人教版新课标高一英语 定语从句基础知识讲练辅导课件.ppt

定语从句,Theattributiveclause,引导定语从句的关系代词的用法：thatwhichwhowhomwhose,1.that在从句中作主语或宾语，指人和物。,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,主语,ThenoodlesthatIateweredelicious.,宾语,Letsaskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.,主语,ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJimsister.,宾语,2.Which在从句中作主语或宾语，指物。,Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidntneedmuchwater.,主语,Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.,宾语,3.whowhom在从句中分别作主语和宾语，代指人(口语中who也可作宾语)。,TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.,TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.,ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.,Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.,主语,宾语,宾语,4.whose在从句中作定语，指人或物,MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.(whose=her),Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.(whose=his),主语,Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.,(whose=its),关系代词whose还可以用其他结构来表达：,Thisisthebookthecoverofwhichisblue,Thisisthebookofwhichthecoverisblue,Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose,1.Theearthquake_hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedontknowthenumberofpeople_losttheirhomesin1906earthquake3.Thehouse_theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.,which/that,who/that,Which/that,4.Ahouse_isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.5.Luckilynoneofthepeople_Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.6.Harryistheboy_motherisourmathsteacher.,which/that,who/whom/that,whose,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。,Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.,Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。,(5).当先行词既包括人又包括物时eg.Theytalkedforabouthalfanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool.(6)如果两个从句，其中一个关系代词引用which,另一个用that避免重复。Hebuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.(7)主句是therebe结构，修饰其主语的定语从句用that.ThereisabookonthedeskthatbelongstoFrank.(8)疑问句中有时为了避免重复而使用that引导的定语从句。Whichisthecarthathittheboy?Whowasthemanthatshedancedwith?,引导定语从句的关系副词的用法：why,when,where,1.where表地点，只能跟在表示地点的名词后，它在定语从句中做地点状语Thisistheschoolwhere(=atwhich)Iusedtoteach.Whatisthenameofthetownwhere(=inwhich)westayedlastnight.,2.when表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。,Tellmethetimewhenthetrainleaves.,IwillneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.,Doyourememberthedayswhich/thatwespentonthefarm?,3.why表示原因，通常跟在reason后引导定语从句。,Idontknowthereasonwhyhelefthere.,7.Hangzhouisacity_thereisabeautifullake.Hangzhouisacity_haveabeautifullake.8.Thisisthefactory_myfatherworks.Thisisthefactory_wevisitedyesterday.9.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing.Istillremembertheday_wespenttogether.,where,which/that,where,which/that,when,which/that,Comparethefollowingpairsofsentencesandfindthedifferencesbetweenthem.,Mydaughter,whostudiesintheUnitedStates,rangmeyesterday.,MydaughterwhostudiesintheUnitedstatesrangmeyesterday.,Shetoldmesomethingthathappenedyesterday.,Shetoldmesomethinguntrue,whichmademeangry.,1.Hegavemeapenheboughtyesterday.2.Hegavemeapen,whichheboughtyesterday.,LookatthefollowingsentencesandtellthedifferencesoftheAttributiveClauses.,关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语不可以省略。,which在非限定性定语从句中可以代表主句中的一部分甚至全部内容，而不仅限于一个名词或代词，这时which引导的从句修饰整个主句。,Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.,HehastoworkonSundays,whichhedoesntlike.,在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。,Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,whichhedrankimmediately.,Canyouseeawomaninahat,whomMr.Liisspeakingto?,Practising,Choosethebestanswer.1.Doyourememberthedeerfarmwevisitedtwomonthsago?A.whyB.whenC.thatD.how2.Anyway,thatevening,_Illtellyoumoreaboutlater,wasreallyterrible.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which,3._isexpected，Johnpassedthecollegeentranceexam。A.thatB.asC.whoD.which4.Annealwaysspokehighlyofhercolleaguesinthemovie,_,ofcourse,madetheothersveryhappy.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what5.Chongqingisthecity_shelivedwhenshewasyoung.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.how6.Doyouknowthereasons_hecameback?A.howB.whichC.thatD.why,用where,which,when,whose,why,that填空1.Dorothyalwaysspokehighlyofherroleintheplay_,ofcourse,madetheothersunhappy.2.Ishallneverforgetthedays_Ilivedinthecountrywithmyparents.3.Thefactory_hisbrotherworksliesinthesouthofthecity.4.Theytookcareoftheoldman_sonlosthislifeinthefire.5.Idontknowthereason_hedidntcome.6.Isthatthereason_hegavetoyou?,which,when,where,whose,why,which,一、as引导限制性定语从句主要结构有：thesameas;asas;suchas;soasas做关系代词在定语从句中做主语或宾语。AmyissuchalovelygirlaseveryonelikesAmy是一个如此可爱的女孩，大家都很喜欢。Shewillmarryashealthyamanasshecanfind.她将嫁给她能找到的任何一个有钱人。Thereissowarmahouseaswewanttolivein.这里有如此暖和的房子，我们都想住在里面。,当thesame修饰先行词时，引导定语从句的关系代词可用as,也可用that。用that表示他所引导的内容与先行词所讲的事物是同一个；用as既可表示“同一”又可表示“同类”。,ThisisthesamebicyclethatIlostyesterday.这是我丢失的那辆自行车。,ThisisthesamebicycleasIhaveyesterday.这辆自行车跟我丢的那辆一样。,二、as引导非限制性定语从句,as引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句内容，从句可置于句首，句中或句尾1.Aseveryoneknows,Chinaisabeautifulcountrywithalonghistory.每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。2.Theearth,asweknow,movesroundthesun.地球，我们都知道，围着太阳转。3.Tomworkshardandiswillingtohelpothers,asweallknow.汤母工作努力，并且乐于助人，这一点我们都知道。,二、as引导非限制性定语从句,as引导非限制性定语从句，有“如，似，正像”的含义，下列句式多用asbe+said/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expectedAsisknowntoall,TaiWanispartofChina.ashasbeensaidabove如上所说asanybodycansee正像每个人所看到的那样aswehadexpected正如我们所预料的那样Aswehadexpected，Theboyhasasmuchprogress正像我们所预料的那样，这个男孩取得了大的进步。,关系代词做介词的宾语时(prepwhich/whom)关系代词whom,which在从句中做介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在先行词之后引导定语从句。为了使关系代词紧跟他所修饰的词，也可以把介词放在从定语从句中。Theathletetowhomyoutalkedisafamousrunner.,b.含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，借此仍放在动词之后。Isthisthewatchwhichheislookingfor？,Goodbye!,在非限定性定语从句中，限定词（如some,any,none,all,both,several,enough,many及few）可与ofwhich或ofwhom连用。,Itsafamilyofeightchildren,allofwhomarestudyingmusic.,Wevetestedthreehundredtypesofboots,noneofwhichiscompletedwaterproof.,Hehastwobrothers,bothofwhomarelivinginBeijing.,c.关系代词that在从句中做介词宾语时，介词不能放在它的前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面Thecitythatshelivesinisveryfaraway.d.关系代词whose也可以在从句中与它所修饰的名词一起做介宾短语Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.,限定性定语从句中，引导词的省略,1、关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可被省略。,Ilikethebookyougavemeyesterday.,2、