中考九年级英语复习中考语法常考要点与练习专题12主谓一致.ppt

专题十二主谓一致,专题十二主谓一致,主谓一致大致可归纳为三个原则：1.语法一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式与主语要保持一致。2.意义一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语意义上的单复数保持一致。3.就近一致原则，即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语的单复数。,专题十二主谓一致,考点直击,考点1语法一致原则,1单数可数名词/代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Runningeverymorningisgoodforus.每天早晨跑步对我们有益。Whathesaidisnottrue.他说的不是真的。,专题十二主谓一致,2用and连接两个或两个以上的主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式；若两个名词指同一个人、同一事物或概念时，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：JoanandMaryareCanadians.琼和玛丽是加拿大人。Thedoctorandwriterisveryfamous.这位医生兼作家非常有名。3主语为each,every,any,no等构成的复合代词时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：EachofushasanEnglishdictionary.我们人手一本英语词典。,专题十二主谓一致,4“the姓氏名词的复数形式”(“某某夫妇二人”或“某某一家”)作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：TheBrownsareplayingbasketball.布朗一家正在打篮球。,专题十二主谓一致,5主语前若有all,some,half,enough等形容词或threefourths(3/4)等分数修饰时，谓语动词的数视名词类别而定。若名词为可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式；若名词为可数名词单数或不可数名词，谓语动词则用单数形式。如：Allofthemeatsmellsterrible.所有的肉闻起来都坏了。Threefifthsoftheworkersinthefactoryaremen.这家工厂五分之三的工人是男性。,专题十二主谓一致,6一些表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词，如glasses,trousers,gloves,shoes,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。若用pair等词修饰，谓语动词的单复数则由pair等词的单复数形式决定。如：Myglassesareold.Iwanttobuyanewpair.我的眼镜旧了，想买一副新的。Apairofnewshoesisgiventohimasapresentbyhisgrandma.他奶奶送给他一双新鞋作为礼物。,专题十二主谓一致,【典型例题训练】,()1.Eachofthestudents_jointheEnglishClublastterm.AwantstoBwanttoCwantedtoDwants()2._thatpairof_alittlecheaper?AIs;glassBAre;glassCIs;glassesDAre;glasses,C,C,专题十二主谓一致,考点2意义一致原则,意义一致原则是指从意义上着眼处理主谓一致关系，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于主语所表达的概念。1有些词如maths,news,physics虽以s结尾，但表达单数意义。其作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Mathsisoneofthemostimportantsubjects.数学是最重要的学科之一。,专题十二主谓一致,2一些集合名词，如family,class,group,team等作主语，强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；强调个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Myfamilyarehavingsuppernow.现在我们一家人正在吃晚饭。Myfamilyisahappyone.我们家是一个幸福的家庭。3表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等名词的复数形式作主语时，常看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。如：Fivepoundsisenough.五英镑就足够了。,专题十二主谓一致,4.“the形容词”表示“具有某特征的一类人”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Therichhavealotoffriends.富人们有许多朋友。5bothand连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：BothriceandteaaregrowninthesouthofChina.水稻和茶叶都生长在中国南部。,专题十二主谓一致,【典型例题训练】,()1.BothLiLeiandHanMeimei_fondoftheTVprogrammeABiteofChina.Iamalsodeeplymovedbyitsstories!AisBamCwasDare()2.Howsooncanyoufinishthisjob?Twodays_enough.Ineedaweek.AisntBarentCisDare,A,D,专题十二主谓一致,考点3就近一致原则,就近一致原则是指谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数保持一致。1由or,eitheror，neithernor，notonlybutalso等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数由离其最近的主语来确定。如：NotonlyIbutalsoTomandMaryarefondofwatchingtelevision.不仅我，而且汤姆和玛丽都喜欢看电视。EitherIorheisright.要么我对，要么他对。,专题十二主谓一致,2以there或here开头的句子，谓语是be动词时，如果主语是并列的几个名词，谓语动词应和最靠近它的名词在人称和数上保持一致。如：Therearetwotreesandahorsebehindthehouse.房后有两棵树和一匹马。Hereisanapple,twoorangesandsomepeachesforyou.这是给你的一个苹果、两个橘子和一些桃。,专题十二主谓一致,注意若主语后有but,besides,except,like,with等引导的介词短语作插入语时，谓语动词的单复数要与主语保持一致，与插入语无关。如：Thepolicemanwithtwoboysiscoming.一个警察和两个男孩过来了。,【例题解析】,NeithermysisternorI_beentoAmericabefore.AhaveeverBhaveneverChaseverDhasnever,解析A考查主谓一致。neithernor连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数由离其最近的主语来确定。由句意“我和我妹妹之前都没有去过美国”可知选A。,专题十二主谓一致,专题十二主谓一致,【典型例题训练】,()1.Look!_somejuiceintheglass.AThereisBThereareCTherehaveDTherehas()2.Awomanwithtwochildren_alongthestreetatthemoment.AiswalkingBarewalkingCwalkDwalks()3.There_someflowersontheteachersdeskjustnow.Butnowthere_nothingonit.Ahave;hasBwere;wasCwere;isDhas;has,C,A,A,专题十二主谓一致,巩固练习,一、单项选择()1.Eatingvegetables_goodforourhealth.AisBareCwereDwas()2.Manyapersoninthefactory_fired.AwasBhasCwereDhave()3.Ithink_ofthematerialsIlistenedtoatthebeginningoftheexam_easy.Atwothirds;isBsecondthree;areCtwothirds;areDtwothird;are,A,A,C,专题十二主谓一致,()4.NeitheryounorLinHua_totheGreatWallbefore.AhadbeenBhasgoneChasbeenDhavebeen()5.Thewriterandteacher_coming.AisBareChasDhave()6.Something_gonewrongwithmyTVset.AhasBhaveCisDare,A,C,A,专题十二主谓一致,()7.Alicetogetherwithherboyfriend_fishingeverySunday.AgoesBgoChasgoneDhavegone()8.Physics_moreinterestingthanmaths,Ithink.AareBisCwasDwere()9.Eachstudentandeachteacher_toseethefilm.AgoBwishCareDwants,A,B,D,专题十二主谓一致,()10.EitherTomorI_toblame.AtobeBamCareDis()11.There_adesk,twobedsandfourchairsintheroom.AisBareChasDhave()12.Lucytogetherwithhertwobrothersoften_totheparkonSundays.AgoBgoesCaregoingDisgoing,B,A,B,专题十二主谓一致,()13.There_apairofshoesonthefloor.Theshoes_mine.Aare;isBis;isCis;areDare;are()14.Noneofthatmoneyonthetable_mine.AisBareCbeDhave()15.Couldyougetmeapiano,mum?There_enoughroomforoneinourhome.AisBareCisntDarent,C,C,A,专题十二主谓一致,()16.ThefamilyIamstayingwith_veryfriendly.AisBareCwasDwere()17.Ourteam_theWorldCup!AhaswonBhavewonCarewonDiswon()18.Ourcountry_greatchangesinthelast30years.AexperienceBexperiencesChasexperiencedDexperiencing,B,A,C,专题十二主谓一致,()19.Thepolice_havingameetingintheirofficeattenyesterday.AisBareCwasDwere()20.Thenumberofpeopleinvited_50,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.Awere;wasBwas;wasCwas;wereDwere;were()21.NeitherKatenorhercousins_toAmerica,but_ofthemhaveknownthecountrywell.Ahavebeen;allBhavegone;bothChavebeen;bothDhavegone;all,C,D,A,专题十二主谓一致,()22.ItoldhimwhatIwassurprised_hisattitudetowardshisstudy.AisBwasCatisDatwas()23.Onthewall_twolargeportraits(肖像)AhangsBhangChangedDarehung()24.Allthatcanbedone_AhasbeendoneBhasdoneChavedoneDweredone,D,B,A,专题十二主谓一致,()25.Thesingerandthedancer_cometothemeeting.AhasBhaveCareDis()26.Here_someflowersandsomemoneyforyou.AisBareChasDhave()27.Look！_somesheeponthehill.ATherehaveBTherehasCThereisDThereare,B,B,D,专题十二主谓一致,()28.Manyaman_thestory.AbelieveBtobelieveCbelievingDbelieves()29.LearningEnglish_necessaryandimportant.AareBisChaveDhas()30._turngreeninspring.ALeafBLeafsCLeaveDLeaves,D,B,D,专题十二主谓一致,()31.Thiskindofapple_good.AtasteBwilltasteCtastesDtasted()32.Allbutone_herejustnow.AisBwasChasbeenDwere()33.Theteacherandwriter_tovisitourschoolnextFriday.AiscomingBarecomingCwascomingDhavecome,C,D,A,专题十二主谓一致,()34.Theairinbigcities_verydirtybyfactories.AareoftenmadeBisoftenmadeChaveoftenmadeDhasoftenmade()35.Nobody_tosmokeinthecinema.AallowsBallowCisallowedDareallowed()36.Halfoftheapples_good.AlookBlooksCislookedDarelooking,C,B,A,专题十二主谓一致,()37.Hisfamily_goingtohavealongjourney.AhasBhaveCareDis()38.Johnhastwobrothers,buteither_outofworknow.AareBisChasDhave()39.Theshoes_mine.Thispairofshoes_mybrothers.Aare;isBis;areCare;areDis;is,C,B,A,专题十二主谓一致,()40.There_alittlesheepinthefield.AareBisChaveDhas()41.Yourtrousers_dirty.Youmusthave_washed.Ais;itBare;itCare;themDis;them()42.Thepolice_lookingforthelostgirl.AareBisCbeDwillbe,B,C,A,专题十二主谓一致,()43.TheOlympicGames_heldevery_years.Ais;fourBare;fourCis;fiveDare;five()44.Youaswell_right.AIareBIamCasIamDasIare()45.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentsthat_elected.AareBhaveChasDis,D,B,D,专题十二主谓一致,()46.Threefourthsofthehomework_today.AhasfinishedBhasbeenfinishedChavefinishedDhavebeenfinished()47.Someone_knockingatthedoornow.AisBareCwasDwere()48.David,there_adictionaryandsomebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.OK,Mum.Illdoitrightaway.AisBareChasDhave,B,A,