江苏2016_2017学年高中英语Unit3BacktothepastPeriodFourProject讲义牛津译林版.docx

Period FourProject.单词自测1statue n雕塑，雕像2troop n士兵；军队，部队3march vi.& n前进，进发；游行4glory n辉煌；荣耀，光荣glorious adj.光荣的；荣耀的5ahead adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先6vast adj.辽阔的；巨大的；大量的7salary n薪金，薪水8aware adj.意识到的，知道的；察觉到的awareness n意识unaware adj.不知道的；未察觉的9basis n基础；基准；原因10court n法院，法庭；球场；宫廷11corrupt vt.使腐化，使堕落；adj.贪污的，腐败的corruption n腐败12trial n审讯，审理；试验；考验13judge n法官，审判员；裁判员14poison n毒药，毒物；vt.毒害，下毒poisonous adj.有毒的.短语自测1no doubt 无疑，确实2rise up against 起义，反抗3stand in ones path 阻碍(某人)4ahead of 在前面，提前5come down with 患(病)6think of.as 认为是，把看作是7aside from 除以外8have enough of 受够了，对感到厌烦9search for 寻找，搜寻.阅读P5859课文，选出最佳答案1Why was a statue of a Greek soldier discovered in northern Xinjiang?AThe Greek soldier died in northern Xinjiang.BThe statue was stolen to Xinjiang.CIt may be traded to Xinjiang in an ancient time.DIt was made in Xinjiang.答案C2Why didnt Alexander the Great take control of the whole world?AHis army was defeated most of the time.BHe himself got tired of endless battles.CHis army got tired of endless battles.DHe became ill and died.答案C3How long did Alexander the Great influence the world?AHis influence ended after his death.BHe influenced the world for centuries afterwards.CHe influenced the century when he lived.DHe didnt have any influence on the world at all.答案B4How did Socrates make a living?ABy being a common worker.BBy being a teacher.CBy being a scholar.DBy being a soldier.答案A5What did people think of Socrates teaching way by asking questions?AAll the people liked his teaching way.BOnly his students liked his teaching way.CSome people didnt like his teaching way.DYoung people liked his teaching way.答案C.阅读P5859课文完成下表，每空一词Alexander the GreatEarly 1.experiencesBeing the son of a Greek king who 2.defeated many Greek cities in battle.Becoming a young king after his father died.Victories and deathTaking his army into the Middle East and then Egypt and defeating every army 3.standing in his path.Turning his eyes east and marching all the way to India.Occupying more land than anyone before at thirty.4.Suffering from a fever and dying at 33.Influence on the worldSpreading the Greek culture from Europe to Africa and Asia, which has a great 5.influence/effect on the world for centuries to come.SocratesBrief 6.introductionComing from Athens，Greece.Becoming a teacher and teaching for free.Earning his salary from being a common worker.Socratic MethodChallenging his students to develop and explain their own arguments, which made his students 7.realize their own errors.Forming the 8.basis of modern philosophy and science.9.Reasons for Socrates deathAsking everyone he met challenging questions, which resulted in many people being unable to 10.bear him.Questioning the existence of the Greek gods and corrupting the young people of Athens.Defending himself by asking his judges more questions，leading to being put to death.阅读本单元Project部分，试着以约30个词概括第一篇课文“Ancient Greeks statue found in Xinjiang”第三段(P58，L1018)的段落大意。In 334 BC，Alexander the Great conquered the Middle East and Egypt，then India.He founded a vast kingdom on his occupied land.However，after his death，his kingdom was divided by his generals.1march语境感悟(1)(教材P58)Then he turned his eyes east, and marched all the way to India, finding victory wherever he went.然后，他又将目光转向东方，长驱直入印度，所到之处，攻无不克，战无不胜。(2)They marched 20 miles to reach the capital.他们行进了20英里才到达首都。(3)Several thousand people marched on City Hall.数千人涌往市政厅进行抗议。归纳拓展march vi.& n.前进，进发；游行；行军march on.向行进on the march在行军中，在行进中，在进展中即时跟踪(1)The troops were on the march to the front.部队在向前线进军。(2)Tens of thousands people by candlelight with banners to protest the governments beef import from the United States.Afought BmarchedCcelebrated Dsang答案B解析句意为：成千上万的人打着横幅在烛光下游行，来反对政府从美国进口牛肉。fight战斗；march游行；celebrate庆祝；sing唱歌，根据句意可知选B。2ahead语境感悟(1)(教材P58)By the age of thirty，he had already occupied more land than anyone before，and it seemed that more glory was waiting ahead of him.到30岁时，他已经比以前的任何人占领的土地都要多，而且前面似乎有更多的荣耀在等待着他。(2)You have to work hard to keep ahead in your class.要想在全班保持成绩领先，你就必须努力学习。(3)Owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time.由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。(4)Do you mind if I record your lecture?Not at all.Go ahead.你介意我把你的讲座录下来吗？不会的，请便。归纳拓展ahead adv.(时间、空间)在前面；提前，预先；领先ahead of在前面，在之前go ahead说吧；开始吧；前进；行，可以即时跟踪(1)London is about five hours ahead of(早于)New York.(2)May I open the window to let in some fresh air? ACome on! BTake care!CGo ahead! DHold on!答案C解析根据语境可知答语句意为：去开吧，去做吧！所以答案为C。3aware语境感悟(1)(教材P59)In many cases，his questions made his students aware of their own errors.在许多情况下，他的问题让他的学生们意识到他们自己的错误。(2)Most smokers are perfectly aware of the dangers of smoking.大多数吸烟者完全知道吸烟的危害。(3)After that we are aware that we should build up our bodies and live a healthy life.(2015广东)在那之后，我们意识到我们应该锻炼自己的身体，过一种健康的生活。(4)As far as Im aware, this is the first time that he has won the competition.据我所知，这是他第一次赢得比赛。归纳拓展aware adj.知道的，意识到的；察觉到的be/become aware of知道/意识到be aware that.意识到make sb. aware of .使某人注意到as/so far as Im aware据我所知即时跟踪(1)As far as I am aware，nobody has done anything about it.据我所知，尚无人对此采取任何措施。(2)They suddenly became aware of some people looking at them.他们突然意识到有些人在瞧着他们。(3)Ordinary woman though she is, she had won the award because she has tried every means to make people of the importance of the environmental protection.(2016大丰新丰高一期中)Aavailable BcarefulCabsent Daware答案D解析句意为：尽管她是一个普通的妇女，但是因为她想尽一切办法让人们意识到环境保护的重要性，所以她赢得了这个奖项。aware意识到，察觉到，make sb.aware of sth.让某人注意到某事情， 符合句意。available可得到的；careful仔细的；absent缺席的。4basis语境感悟(1)(教材P59)The idea of asking questions until you reach the right answer is the basis of modern philosophy and science.提出一个个问题直至你得出正确答案的这一思路是现代哲学和科学的基础。(2)Liaoning is one of the most important industrial bases of China.辽宁是中国最重要的工业基地之一。(3)Based on a true story, he wrote the long novel.以真实事件为依据，他写了这篇长篇小说。(4)Mum taught me some basic steps of baking.(2015陕西)妈妈教给我一些烘焙的基本步骤。归纳拓展(1)basis nC(pl.bases)基础；基准；原因；根据on a/the basis of 以为基础；根据(2)base n基础；基地；根据；vt.以为基础be based on 以为基础(3)basic adj.基础的；基本的即时跟踪(1)On the basis of those facts, we can reach the following conclusion.根据那些事实，我们可以得出以下结论。(2)Their answers should be based on gesture，body language and facial expressions.他们的回答基于动作，身体语言和面部表情。(3) the story of our village, an interesting film was made by the famous director.ABased on BBasing onCBe based on DBeing based on答案A解析句意为：以我们村的故事为基础，那位著名的导演拍了一部有趣的电影。根据短语“be based on(以为基础)”和分析句子结构可知，此处缺少状语，故用非谓语动词形式based on。5judge语境感悟(1)(教材P59)At his trial，he defended himself by asking his judges yet more questions.在法庭上，他通过问法官更多问题来为自己辩护。(2)Judging from his accent，he must be from Hunan.听他的口音，他准是湖南人。(3)We judge that he is the best candidate.我们认为他是最佳人选。(4)I should judge him to be over 30.我想他已过了三十岁。(5)He made a deeper judgement about the situation.他对形势作出更深入的评价。归纳拓展(1)judge n法官，裁判员；v.审判，判定judge sb./sth.(by/from.)(根据)判断某人/某物judge thatclause/whclause判断，认为judge sb./sth.(to be)adj./n.认为某人/某物为to judge from/by.judging from/by.根据来判断(放在句首作状语)(2)judgement n评价，看法；判断(力)make a judgement about.对作出评价即时跟踪(1)用judge的正确形式填空Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often steals things，so the judge pointed out that we shouldnt judge a man by his looks.(2) to be the best student，Lucy received a scholarship，which made her parents very delighted and satisfied.AJudging BJudgedCTo judge DBeing judge答案B解析句意为：露西被评为最优秀的学生，她获得了奖学金，这使她父母非常高兴和满意。judge与主语Lucy之间是动宾关系且动作已完成，故用过去分词作状语。1no doubt语境感悟(1)(教材P58)When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China，researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence.当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时，研究人员解释说，这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。(2)This meeting has been，without/beyond doubt，one of the most useful we have had so far.这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。(3)Theres no doubt about/of his honesty.毫无疑问他是诚实的。(4)There is no doubt that he can do the job well.毫无疑问，这份工作他会干得很出色。归纳拓展no/without/beyond doubt毫无疑问地，的确There is no doubt about/of.毫无疑问There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether.对某事是否还有些疑问doubt that.(用于否定句，疑问句中)对有怀疑doubt whether/if.(用于肯定句中)怀疑是否即时跟踪(1)My brother can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house.(2016浙江)无疑我的哥哥记得打扫房间花费的时间。(2)I dont doubt that/have no doubt that he will succeed.我确信他能成功。(3)I doubt whether/if he will keep his word.我怀疑他是否会信守自己的诺言。(4) you will win the game in the end.(2014玄武区高一期中)AIt is no doubt thatBThere is no doubt thatCIt is no doubt whetherDThere is no doubt whether答案B解析当doubt用于否定句时，其后的名词性从句需用that而不是whether来引导，故可排除C、D两项；There is no doubt that是固定搭配，意为“毫无疑问”，故选B。(5)Do you think we will have a surprise math quiz next week? . The math teacher seems to enjoy it.(2016邗江中学高一期中)ANo comment BCome onCNo doubt DNever mind答案C解析句意为：你认为下周我们会有一个突击的数学测验吗？毫无疑问，数学老师似乎很喜欢这样。No doubt.毫无疑问，符合句意。No comment无可奉告；Come on加油，来吧；Never mind没关系，故选C。2come down with语境感悟(1)(教材P58)Yet, in 323 BC, he came down with a fever and died.然而，在公元前323年，他发烧病倒，不治身亡。(2)I bought my clothes when the price came down.我在降价后买衣服。(3)The headmaster came down on them for not wearing their uniforms.校长斥责他们没有穿校服上学。(4)These customs have come down to us through many generations.这些习俗经过了好几代传到我们。归纳拓展come down with患(病)，得，染上(小病)come up with想出，提出come down (物价等)下降；下落；落魄，潦倒；坍塌；(地位等)衰落come down on/upon (sb.) 斥责，责罚come down to.可归结为；流传下来即时跟踪(1)What it comes down to is，either I get more money or I quit.归结起来就是不给我加薪，我就辞职。(2)I was amazed that hed come up with this sweet idea.(2014福建)我很惊讶，他会想出这个好主意(3)John is appointed to attend the meeting in place of the manager，who has flu.(2015南通中学高一期中)Acome up with Bcome down toCcome down with Dcome up against答案C解析句意为：约翰被派去代替经理参加会议，经理得了感冒。come down with患(病)，符合题意。come up with提出，想出；come down to归根结底，可归结为；come up against面对，遭到的反对。3think of.as.语境感悟(1)(教材P59)Philosophy can be thought of as a way of looking at the world around us，.哲学可以被认为是研究我们周围世界的一种方法，(2)I have always thought of Peter as a great scholar.我向来认为Peter是一位了不起的学者。(3)I can think of at least three occasions when he arrived late.我记得他至少迟到过三次。归纳拓展think of.as.认为是；把看作是think about考虑think over仔细考虑think back to回想，回忆think highly/well/much of.对评价高think poorly/ill of.对评价不好think of想出，想起，记起；考虑即时跟踪(1)用适当的介、副词填空Hed like more time to think things over.Can anybody think of a way to raise money?Dont you ever think about other people?(2)He thought back to the day hed first met his teacher.他回想起第一次见到老师的那天。(3)His proposal is thought of as practical.他的提议被认为是实用的。(4)Yang Liwei is regarded as our national hero，who is .Athinking high of Bthought high ofChighly thought of Dthinking highly of 答案C解析考查think highly of的用法。句意为：杨利伟被认为是我们的民族英雄，大家给他的评价很高。who引导定语从句，他被评价很高，所以用被动语态，故选C项。4search for语境感悟(1)(教材P59)Through his death，Socrates became the hero of all people who search for the truth.由于他的死，苏格拉底成了所有探求真理的人心目中的英雄。(2)The police searched the suspect but found no weapons on him.警方搜查嫌疑犯，但在他身上没找到武器。(3)He searched through all the drawers for the key.他翻遍了所有的抽屉去找那把钥匙。(4)I went off in search of a garage where I could buy some petrol.我离开去寻找加油站买汽油。归纳拓展search for 寻找search sth./sb. for.搜查以确认是否有search into 调查search out 找到，查出search through.(for.)(为了)搜遍，查遍in search of 寻找，寻求in ones search for 寻找即时跟踪(1)The police searched her for drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。(2)The police were trying to search out the real murderer.警察正试图找出真正的凶手。(3)On the playground there, a student was observed the grass here and there anxiously, as if something lost.(2014盐城中学高一期中)Asearching；looking forBto search for；to look forCsearching for；looking forDto be searching；to look for答案A解析句意为：在操场上，一个学生被看到焦虑地在草丛里面到处寻找，好像寻找丢失的东西。这里用现在分词作宾语补足语，而且search sp.在地方寻找，search for sth.寻找某物；第二空填looking for，是as if he was looking for的省略形式。所以选A。1状语从句的省略语境感悟(1)(教材P58)When asked how a statue from distant Greece could have appeared in China，researchers explained that no doubt this was a result of Alexander the Greats influence.当被问及来自遥远希腊的塑像怎么会出现在中国时，研究人员解释说，这无疑是亚历山大大帝的影响所致。(2)While (you are) walking across the street, you must pay attention to the cars passing by.过马路时，你必须注意来往的车辆。(3)Once (it is) finished, the paper should be handed in at once.一旦完成，试卷应该马上上交。(4)Some flowers shut up at night as if (they were) to sleep.有些花夜间收拢，好像为了睡觉一样。归纳拓展(1)教材原句是主从复合句，其中when asked how.是一个时间状语从句，其完整形式为when they were asked how.，这里how引导宾语从句。主句中explained后接一个由that引导的宾语从句。(2)英语中，有些表示条件(if/unless)、时间(when/as/while/once)、方式(as if/as though)或让步(even if/even though)等的状语从句，如果谓语含有动词be，且从句主语又和主句主语一致，或者主语是it，常把状语从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(特别是动词be)省略。注意：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致，否则不能省略。即时跟踪(1)He often makes mistakes when speaking English.他说英语时常犯错误。(2)Video games can be a poor influence if in the wrong hands.(2015湖南，24)Ato leave BleavingCleave Dleft答案D解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：如果落在不合适的人的手中，电子游戏就会造成很坏的影响。leave的逻辑主语是video games，主语video games与leave之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。if left.是“连词过去分词”构成的状语从句的省略。(3)Although she believed that she had a good chance of recovering，the doctor said that few， ，could come back to normal after getting this disease.Aif any Bif soCif not Dif ever答案A解析句意为：虽然她相信她有很大的机会康复，但医生说，得过这种病，如果有的话，也很少能恢复到正常。if any相当于if there were any。2现在分词短语作状语语境感悟(1)(教材P58)In 334 BC, he took his army, now with 42,000 men, into the Middle East and then Egypt, defeating every army that stood in his path.公元前334年，他率领当时已达四万两千人的军队进入中东，接着是埃及，兵锋所至，所向披靡。(2)Leaving the airport (When they left the airport), they waved again and again to us.离开机场时，他们向我们频频挥手。(3)Having been knocked down by the rushing bike (Because the old lady had been knocked down by the rushing bike)，the old lady couldnt walk any more.因被那辆飞驰的自行车给撞倒了，这位老太太走不了路了。归纳拓展(1)在教材原句中现在分词短语defeating every army that stood in his path作状语，表示伴随状况。(2)现在分词短语作状语用法说明：基本语法功能：作状语，表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况。主语一致：作状语的现在分词的逻辑主语通常与句子的主语保持一致。时态特性：分词动作先于谓语动作发生时，分词用完成式，否则用一般式。语态特性：构成分词的动词与句子主语为主动关系时，分词用主动式；否则用被动式。即时跟踪(1)Having failed many times(Though he had failed many times)，he didnt lose heart.虽然失败多次，但他并不灰心。(2)The boy ran away，shouting loudly.那个男孩大喊着跑开了。(3) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.(2015天津，8)ATo work BWorkedCTo be working DHaving worked答案D解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：工作了两天后，史蒂夫设法准时完成了报告。动词work与句子主语Steve之间为主谓关系，故要用现在分词形式；同时work的动作发生在谓语动词managed to finish之前，故要用完成时。.单词拼写1He finally got a job in a company paying a good salary (薪水)2The product is on trial(试验) in our laboratory.3The basis(基础) of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.4The army began their long march(进发) to the coast.5They planned to put up a statue(雕像) for the President.选词填空1She will go for a trip, searching for inspiration.2The people rose up against the cruel king.3The children were aware of the harm of taking drugs.4I think Im coming down with a cold.5Can you tell me ahead of time if youre coming?.完成句子1As far as I am aware，they are a happy couple.据我所知，他们是幸福的一对。2Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy.听到这个消息时，他们都高兴得跳了起来。3I doubt whether/if hell change his mind.我怀疑他是否会改变主意。4If necessary，well help him solve the problem.如果必要的话，我们会帮助他解决这个问题。5Actually，teaching is an art based on science.事实上，教学是一门建立在科学基础上的艺术。.单项填空1Competition，they believe，strengthens the national character rather than it.Ahesitates BconfirmsCrecognizes Dcorrupts答案D解析corrupt使堕落，败坏，与题干中的strengthen“(使)变强，加强”相对应，符合题意，故选D。2The people should and defeat those who want war.Aturn against Bgo againstCrise up against Drise to fame答案C解析句意为：人民应起来反对并打败那些想要战争的人。rise up against起义，造反，反抗；turn against背叛；go against违背；rise to fame出名，故选C。3Do you wake up every morning energetic and ready to start a new day? Afeel Bto feel Cfeeling Dfelt 答案C解析考查非谓语动词。句意为：你是否每天早晨醒来时感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？ 现在分词短语feeling energetic 作伴随状语，故选C。4When asked by reporters，he refused to a judgement about the present situation.Amake BgiveCoffer Dtake答案A解析考查固定搭配。make a judgement about sth.对作出评价，故选A。5While watching television， .Athe doorbell rangBthe doorbell ringsCwe heard the doorbell ringDwe heard the doorbell rings答案C解析分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语一般与句子的主语一致。现在分词watching的逻辑主语为指人的词，故排除A、B两项。虽然C、D两项句子中的主语都是指人的词，但D项中作宾补的rings应为动词原形，故排除D项，选择C项。.单项填空1Do you have any doubt a cure for AIDS will be found soon?Awhich BthatCwhat Dwhether答案B解析doubt在否定句和疑问句中后接that从句，在肯定句中后接whether或if从句。2When the teacher，he was polite.Aasked BaskingCto ask Dbeing asked答案B解析句意为：他问老师问题时很有礼貌。he与ask之间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。when后省略了he was。3Could I ask you a rather personal question?Sure， .Apardon me Bgo aheadCgood idea Dforget it 答案B解析句意为：我可以问你一个很私人的问题吗？当然了，问吧。go ahead 在此引申为“问吧”。4It is not right to judge a person the clo