高考英语 情态动词课件.ppt

grammar grammar modalverbs 1 情态动词有一定的意义 只表示期待或估计某事的发生 不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情 2 没有人称和数的变化 即情态动词第三人称单数不加 s 3 不能独立使用 它和后面的动词构成谓语 4 情态动词除ought和have外 后面只能接动词原形5 情态动词没有非谓语形式 即没有不定式 分词 等形式 只作情态动词的can could may might oughtto must 可情态可实义的need dare dared 可情态可助动词的shall should will would 相当于情态动词的haveto usedto 情态动词的语法特征 1 sohecancarryheavybooks 2 hecouldn topenthedoorbyhimself 3 couldyouopenthedoor please themodalverbs can and couldn t meanone sabilitytodosomething theyaresimilarto beabletodosomething could inthethirdsentencemeansmakingarequest must can could may might的用法 must 1 must表示推测时 只能用于肯定句 mustdo对一般时的肯定推测 musthavedone对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断 mustbedoing对现在的动作进行肯定推测 他们买了一辆新车 他们一定很有钱 theyhaveboughtanewcar theymusthavealotofmoney 他现在一定在看小说 hemustbereadingnovelsnow 路是湿的 昨天晚上一定下雨了 theroadiswet itmusthaverainedlastnight can could 1 can could表示推测时 只能用在否定句或疑问句中 it ssolate cantombereading 这么晚了 汤姆还在看书吗 这个人不可能是玛丽 她生病了 itcan tbemary shehasfallenill 她不可能在说谎 shecouldn tbetellinglies 2 can couldnothavedone对过去发生行为进行推测 不可能做某事 刚才我还看见他了 所以他不可能出国的 isawhimjustnowsohecouldn thavegoneabroad 门是锁着的 所以她不可能在家 thedoorwaslocked soshecouldn thavebeenathome 3 can couldhavedone 本可以 本可能做某事 用于肯定句中 表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断 你本来可以考的更好 youcouldhavehadabettermark may might 1 may might表示推测时 只能用于陈述句 表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大 may might 她们明天可能会到这里来 theymaycomeheretomorrow 他们可能还在等我们呢 theymaybestillwaitingforus 2 might可用于指过去的行为或者表示可能性更小 他也许在作功课吧 hemightbedoinghishomeworknow 我问他我是否可以离开 iaskedhimifimightleave iaskedhim mayileavenow 3 might mayhavedone 表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测 他可能去医务室了 hemayhavegonetotheclinic 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了 hemighthavereadaboutthenewsinthenewspaper will wouldyoudo 表请求 表意志 愿望 决心would表过去反复发生得动作或某种倾向 总是 总要 usedto表过去常常 现在已没有这种习惯 过去常常 usedto可于状态动词连用would不可以eg heusedtobeaquietboy hewouldbeaquietboy will would ifyouwillhelpmewithmyenglish iwillbeveryhappy ipromisedthatiwoulddomybest youshalldoasisay 命令 1 在陈述句中 shall用于二 三人称表示允诺 警告 命令 决心等 shalliopenthewindowforyou 征求意见 2 在疑问句中 用于一 三人称 用来表示请求或征求意见 shall should和oughtto tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow 允诺 nothingshallstopmedoingit 决心 shallhefetchsomewaterforyou 请求 youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers 3 should常表示劝告 建议 命令 与oughtto意义相近 但oughtto多表示责任 义务 语气强烈 everycitizenoughttoobeylaw yououghtnottogo youshould oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier sheshouldn thaveleftwithoutsayingaword 4 should oughttohavedone表示责备或批评 意为 本应该 但 oughtto的语气更强烈 用于否定则表示 本不该 但 5 should用于可能性推测时 表 应该 很可能 theyleftat5 30 theyshouldgettherenow needhestartfromthebeginning yes hemust no heneedn t doesn thaveto 1 作情态动词时 仅用于否定或疑问句 后接动词原形 表 需要 need youneedn treturnthebooknow 2 needn thavedone表示做了本不必要做的事情 意为 本不必要 ourcolortvsetisstillgoodenough youneedn thaveboughtanewone 3 need作实义动词时 表示 需要 有人称 时态 和数的变化 heneedstofinishitthisevening theclassroomneedscleaning 1 作为情态动词用 常用在否定句和疑问句中 dare need s vs daren t needn t v idaren twalkthroughtheforestatnight dareyouwalkthroughtheforestatnight youneedn treturnthebooknow needhegoyesterday 可兼做行为动词的情态动词 need dare 2 作实义动词用 常用在肯定句中 有人称 时态 和数的变化 heneedstogotherehimself hehasgrownup wedon tneedtoworryabouthim 3 sth sb need want request doing tobedonethehouseneedscleaning tobecleanedtheboyneedssendingtothehospitalatonce 句型时态动词情态动词dare实义动词dare肯定句现在时daredodare darestodo过去时daredodaredtodo否定句现在时daren t darenotdodo doesnotdare to do过去时darednotdodidnotdare to do疑问句现在时darehedo doyou doeshedare to do 过去时daredhedo didhedare to do 2 iwonderhowhe thattotheteacher a daretosayb daresayingc notdaresayd daredsay d 4 asitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty we soformally aneedn tdressb didn thavetodressupc mightnothavedressedupd needn thavedressedup d 1 判断正误 howdareyousaysuchathing howdareyoutosaysuchathing hedaren ttospeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd didhe hedaren tspeakenglishbeforesuchacrowd darehe exercises nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully 用情态动词完成句子 1 you vebeenworkingallday you beverytired 2 thedoorbellrings iwonderwhothatis it belisa she sstillinthelibraryatthistime 3 itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime you comeandseeusmoreoften 4 ihaven tdecidedwherei mgoingformyholidays i gotoaustralia 5 whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher i mnotsure it beherbrother 6 whenhewasthere he gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday 7 you playthepianowhilethebabyissleeping 8 tom pleaselendmeahand mydrawer notopen must can t should may might would mustn t will 1 theflowerisdead i ityesterday a shouldwaterb mustwaterc shouldhavewateredd mustn thavewatered2 whattimeoughti a arrivedb arrivingc arrived toarrive3 he speaktohismotherlikethat a oughtnottob doesn toughttoc notoughttod oughttonot4 idon tthinkwe dbetter itanymore a discussb discussingc todiscussd discussed5 yououghtto him butyoudidn t a helpb helpedc helpingd havehelped c d a a d 1 excuseme butiwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport you havemycomputerifyoudon ttakecareofit a shan tb mightnotc needn td shouldn t a 2 whencanicomeforthephotos ineedthemtomorrowafternoon they bereadyby12 00 a canb shouldc mightd need b 3 withsomuchworkonhand you toseethegamelastnight a mustn tgob couldhavegonec shouldn tgod shouldn thavegone d 1 willyougoskatingwithmethiswintervacation it 2002上海 alldependedb alldependsc isalldependedd isalldepending 解析 答案b italldepends是 不确定 看情况 的意思 高考链接 b 2 ifailedinthefinalexaminationlasttermandonlythen theimportanceofstudies 2004重庆 a irealizedb ihadrealizedc hadirealizedd didirealize 解析 答案为d 句首为 only 副词 时 句子要用部分倒装语序 根据语境应为一般过去时态 d 3 iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain thefoodisterrible 2004全国 a noramib neitherwouldic samewithmed sodoi 答案b 第一个句子使用了would 用neither表示附和的意义时 助动词应与上文一致 b whenyouareverysureofsomething youusemustinpositivesentencesandcannotorcan tinnegativesentences e g youmustbejeanne i mmathildeloisel weusedtoknoweachotherverywell itcan tbetrue idon tbelieveit whenyouarequitesureaboutsomething youusecan e g attendingaballcanbeexciting practice1 whenyouthinkthatsomethingispossible butyouarenotverysure youusecould mayormight e g youcouldborrowsomejewelleryfromyourfriendjeanne whoismarriedtoarichman youmaynotknowthatthenecklaceireturnedisnottheonethatihadborrowed don tyouhaveafriendwhomightlendyousomejewellery 1 idon tknowwheresheis she beinwuhan 2 atthismoment ourteacher ourexampapers 这时 我们老师想必在批改试卷 3 theroadiswet it lastnight rain 4 yourmother foryou 你妈妈一定一直在找你 may mustbemarking musthaverained musthavebeenlooking 5 philip seriouslyinthecaraccident 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤 6 lindahasgonetowork butherbicycleisstillhere she go bybus 7 mike hiscar forhecametoworkbybusthismorning 迈克一定还没有找回他的车 因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的 may might havebeenhurt may might havegone can thavefound 用情态动词完成句子1 you vebeenworkingallday you beverytired 2 thedoorbellrings iwonderwhothatis it belisa she sstillinthelibraryatthistime 3 itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime you comeandseeusmoreoften must can t should 4 ihaven tdecidedwherei mgoingformyholidays i gotoaustralia 5 myfather sbirthdayisccoming what igethim 6 whydon tyoutryonthisdress it lookniceonyou may shall will 7 whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher i mnotsure it beherbrother 8 idon tknowwhentheguests behere they arriveatanytime might will could 2 a xiaofengfindtheoriginofeasterfromthatbook b no he 1 a youliketogotoaspecialeventwithusonsaturday b yes i would dliketogowithyouon saturday could couldn tfindit exercise 3 a igowithmyfriendtotheharvestfestival b yes you 4 a ifiwanttobeadoctor istudyscience b yes you shouldstudyscience may maygo withyour should friends 5 a heisveryhandsome heplaytheroleofth