中考英语语法考点复习非谓语动词.ppt

非谓语动词,中考语法,非谓语动词概述,非谓语动词在句子除不能独立作谓语外，可以充当句中的所有其它成分；它没有人称和数的变化，故又称非限定动词；虽然不能独立做谓语，但仍保留动词的其它特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。,考点分布,1.考查动词不定式下列用法：（1）作宾语（2）作宾语补足语（3）作状语（4）用在how,when,where,what,which等之后。2.考查动名词用法。,考点梳理,考点一动词不定式,1.动词不定式的构成和用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：toreadthenewspaper,tospeakatthemeeting等。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。,考点梳理,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()1.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_onabigrock.A.tohaverestedB.torestC.restingD.rest()2.Look!Thelightsintheclassroomarestillon.Oh,Iforgot_.A.turningthemoffB.turnthemoffC.toturnthemoffD.havingturnedthemoff()3.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin,B,C,A,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()4.Thepolicemanwarnedtheyoungman_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive()5.Ittakesmehalfanhour_thepianoeveryday.A.playB.playingC.toplayD.played()6.Myjobis_English.A.teachyouB.teachingyouC.toteachyourD.toteachyou,A,C,D,考点梳理,2.常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:,考点梳理,()7.Dontforget_thankswhenotherpeoplehelpyou.A.acceptB.toacceptC.sayD.tosay()8.Hepromised_hisoldfriendduringhisstayinTianjin.A.seeB.seeingC.sawD.tosee()9.Remember_offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturnB.turningC.turnD.turned()10.Manyoldmenprefer_inthepeacefulcountryside.A.toliveB.livingC.liveD.lived,D,A,【考点精练】,D,A,考点梳理,3.常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:,()11.Marycalledandaskedherhusband_homeatonce,becauseshelockedtheirdaughterinthehome.A.toleaveB.leaveC.goD.togo()12.Mr.Wangoftenencouragesus_closetonatureandenjoyitsbeauties.A.getBgettingC.toget,D,C,考点梳理,4.常见的后面接不带“to”的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：一感，二听，三让，四看，半帮。解释为：一感：feel；二听：hear，listento；三让：make，let，have；四看：see，notice，watch，observe；半帮：help；helpsb.(to)dosth.注意：变成被动语态时，动词原形前要加“to”。如：IsawTomgetintotheteachersoffice.Tomwasseentogetintotheteachersoffice.,考点梳理,()13.Youlooksotired.Mymothermakesme_playingthepianofor2hourseveryday.A.practiceB.topracticeC.practicingD.topracticing()14.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_.Healwaysworkshard.A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning()15.DoyoulikeZhouLibostalkshow?Yes.Histalkshowisveryfunny.Italwaysmakespeople_.A.laughBlaughedC.laughingD.tolaugh,A,B,【考点精练】,A,考点梳理,5.特殊疑问词+todo结构动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用，构成不定式短语。在句子充当主语、宾语、表语等。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.（作表语）问题是何时动身。Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.(作宾语)他给我们演示怎样使用计算机。Whattodoisabigproblem.（作主语）做什么是个大问题。,考点梳理,()16.ThereresomanybeautifulpresentsintheshopthatIdontknow_.A.tochoosewhichoneB.whatchooseC.whichonetochooseD.tochoosewhat()17.Alloftheplansareverygood.Ireallydontknow_.A.whichtotalkB.whichtotalkaboutC.totalkaboutwhichD.Iaskedyouforhelp()18.Simon,Ihearyouaregoingabroadforfurtherstudy.Haveyoudecided_?NextSeptember.A.whengoingB.whentogoC.howgoingD.howtogo,C,B,【考点精练】,B,考点梳理,考点二动名词,1.动名词的构成和用法动名词由“动词+ing”构成，常在句子中用做主语、表语和宾语。用法见下表：,考点梳理,()19.Theretiredcoupleenjoy_photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.A.takeB.took.C.totakeD.taking()20._isbadforourhealth.A.DoingeyeexercisesB.GotobedearlyC.EatingtoomuchD.Takingawalk,D,C,【考点精练】,考点梳理,2.常见的后面接动名词作宾语的动词有:,考点梳理,()21.Hedidntfeellike_outforawalk,becausehehadcaughtacold.A.togoB.goesC.goneD.going()22.Thestudentsarebusy_readyfortheexamnow.A.gettingB.getC.gotD.toget()23.Wouldyoumind_forafewminutes?No,notatall.A.waitB.towaitC.waitedD.waiting()24.Haveyoureadthisbook?Itsworth_.A.toreadB.readC.readingD.toberead,D,A,【考点精练】,D,C,考点梳理,3.介词如：in,at,for,of,from,up,about,to后要接动名词。下列几个词组的“to”为介词：beusedtodoing习惯于做某事preferdoingtodoing宁愿而不愿lookforwardtodoing盼望着做某事payattentiontodoing注意做某事makeacontributiontodoing为做贡献,考点梳理,()25.Aclockismadefor_usthetime.A.tellB.tellingC.totellD.tells()26.Imlookingforwardto_myparentssoon.Whataboutyou?Metoo.A.seeingB.seeC.sawD.seen()27.Hewasafraidof_herupwhenhelefttheroom.A.wakingB.towakeC.wakesD.woke,B,A,【考点精练】,A,考点梳理,考点三过去分词,1.作定语如：ThegirlcalledLucywontheEnglishspeechcontest.那个叫Lucy的女孩赢了英语演讲比赛。2.作宾语补足语如：Thereissomethingwrongwithmybike.Ihavetogetitrepaired.我的自行车坏了，我得找人修一下。常跟过去分词作宾语补足语的有：have/getsth.done请人做某事,考点梳理,()28.Thecar_inGermanyinthe1960slooksoldnow.A.producedB.producingC.toproduceD.whichproduced()29.Whatareonshowinthemuseum?Somepictures_bytheAfricans.A.drawingB.drawnC.drewD.weredrawn()30.Youdbetterhaveyoursportsjacket_.Itstoodirty.Thanks.Iwill.A.towashB.washedC.washingD.wash,A,B,【考点精练】,B,考点梳理,考点四感官动词的基本用法,see,watch,hear,notice这几个感官动词后面既可接不带“to”的动词不定式（即动词原形），又可接v-ing形式做宾语补足语。它们的区别在于：1.经常或已经发生的动作，用不带“to”的动词不定式。如：WeoftenhearhersingEnglishsongsinthenextroom.我们经常听到她在隔壁房间唱英文歌。Isawtheteachercomeintotheclassroomjustnow.刚才我看见老师走进了教室。2.正在进行的动作用v-ing形式。如：Weheardhimtalkinginclass.我们听见他正在教室说话。,考点梳理,()31.IheardMother_withFatherinthenextroomattenlastnight.A.talkB.talkingC.totalkD.istalking()32.Isawhim_intheclassroom.A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping()33.Ioftenwatchhim_tennis.A.toplayB.playC.playingD.plays,B,D,【考点精练】,B,考点梳理,考点五几组易混淆的词组辨析,考点梳理,()34.Hedroppedthestick,sohestopped_itup.A.topickB.pickingC.pickD.picked()35.Itstopped_.Wecangoouttoplay.A.torainB.rainingC.fromrainingD.toraining,A,B,【考点精练】,考点梳理,考点六常用句型和结构,1.hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事2.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.宁愿而不愿3.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿而不愿4.Would/Will/Couldyouplease(not)dosth？请你(不)好吗？5.Whynot?=Whydontyou?为什么不做？6.Thereisnotimetodo没有时间做,考点梳理,7.Itstime+(forsb.)+todo是做的时间了。8.too+adj./adv.+(forsb.)+todosth.（对某人来说）太而不能做9.主语+think/make/find/feel+it+adj./n.+todosth.10.Its+clever/kind/good/right/wrong/foolish/nice+ofsb.+todosth.11.Its+easy/difficult/important/interesting/hard+forsb.+todosth.12.What/Howaboutdoingsth.?怎么样？13.havefun/problems/trou