiswedding.,6.Myfatherhasgivenupsmokingsofar.,Smokinghasbeengivenupsofar.,7.Someonehasopenedmybag.,Mybaghasbeenopenedbysomeone.,8.Allthelettershavealreadybeensentbythepostmen.,Thepostmenhavealreadysentalltheletters.,2.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_manytimesontheradio.(2008安徽)taughtB.havetaughtC.areteachingD.havebeentaught,D,Whenyougetthepaperback,payattentiontowhat_.(2007四川)havemarkedhavebeenmarkedhadmarkedhadbeenmarked,B,10.现在完成时的被动语态：主语+_/_+_+_+(by+_)e.g.Someonehasstolenmybag.(主动语态)Mybag_been_bysomeone.(被动语态)Wehaventfoundtheanswertothequestion.(主动语态)Theanswertothequestion_been_byus.(被动语态),have,has,被动语态,been,过去分词,名词,has,stolen,hasnt,found,11.情态动词表示推测的被动语态：e.g.她唱得真好。我想她以前肯定是名歌手。他今天没有来上学，肯定是病了。-Hi,Tom.AnyideawhereJaneis?-She_intheclassroom.Isawhertherejustnow.(2009年重庆高考)A.shallbeB.shouldhavebeenC.mustbeD.mighthavebeen.,C,Shesingssowell.Ithinkshemusthavebeenasinger.,Hedoesntcometoschooltoday.Hemustbeill.,将下列句子改为被动语态：,WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.Theparentsfoundtheboyinthestreet.3.Wemustcleantheblackboard.4.Isawherreadingabookhoursago.,Arecorderisoftenused(byus)inourEnglishclass.,Theboywasfound(bytheparents)inthestreet,Theblackboardmustbecleaned(byus).,Shewasseenreadingabookhoursago.,6.Someonehasstolenmybike.Theyarebuildingahouse.Myfamilywillbuyacomputernextweek.,Mybikehasbeenstolen.,Ahouseisbeingbuilt.,Acomputerwillbeboughtnextweek.,（二）IoftenbuyMothersomething.Mybrothergavemeabook.Wecanhearhersingthissong.Theboyswordsmadeuslaugh.,Motherisoftenboughtsomething.,SomethingisoftenboughforMother.,Iwasgivenabook.,Abookwasgiventome.,Shecanbeheardtosingthissong.,Weweremadetolaughbytheboyswords.,4.Sheshouldlookupthenewwordsinadictionary.5.Theoldmanputonahat.,Thenewwordsshouldbelookedupinadictionary.,Ahatwasputon.,1Thesilenceofthelibrary_onlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.AhasbeenbrokenBbreaksCbrokeDwasbrokenSarah,hurryup,Imafraidyouwonthavetimeto_beforetheparty.AgetchangedBgetchangeCgetchangingDgettochange,D,A,3Rainforests_andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.AcutBarecutCarebeingcutDhadbeencut4Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection_.AhascompletedBcompletesChasbeencompletedDiscompleted,C,D,5Allthepreparationsforthetask_,andwearereadytostart.AcompletedBhadbeencompletedChavebeencompletedDcomplete6Hundredsofjobs_ifthefactorycloses.AlostBwillbelostCarelostDwilllose,C,B,7Hetoldustokeepasecretofthethings_.AdiscussingBtodiscussCbeingdiscussedDhavingdiscussed8ThemayorofBe