《宾语定语从句》PPT课件.ppt

Grammar,Nounclausesastheobjectandpredicative名词性从句宾语从句表语从句,名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。,1、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。引导宾语从句词有连词that，if，whether；连接代词who，whose，what，which；连接副词when，where，how，why等。,TheObjectClause,e.g.Ithink(that)womencanreachveryhighachievementsinmanyfieldsofscience.2)Iwonderwhether/ifsherememberedhowmanypersonsshehadhelped.3)Doyouknowwho/whomJackwasspeakingto?4)Heaskedwhosecaritwas.5)Payattentiontowhatthedoctorsaid.6)Pleasetellmewhentheearthquaketookplace.7)WillyoutellmehowIcankeepfitandhealthy?,TheObjectClause,做动词的宾语,(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：e.g.Hedoesntknowwherethepostofficeis.(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：e.g.HetoldmewhatIshouldread,(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要使用形式宾语it而将从句放到补足语后面；e.g.Ithoughtitstrangethathefailedtocallme我觉得奇怪：他没给我打电话。(4)在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词之后的宾语从句中，如果从句谓语是否定含义，则不用否定形式,而将主句谓语动词think等变为否定形式;e.g.Idontthinkyouareright我想你是不对的。,(5)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及Imafraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可用not代替一个否定的宾语从句：e.g.一Doyoubelieveitwillclearup?你认为天气会转晴吗?一Ibelieveso.我认为会这样。Idontbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)我认为不会这样。,(1)一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;e.g.Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework?(2)that引导的宾语从句只有在except,in,but,besides等少数介词后偶尔可能用到;e.g.Yourarticleisallrightexceptthatitistoolong(3)有时在介词和其宾语从句的中间加形式宾语it;e.g.Illseeto(注意,负责)itthateverythingisready,做介词的宾语,ThePredicativeClause,that引导的表语从句that仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。e.g.Thechanceisthatonesmokerinfourwilldiefromsmoking.2.whether引导的表语从句连接词whether起连接作用，意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句)在句中也不作任何成分。e.g.Thequestioniswhetherwhatmanwillturnupintime.,2.表语从句在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。,3.what,which,who,whom,whose引导的表语从句:连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。e.g.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.,4.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句:连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.ThatswhereIcantagreewithyou.ThisiswhySarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisishowtheyovercomethedifficulties.MystrongestmemoryiswhenIattendedanAmericanwedding.,5.其他连词asif,because,as,asthough引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause”结构中。asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.Myangerisbecauseyouhaventwrittentomeforalongtime.,1.Goandgetyourcoat.Its_youleftit.A.thereB.whereC.therewereD.wherethere2.Theproblemis_hehasenoughtime.A.ifB.whetherC./D.that3.Hemadeapromise_hewouldhelpme.A.whatB.whenC.thatD.which4.Iremember_thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.howB.whenC.whereD.what5.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever,B,B,C,B,B,Practicechoosing(10m),高考链接,1.-Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterdaysgame?-Oh,thats_.(2003北京春季)A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited,A,解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。,2.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.-Isthat_youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where,解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是这就是你离开的原因吗?。故答案为A。,A,3.Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthats_ittakestodoanythingwell.(2002上海春季)A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why,解析:what在表语从句中作takes的宾语,构成Ittakessth.todosth.的句型。答案为A。,A,4.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_hewants.(2002上海春季)A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that,解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后