仁爱版八年级上Unit4 Topic 2辅导资料.doc

Unit 4 Our World Topic 2 Im sure there are no UFOs教学引言 向学生们介绍了当代科技最流行的几个话题UFOs, Robots和Internet，让学生们在学习语言材料的过程中复习、巩固状语从句，树立宾语从句的基本概念。中考要求重难点词汇：appear, situation, lazy, while, scientist, if , balloon, seem, dream, real, robot, order, happen, repair, useless, soldier 重点短语：take the place of, seem to , call for, wake sb. up, look up, pay attention to, begin with, and so on, switch on. 语法：宾语从句日常交际用语：Could you tell me something about robots? Of course.When was the first robot invented?It was invented in 1921.Are you sure? Yes, quite sure. / No, Im not sure.How is everything these days?I miss you very much.Please write to me soon. Whats the matter with it?The robots may take the place of humans in some work situations.People often mistake some man-made objects such as a kite or a balloon for a UFO.We shouldnt spend too much time on the internet.When you look up a word in the dictionary, pay attention to the first letter of the word.要点聚焦-本单元重点扫描课堂小贴1: Kangkang, could you tell me something about robots? 康康，请给我讲讲关于机器人的情况好吗？【讲解】Could you? 或Could you please? “请您好吗?”或Could I please? “我可以吗？”本句型用于请求、允许做某事，语气较婉转、客气。其中句中如含some, something，不必变为 any, anything。如：Could I ask you some questions, Mr. Wu? 吴老师，我可以问你几个问题吗？类似的句型还有：May I have some water?Would you like something to eat?Will you please give me some paper?课堂小贴2: But before that, something like robots appeared. 但是在这之前，像机器人的东西已出现过。【讲解】Appear在这作不及物动词，“出现，呈现”。Once more Miss Liu didnt appear. 刘老师还没来。Appear作连系动词，意为“似乎”、“看来”、“显得”，其含义近似seem。Appear作系动词可用于以下结构中：(1) appear to do sth.如：The boy appeared to be very friendly to us. 那个男孩对我们显得很友好。There appeared to be only one room. 似乎只有一个房间。（2）appear + adj.(形容词), 如：You appeared al right when I left.我离开时，你看起来还不错。They appeared amused by the story.他们听到这个故事显得很高兴。（3）It appeared/ appears that如： It appears that I am wrong.看起来是我错了。课堂小贴3: Robots may take the place of humans in some work situation. 在某些工作中，机器人可以代替人。【讲解】Take the place of “代替”，“取代”如：Tractors have taken the place of horses in villages.在农村，拖拉机取代了马。Now gas takes the place of coal in cooking.现在，煤气代替煤来做饭。课堂小贴4: They can also do lots of dangerous work instead of humans. 他们可能代替人类做许多危险的工作。【讲解】Instead of 复合介词，“代替：替”，“而不”，如：Hell go to Italy instead of France.他要去意大利而不去法国。You should be out playing instead of working indoors all day.你应该到外边去活动，而不要整天呆在屋子里工作。Well go by bus instead of on foot. 我们坐车去，而不步行去。课堂小贴5:Im sure robots can do some work better than humans.【讲解】Sure形容词，“肯定的；确信的”。如：Im sure that he will help us. 我相信他会帮助我们的。Im not sure where I put it. 我不确定我把它放在哪儿了。课堂小贴6: Robots can do many kinds of jobs. 机器人能做很多工作。 Robots can do hard work. 机器人能做艰苦的工作。【词语辨析】 job与work(1) job, “工作”；零工（可数名词）， 如：Jobs are not easy to get. 工作不好找。Many men lost their jobs. 许多人世间失业了。I have several jobs to do before going to bed.我睡觉前还有好几项工作要做。(2) work, “工作”（不可数名词）。如：Tom cannot find work in this city. 汤姆在这个城市里找不到这个工作。Can you do the work alone? 这活儿你一个人做得好吗？Few people like hard work. 几乎没有人喜欢艰苦的工作。Work可用作动词。如：The new worker works well. 这个新工人活儿干得很好。The students work hard. 学生们努力学习。The bell doesnt work. 那个铃不响了。课堂小贴7: I saw a UFO while I was walking down the street yesterday. 昨天我正在大街上走的时候，看到了飞碟。【讲解】while 连词，“当时候”，“和同时”，引导时间状语从句。如：Please be quiet while I am speaking to you.在我对你们讲话时，请安静。课堂小贴8：There are no living things on other planets. 其它行星上没有生物。【讲解】No形容词，“没有”，相当于“ not any或not a / an” 。 如：We have no classes on Sunday. (=We dont have any classes on Sunday.) 星期天我们不上课。There is no water or air on the moon. （= There isnt any water or air on the moon.）月球上没有水和空气。课堂小贴9：People often mistake some man-made objects such as a kite or a balloon for a UFO. 人们常常把一些人造的物体，诸如风筝、气球错认成飞碟。 【讲解】Mistake 动词，“弄错；误解；错认”。如： I mistook you for my brother. 我把你认成了我的弟弟。She mistook the date and arrived two days earlier.她弄错了日期，早来了两天。Mistake可用作名词“错误，差错”。如：She made several mistakes in her exercises.她练习中出了好几个错。He took my pen by mistake.他错拿来了我的钢笔。课堂小贴10：Nobody seems to have really seen a UFO. 似乎没有人真正看见过飞碟。【讲解】Seem的用法：(1) seem半系动词，“好像，似乎”，与appear 相似。可以作adj. (形容词)， seem to do sth., 还可以作like引导的短语。如：This problem seems much more difficult than that one.这道题似乎比那道题难得多。She always seems sad. 她好像总是很忧伤。He seemed an honest man. 他看上去是个老实人。I seem to have caught a cold. 我好像是感冒了。It seems like years since I saw you last time.自从我上次见到你以后，好像是过了很久。 (2) It+ seem + that-clause (从句)，或It+ seem + as if-clause (从句)如：It seems that he is lying. 看来他在撒谎。It seemed that no one knew what happened.看来没有人知道发生了什么事。It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队要胜了。课堂小贴11：It didnt look like any man-made objects, such as a kite or a balloon, either. 它看上去也不像人造的物体，如风筝或气球。【词语辨析】too, also, either, as well这几个词语都可以表示“也”，但用法不同：Also较正式，位置通常接近动词，不用于句末。如：He also plays the piano. 他也弹钢琴。Too多用于口语，位置通常在句末，前边常有逗号，也可以在句中，前后均有逗号。如：My father is a teacher, I am a teacher, too.我父亲是一个教师，我也是。As well也多用于口语，只用于句末。如：He plays the guitar as well.他也弹吉他。Either 用于否定句，放在句末。如：He was not there, either.他也不在那里。课堂小贴12：an “ alien” came out of the UFO and woke him up. 一位外星人从飞碟里出来， 把他吵醒了。【讲解】Wake动词，“醒来”，常与up连用。如：I wake (up) at 6:00 a.m. every day. 我每天早上6：00醒来。Vt. “唤醒；弄醒”，如：The noise woke him up.那响声把他吵醒了。He needs someone to wake him up. 他需要人叫醒他。Please wake me up at six next morning.明天早晨6点钟请把我叫醒。课堂小贴13：We shouldnt spend too much time on the Internet. 我们不应该在因特网上花费太多的时间。【讲解】Spend的主语经常是人，用来表示花钱买东西或花费时间做某事。即：主语+ spend + time/ money + on sth./ (in) doing sth. 如：I spend 10 yuan on the pen.我买这支笔花了10元钱。The boy spent 10 minutes drawing a dog.那男孩花了10分钟画了一只狗。 【词语辨析】take, pay, cost(1) take, 也用于 “花费时间和金钱”，常用于结构“It + takes (根据需要用不同时态) +sb. +some time / money + to do sth.”如：It took me three hours to finish the work.我花了三个小时的时间完成了那项工作。(2) pay意为“支付、花费”。主语只能是人，且只用于花费金钱，其结构是“主语（人）+ pay+ sb. + for sth.”意思为“为某物付给某