人教版高中英语必修四 unit2 woking the land grammar PPT课件.ppt

UnitTwoGrammar,Verb-ingFormasSubjectandObject,请说明划线部分的句子成分,Ilostmyumbrella.Shedoesherhomeworkeveryday.Sheplaystheviolincarefully.Theboyisverynaughty.Wemadehimcry.Thisisafantasticbook.Ihavetwoforeignfriends,aCanadianandanAmerican.Dontsteponthegrass.,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语,同位语,状语,现在分词与动名词的基本形式你知道吗？,那么简单，谁不知道。是由动词末尾加-ing形式构成，因此又叫动词的-ing形式。V+-ing【变化规律？】,-ingform指的是什么？,当然是现在分词与动名词,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。,时态和语态,动词的-ing形式包括动名词和现在分词在句中可以做：主语，宾语，表语，补语，定语和状语,还记得不定式在句中能做什么成分吗？,（一样）6,parking,spitting,littering,smoking,-ingforms,我们常见的的-ing：,.Presentation,Findandunderlinethesentencesinthepassagethatuseingformsaseitherthesubjectortheobject.,Sentencesusingthe-ingform,1.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.,2.Asayoungman,hesawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.,3.DrYuansearchedforawaytoincreasericeharvestswithoutexpandingtheareaofthefields.,4.However,hedoesntcareaboutbeingfamous.,subject,object,object,object,5.Heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmahjong,swimmingandreading.,6.Spendingmoneyonhimselforleadingacomfortablelifealsomeansverylittletohim.,7.Justdreamingforthings,however,costsnothing.,8.DrYuanawokefromhisdreamwiththehopeofproducingakindofricethatcouldfeedmorepeople.,object,object,subject,subject,二、功能及用法(作主语),1作主语.动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。1)捉弄别人是我们万万不能干的._issomethingweshouldneverdo2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。_isveryimportantforme3)说比做容易。_iseasierthandoing.,Playingtricksonothers,Learningnewwords,Talking,用形式主语it，把真正的主语动名词结构移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless，good，fun；nouse，worthwhile等。如：1)Itsworthwhilemakingtheeffort这事值得去做。2)和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。_withShylock3)想再解释一次有好处吗?_4)跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。_,Itisuselesstryingtoargue,Isitanygoodtryingtoexplain?,Itispleasantworkingwithyou,在therebenodoing结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“Itisimpossibletodo”1)Thereisnohidingofevilbutnottodoit若要人不知，除非己莫为。2)这种事开不得玩笑。Thereis_aboutsuchmatter.3)无法知道他什么时候离开。Therewas_whenhewouldleave.,nojoking,noknowing,做主语,Playingwithfireisdangerous.表示一般或抽象的多次行为Becareful!Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.具体的或一次性的动作,todoorv-ing?,动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：一。动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。如：1)还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。Asachild，shefeltthat_wasadutyandapleasure2)到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。_inanAmericanhomewillbeagoodexperienceforme.,visitingsickpeople,Tobeaguest,3)一直不做就是作恶。_isdoingill4）眼见为实SeeingisbelievingToseeistobelieve二。主语与表语的相对一致性,Doingnothing,在实际运用中，一般两者可以互换，差异不大，但下列情况不能互换,用-ing形式作主语的句型有：It+be+awasteoftimedoing做是浪费时间的Itis/wasnogood/use/needdoing做是没用处的Itis/washardly/scarcelyworthdoing做不值得Itis/wasworth/worthwhiledoing做是值得的Thereisnodoing无法，不允许Thereisnosenseindoing做没有道理Thereis/wasnothingworsethandoing没有比更糟的Thereis/wasnopointdoing干无意义但是Thereisnoneedtodosth.没必要做某事,我们不知道要去哪儿。Therewasnoknowingwherewewouldgo.做这件傻事毫无意义。_,没有必要告诉她。Thereisnoneedtotellher,而在Itsimportant/Itsnecessary/Itsadvisable/Itsessential/Itsfitting这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：Itsimportanttolearnforeignlanguages.Itsquitenecessarytoreaditmanytimes.,Thereisnopointdoingsuchasillything.,Itisnoneedtellingher,动名词作宾语有两种情况。一是有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；二是有些动词既可后接动名词也可后接不定式作宾语。只能后接动名词作宾语的动词，常见的有avoid，consider，enjoy，keep，finish，suggest，dislike，delay，escape，cannothelp，imagine，mind，miss，practise，cannotstand等。如：1)我不能不去。Icantavoidgoing2)你是否考虑过找一位挚友?Haveyouconsidered_onespecialfriend?,二、功能及用法(用作宾语),lookingfor,常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:,考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成停能赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。,consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecanthelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imagine,2.既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:,双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。,begin,start,like,prefer,hate,dislike,continue意义区别不大.remember,forget,try,mean,stop,regret,want,need,require意义区别很大,请将下列动词进行分类:agree,admit,begin,goon,ask,avoid,start,mean,demand,consider,continue,regret,fail,deny,remember,hesitate,feellike,stop,hope,finish,try,manage,imagine,refuse,miss,want,risk,suggest,wish.只接不定式做宾语;只接动名词做宾语;既可接不定式又可接动名词做宾语,意思也没有什么改变.既可接不定式又可接动名词做宾语,意思有很大的变化;,Irememberpostingtheletter我记得我已把信寄了。2)Illremembertoposttheletter我会记着去寄信的。3)Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter_4)Dontforgettowritetoyourmother_5)我真后悔没赶上那次报告会。_6)我遗憾地告诉你我不能接受你的建议。_,我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。,不要忘了给你母亲写信。,Iregretmissingthereport,IregrettosayIcanttakeyouradvice,forget,regret,remember后跟动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。,4.need/want/require/deservedoingsth.=need/want/require/deservetobedone.Eg.Myhairneedscutting.Myhairneedstobecut.,D在try，mean之后，意义各不相同，如trytodo(设法)，trydoing(试试)，meantodo(打算，有意要做)，meandoing(意思是，意味着)。如：1)我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。Wemusttrytogeteverythingdoneintime2)我们用别的方法做这工作试试。Letstrydoingtheworkinginsomeotherway3)Ididntmeantomakeyouangry_4)Yourplanwouldmeanspendinghours_,我并不想叫你生气。,你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。,Egoondoing和goontodo1)请接着做这同一个练习。_thesameexercise2)请做另外一个练习。_theotherexerciseFstopdoing与stoptodo我们停止了交谈。_我们停了下来去谈话。_,Pleasegoondoing,Pleasegoontodo,Westoppedtalking,Westoppedtotalk,动词+介词+动名词，如：1)我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。Iinsistontakingproperfoodforthisexpedition2)同学们脸上没有笑容，相反都做了怪脸。_，eachofthemmadeaface她对为我们公司工作很感兴趣。Shewasvery_forourcompany下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或-ing形式：devoteto，objectto，payattentionto，getdownto，leadto,lookforwardto，stickto，beusedto等,Insteadofsmiling,interestedinworking,1)我姐姐病了，使我很担心。Mysistersbeingillmadeweworried.2)你正确未必就意味着我错了。Yourbeingrightdoesntnecessarilymean_.,My/mebeingwrong,动名词的复合结构：,提示：动名词用的复合结构：由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格加动名词构成。形容词性物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语。并且动名词复合结构做宾语是可以用宾格代词或者名词来表示。,Jimscomingmademehappy.Doyourememberme/my(kate/kates)doingit?,V-ing做宾语,Weshouldoftenpractise_(speak)Englisheveryday.Hedevotedhislifeto_(study)automictheory.Hehopes_(find)ajobsoon.Missthebusmeans_(wait)foranothertwohours.Thebikeneeds_(repair),speaking,devoting,tofind,waiting,repairing/toberepaired,1.Ittooktheworkmenonlytwohourstofinish_mycar.A.repairingB.repairC.torepairD.repaired,Excersice,2.Haveyouforgotten_$1000frommelastmonth?Willyoupleaseremember_ittomorrow?A.borrowing;tobringB.toborrow;bringC.borrowed;bringingD.borrowing;bringing,3.Theclassroomwants_.A.cleanB.cleanedC.tocleanD.cleaning4.Jacksaidthathewouldntmind_forus.A.towaitB.waitC.waitingD.waited,5.Mybrotherkeeps_mewithmywork.A.tohelpB.helpC.helpingD.helped6.Weshouldoftenpractise_Englishwitheachother.A.tospeakB.spokeC.speakD.speaking,7.Keepon_andyouwillsucceed.A.atryB.tryC.triingD.trying8.Hisparentsinsiston_tocollege.A.heshouldgoB.hegoC.hisgoingD.himtogo,9.Thestorywassofunnythatwe_.A.couldnthelplaughB.cantbutlaughC.couldnthelplaughingD.couldnthelpbuttolaugh,10.Thoughitsoundsabittoodear(昂贵),itisworth_.A.beingboughtB.buyingC.tobuyD.buyingit11.Hedevotedhislifeto_theatomictheory.A.studyB.bestudiedC.studyingD.havestudied,12.Wearebothlookingforwardto_nextweek.A.goingonvocation(休假)B.goonvocationC.begoingonvocationD.havegoneonvocation,13.Youmustpayattentionto_theworksofLuXun.A.readB.readingC.readerD.beread14.Youshouldworktonightinsteadof_TV.A.towatchB.youwatchingC.youwatchD.watching,15.Themicroscopeisusedfor_minute(微小的)objects.A.examiningB.beingexaminedC.examinedD.examine16.Mikehasgotused_uplateatnight.(stayup)A.tositB.XC.tosittingD.sitting,17.Oncetheheartstops_,deathfollowsatonce.A.beatingB.tobeatC.beingbeatenD.tobebeating18.Wearenowbusy_fortheexamination.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.beingprepared,19.Iremembered_thispersonsomewherebefore.A.seeingB.havingbeenseenC.seenD.tosee20.Iregret_thattoher.A.havingsaidB.tohavesaidC.tosayD.X,23._providesuswithessentialnutrients(营养),while_providesuswithoxygen.A.Toeat;breathingB.Eating;tobreatheC.Eating;breathingD.Eaten;breathed,24.Heattendedthepartywithout_.A.invitedB.invitingC.havinginvitedD.beinginvited25.By_,watercanbechangedintogas.A.heatingB.beingheatedC.havingheatedD.heated,26.Onlandmanyobjectspreventsound_veryfar.A.totravelB.travelC.fromtravellingD.totravelling27.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething_.A.missedB.tobemissingC.missingD.tobemissed,28.Remember_thenewspaperwhenyouhavefinishedit.A.puttingbackB.putbackC.toputbackD.beputback29.Writingstoriesandarticles_whatIenjoymost.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,30.Hewasafraid_forbeinglate.A.ofseeingB.ofbeingseenC.tobeseenD.tohaveseen,1.Whatmadeyousoupset?_twoticketstothepopmusicconcert.A.LosingB.BecauseoflosingC.ToloseD.BecauseIhadlost2.Icantimagine_thatwiththemA.doB.todoC.beingdoneD.doing,A,考考你,D,3.Hegotwell-prepa