河南省洛阳市中成外国语学校高三英语 非谓语复习课件.ppt

下列词组中的to为介词 后接名词或动名词 addtoconfesstolistentoobjecttorefertorespondtosticktowitnesstogetdowntolookforwardto accustom toapply todevote toowe toprefer toreduce tobeaccustomedtobecontrarytobeopposedtobeexposedtobelimitedto 增添 承认 听 说 反对 涉及 查阅 作出反应 坚持 见证 开始 期待 使 习惯于 把 运用于 把 奉献给 把 归功于 宁可要 把 降低到 习惯于 与 相反 反对 暴露于 限制在 20 下列词组中的to为介词 后接名词或动名词 addtoconfesstolistentoobjecttorefertorespondtosticktowitnesstogetdowntolookforwardto accustom toapply todevote toowe toprefer toreduce tobeaccustomedtobecontrarytobeopposedtobeexposedtobelimitedto 增添 承认 听 说 反对 涉及 查阅 作出反应 坚持 见证 开始 期待 使 习惯于 把 运用于 把 奉献给 把 归功于 宁可要 把 降低到 习惯于 与 相反 反对 暴露于 限制在 20 fillintheblanks iprefer drive to bedrive heisaccustomedto work hard imeantto buy aneveningpaperbutididn tseeanyonesellingthem fredconfessedto break intothehouse idon tobjectto lend youmypen sheisdeterminedtodevoteallherlifeto teach iusedto ride alotbeforeiretired i mlookingforwardto see youagain woodisusedto make furniture afteratimeigotusedto live alone driving beingdriven working buy breaking lending teaching ride seeing make living istronglyobjecttobeingtreatedasachild 1 theriseinelectricitycostshasaddedtoourdifficulties 3 shereferredtothenewdiscoveryseveraltimesinhistalk 4 theyarelookingforwardtovisitingthenewlybuilttunnel 5 weareopposedtohavingapartywithouthim 6 maryisusedtogettingupearlynow 7 whenthefamouspianistwasachild hewasaccustomedtopracticingforseveralhourseveryday 8 themodelworkerdevotedallhislifetoservingthepeople 9 thecollegegraduatesapplynewtechnologytosolvingthepollutionproblem 10 themanwasoutofworkandwasreducedtobegginginthestreet 中译英 1 小李的再次迟到增添了我们的困难 addto 2 他们反对被当作孩子来对待 objectto 3 晚饭后孩子们开始做作业 getdownto 4 这位老人把一生都奉献给了为人民服务 devote to 5 当遇到生词时你们可以查字典 refer to 6 老师们把多媒体技术运用与教学当中 apply to 7 我们期待着再次参观你们学校 lookforwardto 动名词做定语 没有被动和完成式 1 mymotherboughtasewingmachine 2 hecollectedalotofreadingmaterials 3 thiswatercannotbeusedas drink water drinking 5 卧铺车厢 6 自来水 7 学习方法 8 起居室 sleepingcar runningwater learningmethod sitting room awritingpen apenforwriting 不及物动词 以fall为例 有以下形式 fallingfallenhavingfallen 1 youcanseefallingleavesflutteringintheair 2 thegroundwascoveredwithfallenleaves 3 seeingnobodyintheclassroom heleftatonce 4 havingtriedagain hesucceededinbringingtheteamtothechampionoftheworldcup 进行 完成 一般 完成 分词的时态和语态 及物动词 以write为例 有以下形式 writinghavingwrittenbeingwrittenhavingbeenwritten 1 themansellingnewspapersforalivinghasjustbeenlaidoff 2 studentsseeingafilmnowareformshanghaino2middleschool 3 havingbeenfinished thecompositionwashandedin 4 thebridgebeingbuiltwillbelongestintheworld 一般 进行 完成 进行 theysuggestedgoingtobeijingbyplane 宾语 在下列动词后面用动名词做宾语 enjoy finish prepare mind avoid consider delay keep imagine risk suggest allow resist fancy admit dislike deny practice miss postpone putoff giveup escape it snogood it snouse it sworth can tstand can thelp can tbear 1 fancymeetingyouhere 2 theydelayedansweringtheletter 3 heriskedlosinghisjobbycriticizingtheboss 30 4 thegirlcouldn thelpcryingatthesadnews 5 ican tstandwaitingforsolongatime 6 我明天将看完这本书 7 你应该避免再犯这样的错误 8 小偷承认偷了他的手表 9 学英语不练习讲是没用的 10 很抱歉 我没法帮做家务 iwillfinishreadingthisbooktomorrow youshouldavoidmakingsuchamistakeagain thethiefadmittedhavingstolenhiswatch it snouselearningenglishwithoutpracticing sorry ican thelp to dothehousework idon tmind call laowang praise timeandagaininpublicmadehimfeelembarrassed learn someenglishbeforehelpedhimalotwhenhewasinengland theysuggested give somemoreinformation iconsider notdo theexperimentagain beingcalled beingpraised havinglearned 1 mary sbeinglatemadetheteacherangry 动名词带有自己的主语 2 他们的到来 wasagreathelptous 3 idon tlike 他们去看电影 theircoming theirgoingtothecinema beinggiven notdoing 1 doyoumindmyopeningthewindow 2 doyoumindmeopeningthewindow 3 heinsistedonourshowingourpasses 4 heinsistedonusshowingourpasses 5 didyouhearthenoiseofthedoorbeingopened 6 didyouhearthenoiseofthedoor sbeingopened wrong 也可以用宾格 7 xiaoli shavingarrivedintimemadeusfeelrelieved 7 xiaolihavingarrivedintimemadeusfeelrelieved wrong 句首只用所有格 无生命的名词只用普通格 分词的时态和语态 及物动词 以write为例 有以下形式 writinghavingwrittenbeingwrittenhavingbeenwritten 1 themansellingnewspapersforalivinghasjustbeenlaidoff 2 studentsseeingafilmnowareformshanghaino2middleschool 3 havingbeenfinished thecompositionwashandedin 4 thebridgebeingbuiltwillbelongestintheworld 一般 进行 完成 进行 不及物动词 以fall为例 有以下形式 fallingfallenhavingfallen 1 youcanseefallingleavesflutteringintheair 2 thegroundwascoveredwithfallenleaves 3 seeingnobodyintheclassroom heleftatonce 4 havingtriedagain hesucceededinbringingtheteamtothechampionoftheworldcup 进行 完成 一般 完成 compare 1 ifoundhimreadingintheclassroom 2 ifoundhimleavewithoutsayingaword 3 ifoundhimtobeveryinteresting 4 ifoundhimtowritealetterinenglish wrong 1 imadehimdotheworkagain 2 imademyselfunderstoodinenglish 3 imadehimtobeacollegestudent 4 imadehimtodotheworkagain 5 imadethemachinerunning 6 imadethelessonveryinteresting adj wrong wrong wrong 1 inoticedhimmakingatelephonecall 谓语动词 宾语 宾语补足语 非谓语 2 shehadanewdressmadelastweek 我看到他在打电话 上星期她请人做了一件新衣 非谓语做宾补有多少形式 三种 以write为例 writewritingwritten wecanseethem fly alongtheriver haveyoueverhearditalian speak isawhim go upstairsjustnow don tkeepyourmother wait theycaughthim steal inthestore flying spoken go waiting stealing 如何区别v v ing v ed 1 ifoundthefloorshaking active progress 2 weconsideredthemattersettled passive finished 我感到地面在抖动 我们认为这件事解决了 3 isawthemancrosstheroadandgetonabus active finished 我看见那人穿过马路上了一辆公交车 4 iheardsomeoneknockingatthedoor 5 shefeltherselfgettingyoungerandyounger 6 iwatchedhimentertheroomandsitdown 7 hefoundhishometownmuchchanged 主动 被动 进行 完成 fillintheblanks wesawthem enter theroom iheardthewind blow canyousmellsomething burn hisactionsmadehim respect whenhecameback hefoundhishometowngreatly change hefelthimself seize byastronghandfrombehind isawtheman cross theroad go uptoastalland buy apaper isawhim enter theroomand lie down enter blowing burning respected changed seized cross go buy enter lie 谓语动词 宾语 宾语补足语 非谓语 那些动词可以带宾补 两大类 感官动词 使役动词 感官动词 feel see hear find notice listento lookat watch observe 使役动词 make have get let keep catch smell leave 感官动词 使役动词常见形式 以do为例 find keep get leave 宾语 doing done hear see watch feel have 宾语 do doing done lookat listento notice observe 宾语 do doing find 发现 keep 保持 get 使得 leave 使处于 状态 wefoundthem make anexperimentinthelaboratory theykeptthefire burn allnight hekepthiseyes shut whilethinking theygotthework do byfriday theyfellasleep leavingthemachine run theyallwentaway leavingtheprisoner tie toachair thebossfoundhisluck go intheend heusedtoleavethewindowsopenedatnight r w tomysurprise ifoundthedoorclosed r w making burning shut done running tied open r doing主动进行 done被动完成 状态 gone hear 听见 see 看见 feel 感觉到 watch 看着 have 叫人 吩咐 iheardhim sing anenglishsongwhenicamein isawhim talk withhisteacherinthedining roombeforeicamehere ifeltmyheart beat fastatthenews shesawtheboy break thewindow shefeltherself get youngerandyounger thestudentswatchedtheteacher make theexperimentattentively thestudentswatchtheteacher make theexperimentandthentheydiditbythemselves singing talking beating break getting making make do主动完成doing主动进行done被动完成 don tworry i llhavehim return thebooktoyoutomorrow theteacherhadthestudents do exercisesallmorningintheclassroom iwon thaveyou say suchthingsaboutmysister won thave解释 不允许 hefelthisshoulder touch byastronghand isawthethief put hishandinthewoman sbagand pick outawallet isawthecar bump intothetreeand turn over thecomputerhehad repair isoutoforderagain return doing saying touched put pick bump turn repaired listento听 lookat看着 notice注意到 observe观察 看到 welistenedtotherain patter onthewindow inoticedthem lock thedoorand drive away arrivinghome henoticedhiswristwatch miss ihaveneverobservedhim do otherwise thepolicemanobservedtheprisoner open thewindow thepolicemanobservedtheprisoner try toopenthewindow mr yanglookedathischildren play ballgamesontheplayground didyounoticehishand shake pattering lock drive missing do open trying playing shaking make 使得 宾语 do done 形容词ing 形容词ed 名词 smell 闻到 catch 逮住 宾语 doing hemanagedtomakehimself understand withhisbrokenenglish hetriedtomakehimself understand whattheyweretalkingabout canyousmellsomething burn inthekitchen hismothercaughthim play videogamesagain thethiefwascaught steal inthesupermarket theywanttomakehimtobeacollegestudent r w hehadacleverwaytomakethestoryinteresting r w understood understand burning playing stealing r correction theyfoundhimdohishomeworkaloneathome theymadehimtobeveryembarrassed iwon thaveyousaythattoyourmother shecaughthimsmokeinthecornertheroom shecouldn tmakeherselfunderstandinenglish theysawamanrushingintotheroomandtakingawayeverythingonthedesk henoticedhiscarkeymissed sohehadtowalkhome motherhadhimdohishomeworkallmorning hekepthiseyesshuttingwhilethinking heleftthedoorhalfopenbeforegoingtobed doing saying smoking understood rush take missing doing shut opened hear see feel watch make listento lookat notice observe 1 peopleoftenhearhersingenglishsongs 改成被动 sheisoftenheardtosingenglishsongs 2 theysawhimslipintotheroomandsitdownathisdesk 被动 fathermademewritethecompositionagain 被动 hewasseentoslipintotheroomandsitdownathisdesk iwasmadetowritethecompositionagain byfather theynoticedhimtalkingabouttheterroristattack 被动 theysawhimdoinganexperimentinthelab 被动unfortunately wefoundthegateclosed 被动 hewasnoticedtobetalkingabouttheterroristattack hewasseentobedoinganexperimentinhislab unfortunately thedoorwasfoundclosed correction hewasheardtobesinginginthenextroom theboywaslistenedtoreadenglishaloud shewasmadetobemonitorofourclass shewasmaderecitingthetextagain thelessonwasmadetobeinterestingwithcomputersintroduced shewasfoundtopayafineforhiswrongdoings thegirlswereseentobeplayingbridgedownstairs shewasfoundtobeplayingchesswithmarythere hewaswatchedtogetoffthebus hewasletgo togointheend reading toread torecite paying watch lookat have无被动语态 r 非谓语动词 不定式 时态和语态 主动四种 被动两种 todo tobedoing tohavedone tohavebeendoing tobedone tohavebeendone 我预计下星期回来 她很想被邀请参加舞会 那时 我碰巧在做作业 他假装已经复习了功课 据说今年他一直在写一本小说 1 iexpecttocomebacknextweek 2 ihappenedtobedoingmylessonsthen 3 hepretendedtohavereviewedhislessons 4 sheissaidtohavebeenwritinganovelthisyear 5 sheisanxioustobeinvitedtotheball 6 thebookissaidtohavebeentranslatedintoseverallanguages 正在发生 happen后接todo that从句 表示 碰巧 在pretend之前 表示将来 在进行 被动 将来 据说这本书已被翻译成几种文字 被动 完成 不能说 iwashappeningtodomylessonsthen 不能说 hehadpretendedtoreviewhislessons 已经假装过了 正在发生 exercise 不定式的否定形式 ihopetoseehimagain 否定 ihopenottoseehimagain 不说 idon thopetosee 不定式的否定式在to前面加not 如towrite nottowrite 改成否定式 wishtodo pretendtodo advise todo inordertodo appeartodo soastodo happentodo happentohavedone seemtobedoing soearlyastodo pretendnottodo advise nottodo inordernottodo appearnottodo soasnottodo happennottodo happennottohavedone seemnottobedoing soearlyasnottodo wishnottodo 他假装没听见我们在说些什么 为了不再迟到 她起得很早 他那么的聪明以至于不会上当受骗的 takein 你最好不要不懂装懂 我宁愿不和他一起看电影 wouldrather 据说隧道还没造好 shegotupearlyinordernottobelateagain heissocleverasnottobetakenin you dbetternotpretendtoknowwhatyoudon tknow iwouldrathernotgotothecinemawithhim more hadbetterdo it sbettertodo wouldratherdo hadbetternottodo it sbetternottodo wouldrathernotdo 还有 hepretendednottohearwhatweweretalkingabout thetunnelissaidnottohavebeencompleted 不定式可以在句中作主语 表语 宾语 定语 状语和宾语补足语 作主语 todosth 句中有不定式作表语时不用it句型 和他谈话是很愉快的 1 totalkwithhimisagreatpleasure 3 toseeistobelieve 2 it sanurse sdutytotakecareofpatients 主语较长时 用it句型 主语较短时 it sagreatpleasuretotalkwithhim 所以不能说 it stobelievetosee 主语太长时可以用it作形式主语 形式主语 真正的主语 因此可以说 也可以说 seeingisbelieving 但不能说 toseeisbelieving or seeingistobelieve 系表结构中前后要一致 关心病人是护士的责任 眼见为实 itis todosth 小结 more 作宾语 v 谓语 todo 作及物动词的宾语 thinkit adj 宾补 todo it为形式宾语 haveonchoicebuttodo 不定式不作介词的宾语 but except例外 他设法及时完成了作业 我认为在中学掌握一门外语是可能的 他们除了呆在那儿别无选择 hemanagedtofinishhishomeworkintime ithinkitpossibletofinishoneforeignlanguageinmiddleschool theyhavenochoicebuttostaythere 作manage的宾语 作think的宾语 作but的宾语 句型 常见带不定式作宾语的动词有 affordagreeaskarrangeaimattemptchooseclaimdecidedeterminedesirefailexpecthopeintendlonglearnmanageofferplanpromisepreparepretendrefusetendthreatenventurevolunteerwishwouldlikehappen 只跟不定式 wantneedcan thelprememberforgetbeginstartlikeprefertrystopregretmeanpropose 打算todo 建议doing hatelovegoon 跟不定式或动名词 有差异 1a 1b 2 区别 think findfeel considerit todo 可以带宾补的动词 3 buttodo butdo 解释 除了 详细 练习 e g affordtodo agreetodo arrangetodo 作表语 betodo 表示内容 比较be v ing betodo 表示计划 安排 他的愿望是成为一名外交家 培养学生解决问题的能力是我们的主要任务 下周我们将参加军训 herwishis ourmaintaskis weare nextweek todevelopthestudents abilitytosolveproblems tobecomeadiplomat totakepartinmilitarytraining 比较 theplanistobuildanotherbridgeovertheriver theplanisinteresting myjobisteachingenglish interesting 性质 内容 内容 性质 2 mytaskistoteachthemanenglishsong 3 hiswishistobecomeanengineer 4 hisplanisdisappointingtous betodo表示将来应注意 1 wearetohaveatesttomorrowafternoon 不能说 wewillbetohaveatesttomorrowafternoon 2 themeetingwastobeheldthenextweek 不能说 themeetingwouldbetobeheldthenextweek 另外 iwastohavecomeyesterday butiwastoobusy 我原来是要来的 但我太忙了 原来的打算未实现 exercise 我们明天下午将测验 会议将在下周举行 作定语 我有个好消息要告诉你 小林是个很好共事的人 我想要个盒子放铅笔 这是度假的好地方 要交朋友 他是再合适不过的了 ihavegotapieceofgoodnewstotellyou mr linisaverynicepersontoworkwith vi 不及物动词时要加介词 iwantaboxtoputmypencilin 理解为inabox thisisagoodplacetohaveaholiday heisthebestmanwithwhomtomakefriends place time时介词一般省略 tomakefriendswith的另一种写法 1 放在被修饰词后面2 与被修饰词是动宾关系 withtheperson 因此第三句也可说成是 iwantaboxinwhichtoputmypencil at 放在被修饰词news的后面 heisthebestmantomakefriendswith 6 她总是第一个到学校 7 昨天他是最后一个离开教室的人 指挥员发出命令开始进攻 她想当教师的愿望迟早会实现 sheisalwaysthefirsttocometoschool hewasthelastpersontoleavetheclassroomyesterday thecommandergavetheordertostarttheattack 序数词后只用不定式作定语 同上 不定式表示被修饰词的内容 herwishtobecomeateacherwillcometruesoonerorlater 同上 more 比较 thebridgebuiltlastyearisthelongest 过去分词作定语 themanreadingspeaksgoodenglish 现在分词作定语 比较 去年造好的那座桥是最长的 在看书的那个人英语讲的很好 作状语 他经常去看望祖母 todo 为了谋生 他不得不从早到晚工作 todo 为了掌握英语 我们应该努力学习 inorderto 快点走 免得误了早班车 soasto heoftengoestoseehisgrandmother hehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight let shurryup wemustworkhardatit wemustworkhardatenglishinordertomasterit hehadtoworkfrommorningtillnighttomakealiving 目的 强调式 表示句子的目的 soasto只能位于句尾 表示goes的目的 inordertomasterenglish soasnottomisstheearlybus tomakealiving 不定式可以表示 目的 结果 原因 情况 条件 表示目的 todo inordertodo soastodo inanefforttodo 为了 为了 以便于 努力 为了 5 他们太年轻 不能了解我们党的历史 too to 6 我哥哥已到了参军的年龄 adj adv enoughto 7 我匆忙赶到银行 结果 却发现已经关门了 8 他不会 不至于愚蠢到做那件事 so asto theyaretooyoungtounderstandthehistoryofourparty mybrotherisoldenoughtojointhearmy ihurriedtothebank onlytofinditwasclosed heisnotsofoolishastodothat 比较 hewassocleverasnottobefoundbytheenemy i monlytoogladtogoonatrip 我太想去旅游了 他是那么的聪明以至于未被敌人发现 结果 enoughto足以 not enoughtodo不足以 与主句用逗号分开 too to 太 以致于不能only justtoo to 非常想 很高兴 so asto 如此 以致于 not soasto 不至于 only justtofind tosee tolearn结果发现 得知 以致于未 more 原因 条件 情况 原因 想到他们愚蠢的回答他笑了 helaughedtothinkoftheirstupidanswer shewassurprisedtohearthathefailedtheexam thepollutedwaterisnotfittodrink togetagoodmarkyouhavetoworkveryhard 听到他考试没通过 她很惊讶 被污染的水不宜饮用 要想得到好成绩你就得勤奋学习 在形容词后做状语 结构 be adj todo 有时态 有语态 i mgladtoseeyouhere hewassurprisedtohavebeenaskedsomanyquestions theywereonlytooanxioustoleave wewerehappytobegivensuchagoodopportunity i msorrytohavegivenyoursomuchtrouble 被动 完成 被动 完成 常见形容词有 eagersuresorryluckyangryafraidanxioushappyfoolishstupidcleverkindslowquickreadylikelyfreegood 很抱歉没有及时停止你 没看到那场戏 他觉得很生气 heisangrytohavemissedtheshow i msorrynottohaveinformedyouaboutit 疑问代词 不定式结构 ask todo 作宾语补足语 她要我帮忙 我看见他们进了房间 她要留我吃午饭 星期天他通常帮母亲洗衣服 我会叫他把这重新做一遍的 heaskedmetohelphim isawthem shetriedtomakeme heusuallyhelpshismother onsundays see do make let do help to do iwillhavehim have do entertheroom stayfordinner more to washclothes doitagain 结构 动词 宾语 宾语补足语如 tellsomebodytodosomething more more 把下列句子改成被动语态 如 find do isfoundtodo 练习 isawhimentertheroom hermotherwon tlethergooutintheevening theymadehimstudyfrommorningtillnight shenoticedhimgetupandleavetheroom iheardthemtalkaboutthattimeagain hewasseentoentertheroom shewon tbelet to gooutintheevening hewasmadetostudyfrommorningtillnight hewasnoticedtogetupandleavetheroom theywereheardtotalkaboutthattimeagain 不定式作宾补的句子改成被动语态后不定式要加to let的被动式可以不带to 作主语补足语 有人看见他拿走了这本杂志 他们被迫离开了自己的国家 有人帮助我们克服了困难 警察不让他走 shewasseentotakeawaythemagazine theyweremadetoleavetheircountry wewerehelpedtoovercomethedifficulties heisnotlet to gobythepoliceman watch have没有被动式 用被动语态翻译下列句子 不定式的复合结构 注意 for短语是不定式的逻辑主语 与不等式构成主谓关系 你认为我们应该每天练习讲英语吗 我们安排一辆车子来接你 doyouthinkitnecessaryforustopracticespeakingenglisheveryday wewillarrangeforacartopickyouup 主动语态 注意 itisnecessaryforthecartoberepairedatonce 有必要把车子立刻修好 车子被修好 被动语态 more 不能说 doyouthinknecessaryforusto 常见结构 因为句型3 主谓关系 wepracticespeaking thecarwillpickyouup 今天上午我们有很多事情要做 这个问题我难以回答 我们有必要学好英语 thereisalotofthingsforustodothismorning thisproblemisdifficultformetoanswer good kind nice wise clever foolish silly stupid wrong impolite careless时 of todo 此类形容词表示主语的特征 属性 easy difficult hard safe dangerous pleasant nice interesting fit时 不定式的主动语态 比较 it snecessaryforustolearnenglishwell youareverykindtorepairmybicycle 注意 thereisnothingtodo tobedonenow 不带for短语 主被动无区别 注意 theproblemisdifficulttoanswer tobeanswered 谢谢你为我修了自行车 it sverykindofyoutorepairmybicycle kind后面介词用of more therebe句型 sthiseasyforsbtodo句型 itiseasyforsbtodosth 句型 不定式省略to的情况 除了see感官动词 makelethave等动词之外 以下情况也要省略to 1 我们让他呆在家里等我们回来 tell 2 为什么不在字典里查这个单词 whynot 3 你最好不要打扰我 4 我们最好让她好好休息一会儿 5 我宁愿不去麻烦怀特先生 wetoldhimtostayathomeandwaittillwecameback whynotlookupthewordinthedictionary you dbetternotdisturbme 不定式数个并列时保留第一个 why not 句型中不加to wemightaswellletherhaveagoodrest wewouldrather soonernottroublemr white hadbetter best not do注意 it sbetter not todo mightaswell do wouldratherwouldsooner do 第一个 第二个 不定式的省略 1 doyousmoke no butiusedto no butiusedtosmoke 不等式部分若重复前面所提到的内容 则可以省略 只保留to 重复 2 doyouliketogotheconcertwithmetonight yes iwouldloveto iwouldlovetogotoconcert 重复 3 ifyoudon twanttodoit youdon tneedto 补全句子 ifyoudon twanttodoit youdon tneedtodoit 但是 不定式部分若是be动词 则保留be动词 1 thesituationisworsethoughtheywantittobe 2 thewomangrewthinnerthanshehadwantedtobe 3 hisparentsinsistedonhisbecomingateacherthoughhedid