中考英语语法考点复习名词.ppt

名词,中考语法,名词概述,名词表示人、事物、地点、现象或抽象概念等的名称。如：teacher,desk,England,love等,考点分布,（1）可数名词及其单复数（2）不可数名词（3）专有名词（4）名词所有格,考点梳理,考点一名词的分类,考点梳理,考点一名词的分类,考点梳理,注意：有些名词既可做可数名词，也可作不可数名词。如：,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()1._ismadeof_.A.glass;glassB.Aglass;glassC.Glasses;glassesD.Aglass;glasses()2.Helpyourselfto_.A.chickensandapplesB.chickensandappleC.chickenandappleD.chickenandapples()3.Ihavetwo_andthreebottlesof_here.A.orange,orangeB.oranges,orangesC.oranges,orangeD.orange,oranges,B,D,C,考点梳理,考点二名词的数,1.可数名词单复数的规则变化（表示可以计算数目的人或物称为可数名词）,考点梳理,考点梳理,在平常的学习中我们可以用一些耳熟能详的顺口溜巧计一些东西，让杂乱的东西条理化，枯燥的东西趣味化。如：1.以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词变复数，常见词尾加-es的词有四个：即tomato,potato,hero,negro我们可以这样记：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和马铃薯,【策略点播】,考点梳理,2.以f(e)结尾的名词变复数，需要把-f(e)改为v，再加-es常见的有9个，它们分别是：wife,knife,wolf,thief,shelf,self,life,half,leaf。可以这样记：妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；(wife，knife,wolf，thief)躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。(shelf,self，life，half，leaf)注意：由self构成的复合词，其变化与self相同。如：myselfourselves,【策略点播】,考点梳理,2.可数名词单复数的不规则变化,考点梳理,考点梳理,注意：有些名词虽然以-s结尾却表示单数，如：news,grass,physics,politics等,考点梳理,【考点精练】,5.Tomsfamily_big.Tomsfamily_filmfans.(be)6.Theteamoften_(win)thematches.Afterwinning,theteam_(have)ashower.()7.Heis_.A.anEnglishB.aEnglishmanC.aEnglishD.English()8.AfterP.E.,Ioftenfeelverythirsty.Whynotbuysome_todrink?A.breadB.noodlesC.applejuiceD.teas,D,C,is,are,wins,have,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()9.Therearefifty_inourschool.Theyareallfriendlytous.A.womanteachersB.womenteacherC.womanteacherD.womenteachers()10.Couldyoupleasegetmesome_?Imhungry.A.appleB.waterC.breadD.egg()11.A/An_canusehisdrawingstotellaboutbeautifulmountains,theblueseaandmanyotherthings.A.actorB.scientistC.artistD.doctor,D,C,C,考点梳理,考点三名词的量,1.可数名词的量可数名词的量可直接用“数字名词的复数”表示，如：twoeggs,tenbooks2.不可数名词的量常见的不可数名词有：music,fun,news,information,advice,weather,homework,work,air,time,money,paper,traffic,practice,progress等。它们不能直接和表示数字的词或a/an连用，没有复数形式。但可以借助量词来表示数量，即“量词名词”，如：apieceofpaper,aglassofwater,twobowlsofrice,fivecupsoftea,考点梳理,常用搭配：apieceofpaper/news/bread/meat/advice/information/chalk常见短语：abottleof,acupofcoffee,adropofwater,abagofrice,ablockofice,twopiecesof,apairof3.可数名词与不可数名词的不确切量的表达方式few,afew,many,several,a(large/small)numberof+可数名词little,alittle,much,alarge/smallamountof,agreatdealof+不可数名词some,any,plentyof,enough,alotof/lotsof+可数/不可数名词,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()12.YesterdayfordinnerIhadapieceofbeef,vegetablesand_.A.somericeB.afewriceC.alittlericesD.arice()13.In_time,thosemountainswillbecoveredwithtrees.A.fewyearB.afewyearsC.fewyearsD.afewyears,A,B,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()14.Webought_formymothersbirthday.A.somemeatsB.somepiecesmeatC.apieceofmeatD.piecesofmeats()15.Thererealotof_downthere,buthardlyany_.A.horse;peopleB.horses;peoplesC.cow;peopleD.sheep;people,C,D,考点梳理,考点四名词所有格（名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系）,1.s所有格(主要表示有生命的人或物的名词),考点梳理,注意：表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，也可以用s所有格。如：todaysnewspaper今天的报纸theworldsbiggestproblem世界最大的问题anhourswalk/ride走路/开车一小时的路程eightdaysholiday=aneight-dayholiday八天的假期,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()16.Istheschoolbagunderthedeskyours?No,itsmy_.Heleftittherejustnow.A.brotherB.brothersC.brothersD.brothers()17.Thisis_bedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.JennyandMariasB.JennysandMariaC.JennysandMariasD.JennyandMaria,B,A,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()18.Howfarisyourhomefromschool?Itsabouttwo_walk.A.hoursB.hoursC.hoursD.hour()19.Whereareyougoing,Lucy?_.A.TomyuncleB.TomyunclesC.AtmyuncleD.Atmyuncles,B,B,考点梳理,2.of所有格主要用于无生命的名词，如：thegateoftheschool学校大门awindowoftheroom房间的窗子或者是名词或名词的定语较长，如：thedeathofDr.NormanBethune诺尔曼白求恩大夫的死thenameoftheboysittingnearthewindow坐在窗边那个男孩儿的名字,考点梳理,3.双重所有格双重所有格的构成形式：名词+of+名词性物主代词/名词所有格，如：ateacherofmine/his/hers/yours/ours/theirssomefriendsofmyfathers我父亲的几个朋友注意：有些名词是用介词to来表示所有格。如：thekeytothedoor,thewaytoschool,theanswertothequestion,考点梳理,【考点精练】,()20.MrBlackisateacherof_.Sheandherclassmateslikehimverymuch.A.mysisterB.mysistersC.mysistersD.mysisters()21.Ihearyouhavetogetupearlyeverymorning.Right.Itsoneofthe_ofmyfamily.A.plansB.jobsC.programsD.rules()22.MissBlackisafriendof_,shealwayslooksaftermysister.A.MarysmothersB.MarysmotherC.Marymothers,B,D,A,考点梳理,考点五熟记下列惯用名词复数的词组,withonesowneyes亲眼makefriendswithsb.与某人交朋友shakehandswithsb.与某人握手takenotes做笔记thesportsmeeting运动会do(morning/eye)exercises做早操/眼操cut/breakintopieces切成/打成碎片theOlympicGames=theOlympics奥运会,考点梳理,【备考策略】,中考英语试题中，考查名词所占的比例很大。考查的形式包括单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、短文填空和书面表达。主要考查三个方面：1、联系上下文，考查同义词、