短文改错复习的教学设计.ppt

云光中学-张绍春,短文改错专题,Howtocorrectacomposition,（1）词法内容。包括名词、代词的数与格，反身代词，动词时态语态，非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。（2）句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。（3）行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理判断等。,短文改错,高考内容,a.(00)Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.,schoolmates,b.(04)Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.,strangers,c.(01)TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatIllgetmarksinallmysubject.,subjects,1.名词,考点设置,e.(02)OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.,pictures,e.(05)Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool,命题特点:本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.,f.(06)Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.,advantages,idea,（一）分清可数名词与不可数名词，记住常用不可数名词。（二）熟记可数名词的单复数形式变化及不规则名词单复数变化形式。（三）注意可数名词在句中的用法，要么在前加a,an或the，要么用它的复数形式。（四）不能混淆修饰词。（只能修饰可数名词的有few,afew,many,anumberof,manya,只能修饰不可数名词的有little,alittle,much,anamountof,agreatdealof,两者都可修饰的有some,any,alotof,plentyof,aquantityof,massesof)（五）注意固定搭配中的单复数形式。（六）并列结构中单，复数一致。,名词,a.(02)Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.,b.(03)SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.,c.(03)OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.,us,2.代词,myself,it,d.(05)Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.,their,e.(03)IwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.f.(06)Ijustsmiledtomeandthought,“WhatcanIdo?Weareguestsafterall.”,命题特点：1.女性代词指代男性或相反；2.单数指代复数；3.代词词性误用。改正方法：联系上下文的逻辑关系。,myself,myself,they,代词（一）人称代词应注意（）不能错用人称代词（主格和宾格，形物和名物）；上下文指代不一致。(）上下文单复数一致；（）上下文阴阳性一致。（二）指示代词应注意（）this,that表示单数，those,these表示复数（）such,same多用于固定结构，例如：such.as/that,thesameas/that.(三）关系代词和关系副词不能混淆。（四）熟记常用的不定代词，如：one,all,both,either,neither,each,many,much,little,few,other,another,something,anything,nothing等。注意：something,anything,nothing,常看作单数，修饰它们的形容词应后置。,a.(01)wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.,b.(02)IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.,c.(03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.,d.(04)Welltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.,3.介词,at,about,e.(05)Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.,for,in,f.(06)Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.,in,命题特点及改正方法：介词涉及搭配错误，因此可从以下方面确定错误：1）介词的基本用法；2）习惯搭配；3）动词词类确定错误，如talk,serve,wait等。,a.(01)Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat-,do,b.(02)Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.,c.(03)Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.,d.(04)Idontknowthattheydontliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.,4.动词时态,passed,read,talk,f.(05)Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.g.(06)WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelago.,命题特点及改正方法：现在时与过去时的误用，句中一般没有时间状语。每年都考。要注意联系上下文，着眼于整个语篇的时态。通常整篇都是过去，突然一个句子用现在时。其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。,took,had,动词常见错误,1)一般过去时与一般现在时错用。2)第三人称单数形式错用,。3)And前后动词时态不一致。4)主谓不一致。5)缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）。6)Usedtodo错用7)主动与态与被动语态错用8）及物动词与不及物动词混用，及物动词加介词多余，不及物后面未加介词。,a.(00)Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.,and,b.(01)Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.,c.(02)Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.,or,5.andbutor误用及前后不一致,d.(06)Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.,e.(02)wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.,but,and,visited,f.(03)shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。1）根据句意确定错误；2）根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误,read,a.(02)Itwasaboutnoonwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.,in,b.(04)Idontknowthattheydontliketotalkwithme.,c.(03)ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateeverythingintoEnglish.,how,6.从句连词,d.(01)Whatthingsareinotherhomes,Iwonder.,why,when,f.(05)Earningtheirownmoneyallowsthemtospendonanythingasiftheyplease.,g.(06)Theydidnotwantbreakfastbecausethattheyweregoingoutearlyinthemorning.,if,that,命题特点及改正方法：句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。解答这类题从以下方面来思考：1）句子结构是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）复合句中边接方句和从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。,a.(02)Aseveryoneknows,itsfamousmountainwithallkindsofplantsandanimals.,the,b.(01)Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof,but-,c.(04)onThursdayIwillhavetodecidewhatIwanttodooveraweekend.,the,7.冠词,a,d.(05)Ihopeyouvehadpleasantjourneyhome,a,命题特点及改正方法：英语中冠词只有三个，只能从以下几个方向出题：1）不定冠词a和an互改；2）不定冠词a或an和定冠词the互改；3）根据需要增删冠词。,a.(04)Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly.,quiet,b.(04)TherehavebeenreportsinAmericaaboutpeopletryingtostealpersoninformationforbadpurposes.,personal,c.(04)FindinginformationontheNetiseasily.,easy,d.(05)SowhatIlearnedfromthejobwasmuchmoreimportantaswhatIearned.,than,8.形容词、副词,e.(05)Mypronunciationwasterribly.f.(06)Theycamebacklatelyandhadsometea.,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。1）根据adj.或adv.的基本用法确定错误；2）修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；3）修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,terrible,late,形容词和副词一）分清形容词和副词，譬如有以-y结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。例如:Friendly,lively,lovely,likely,dearly,silly,orderly,lonely.二）正确使用形容词或副词，尤其是同形兼类词。形容词修饰名词，作定语；置于系动词后，作表语；副词作状语，修饰动词，形容词，其它副词，甚至整个句子。三）分清等级使用，以免混淆。四）正确使用修饰等级的修饰词。,a.(01)MyparentswilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.,to,b.(02)Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.,talking,c.(03)SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish.,9.非谓语动词,visited,d.(05)Somestudentsmayalsotosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.,to,f.(05)Earningtheirownmoneyallowthemtospendonanythingastheyplease.,命题特点改正方法：1）谓语动词和非谓语动词的错用；2）动词不定式和动名词的错用；3）现在分词和过去分词的错用等。,allows,（1）整体把握短文大意。（2）逐句分析，把握结构。（3）粗略分析词法、句法、逻辑上是否有问题。（4）逐行修改，先易后难。（5）复读全文，验证答案。（6）要注意答题是否合乎规范。,应试技巧点拨,此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个勾（）如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。注意：原行没有错的不要改。,解题要求,必考类型应记住，名词多考单复数。动词时态和语态,代词逻辑要区分。并列连词是重点,从属连词易误用。介词搭配要记牢，“1116”来比较。以下项目经常考,冠词形副非谓语。其它不会全打勾,回读复查敲定稿。,改错秘诀,2006高考全国卷,AnAmericanandaFrenchmandecidedtocrosstheseabetweenFranceandEnglandintheballoonin1784.High76overthewater,theydiscoveraholeintheballoon.The77holebecamebiggerandbigger.Theairkeepsthe78balloonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwas79comingup.Thetwomenthrewalltheirequipmentinto80,Thewatertomaketheballoonlight.Itstartedtorise81higheragain.Soitwasstilltooclosetothewater.82finally,thementhrewawaymostofhisclothesto83savethemselves.Thecrowdwaitingfortogreetthemin84Englandwasverysurprisedseethiswhentheballoon85landedinfrontofthem.,AnAmericanandaFrenchmandecidedt