普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考英语临考冲刺卷（十）.doc

普通高等学校2018年招生全国统一考试临考冲刺卷(十)英 语 注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略) 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。asydney trains is one of the most economical, reliable and convenient ways to travel throughout sydney and its surrounds.our network, the nsw trains intercity, covers suburban sydney and extends to the hunter, central coast, blue mountains, southern highlands and south coast regions.the network is made up of several color-coded lines. trains from different lines can share the same platform, so check display screen and listen to announcements.ticket prices are generally based on the distance traveled. you can visit transportnsw. info for details.getting to the city.in sydney, if youre near a train station, youre on your way to the city. every rail line leads directly or indirectly to the city circle. its the loop around the central business district of sydney. most city stations are underground so look out for the sign on street level.automatic ticket gateslarge stations have automatic gates for entry to, and exit from, the station. if you have an opal card or a ticket which has a magnetic stripe you must use the automatic gates. you may use the wide gate for wheelchair, pram or luggage access. station staff will assist you.night ride busesmost trains do not operate between midnight and 4:00 a.m. for your convenience a special night ride bus service is available between these hours on most sydney suburban lines.track workin order for the tracks to the maintained, we sometimes have to replace train with buses, particularly at weekends, please check the track work section for the latest service alterations on your line.21. to get more information about ticket prices, travelers had better_.a. go to the city circle b. visit a websitec. check display screen d. listen to announcements【答案】b【解析】本文主要向我们介绍了悉尼的列车服务以及有关悉尼列车的具体细节介绍。细节理解题，根据第四段“ticket prices are generally based on the distance traveled. you can visit transportnsw.票价大体上是建立在旅行距离上的，你可以访问transportnsw，”所以要通过访问网站的方式，故选b22. what service is offered to travelers in need at most big stations?a. a free opal card. b. earlier entry to the station.c. help from station workers. d. a ticket with a magnetic stripe.【答案】c【解析】 细节理解题，根据automatic ticket gates这一小标题下的“station staff will assist you.”，可知在大型车站会有工作人员的帮助，故选c.23. which is the best convenient time to travel by sydney trains?a. at midnight. b. on sunday afternoon.c. between midnight and 4:00 a.m. d. at 6:00 p.m. on wednesday.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题，根据night ride buses这一小标题下的“most trains do not operate between midnight and 4:00 a.m.大多数的列车在半夜和凌晨四点之间不运行”，再结合四个选项，故选d.ba man observed a woman in the grocery store with a three year old girl in her basket. as they passed the cookie section, the child asked for chocolate and her mother told her “no.” the little girl immediately began to get upset, and the mother remarked quietly, “now tina, we just have half of the aisles(通道) left to go through; dont be upset. it wont be long.”he passed the mother again in the candy aisle. of course, the little girl began to shout for candy. when she was told she couldnt have any, she began to cry. the mother said, “there, there, tina. only a little bit longer, and then well be checking out.”the man again happened to be behind the pair at the check-out, where the little girl immediately began to cry for a gum(橡皮糖) and burst into a terrible anger upon discovering there would be no gum purchased today. the mother said, “ellen, well be through this check out stand in five minutes, and then you can go home and have a nice nap.”the man followed them out to the parking lot and stopped the woman to compliment her. “i couldnt help noticing how patient you were with little ellen .”the mother broke in, “my little girls name is tammy. im ellen.”24. what did the little girl ask for?a. cakes, candies, gumsb. cookies, candies, a napc. candies, gums, a napd. cookies, candies, gums【答案】d【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，叙述一个小女孩和妈妈在杂货店里的情景。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句as they passed the cookie section, the child asked for chocolate and her mother told her “no”.第二段第二句the little girl began to shout for candy,和第三段第一句the man again happened to the behind the pair at the check-out, where the little girl immediately began to cry for a gum(橡皮糖)，可知小女孩想要cookies，candies, gums, 故选d。25. which of the statements is not true?a. the little girl wanted to eat some snacks.b. the woman didnt buy anything her daughter asked for.c. the man would be very surprised at the womans answer.d. the man wanted to offer some help to the woman.【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段the man followed them out to the parking lot and stopped the woman to compliment her. “i couldnt help noticing how patient you were with little ellen .”可知，这个男子并不想提供帮助给这个妇女。故选d。26. what does the underlined word mean?a. scoldb. criticizec. praised. comfort【答案】c【解析】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段第二句“i couldnt help noticing how patient you were with little ellen .” “我特别注意到你对小蒂纳真是有耐心.”可知这个男士在称赞这位妇女。划线词的意思应该是“称赞”，故选c。27. which word can best describe the woman?a. patientb. anxiousc. caringd. humorous【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“now tina, we just have half of the aisles(通道) left to go through; dont be upset. it wont be long.”可知，这位妇女是焦虑的，她想快点走过去。故选b。cwelcome to glass of venice, the number one importer and retailer of authentic murano glass in the us and one of the top names among murano glass retailers worldwide. we work directly with artisans (工匠) from murano, italy to bring you the unique centuries old art rooted in tradition and skill. every item is handcrafted with passion using ancient techniques that made murano glassmakers world-famous since the 8th century. now you neednt make a trip to murano to own an authentic piece of art as beautiful as venice itself.at the time of mass-produced products that carry no special meaning, murano glass gives you an opportunity to express your individuality. every piece is unique.murano glass is 100% handcrafted in venice. be a part of the centuries-old venetian tradition!a piece of the artisans heart and soul is captured in every murano glass creation. crafting murano glass jewelry, vases, sculptures and other functional and decorative pieces is a complicated process from silica, minerals, water, and fire. venetian artisans create masterpieces. the techniques they use are centuries old, and artisans have been trained for many years in their fathers and grandfathers, workshops before they can attain a revered status of the true master of the craft.murano glass masters are not just artisans; they are artists. ever since murano glassmakers guild (公会) was established on this venetian island in 1291, they have been innovating, seeking new methods of creating glass, and pushing forward to express new philosophies and artistic visions through glass. this made murano glass get its own art form, and it has been recognized at international expositions and top art museums and galleries worldwide. today the famous glass masters working on murano island are first and foremost artists, and glass of venice is proud to offer artistic masterpieces from top murano glass workshops.28. what can be inferred about murano glass?a. it is made by using modern machines.b. every piece is made in the us.c. every piece has a special style.d. it was designed in the 8th century.【答案】c【解析】这篇文章主要介绍了“慕拉诺玻璃”举世闻名，每一块玻璃都是独一无二的风格，如此奇特的玻璃出自“慕拉诺玻璃”大师之手。他们使用的技术已经历经几个世纪，工匠们在获得令人尊敬的工艺大师身份之前，已经在他们父辈和祖父辈的工作坊里训练了许多年。细节理解题。由every piece is unique.可知“慕拉诺玻璃”每一块都是独一无二的风格，选c。29. the underlined word “revered” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “ ”.a. considerateb. relievedc. complexd. respected【答案】d【解析】词义猜测题。the techniques they use are centuries old, and artisans have been trained for many years in their fathers and grandfathers, workshops before they can attain a revered status of the true master of the craft.这句话的意思是他们使用的技术已经历经几个世纪，工匠们在获得令人尊敬的工艺大师身份之前，已经在他们父辈和祖父辈的工作坊里训练了许多年。所以“revered”的意思是受尊敬的，选d。30. what were murano glass masters devoted to doing according to the text?a. exploring ways to develop the creation of glass.b. exporting murano glass to many foreign countries.c. building art museums to show the beauty of murano glass.d. creating a special art form to express their philosophies of life.【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。由murano glass masters are not just artisans; they are artists. ever since murano glassmakers guild (公会) was established on this venetian island in 1291, they have been innovating, seeking new methods of creating glass, and pushing forward to express new philosophies and artistic visions through glass.可知“慕拉诺玻璃”大师们致力于玻璃的创新，选a。31. what is the authors attitude to murano glass masters works?a. critical.b. admirable.c. cautious.d. aggressive.【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。由this made murano glass get its own art form, and it has been recognized at international expositions and top art museums and galleries worldwide. today the famous glass masters working on murano island are first and foremost artists, and glass of venice is proud to offer artistic masterpieces from top murano glass workshops.可知作者对“慕拉诺玻璃”大师的作品持赞赏态度。选b。dat your next meeting, wait for a pause in conversation and try to measure how long it lasts.among english speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most. but while this pattern may be universal, our awareness of silence differs dramatically across cultures.what one culture considers a confusing or awkward pause may be seen by others as a valuable moment of reflection and a sign of respect for what the last speaker has said. research in dutch (荷兰语) and also in english found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. in contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 secondsnearly twice as long as in americans meetings.in japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you dont speak at all. its already a failure to understand each other by speaking because youre repairing that failure by using words.in the us, it may originate from the history of colonial (殖民地的) america as a crossroads of many different races. when you have a complex of difference, its hard to establish common understanding unless you talk and theres understandably a kind of anxiety unless people are verbally engaged to establish a common life. this applies also to some extent to london.in contrast, when theres more homogeneity, perhaps its easier for some kinds of silence to appear. for example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.32. which of the following people might have the longest silence in conversation?a. the dutch. b. americans.c. the english. d. the japanese.【答案】d【解析】本文主要讲述了谈话中的沉默文化。尽管交谈中出现停顿是普遍存在的，但我们对沉默的认识在不同的文化中有着巨大的差异。不同的文化中沉默时间不同，对于沉默的看法也不同。相比而言，亲密的朋友和家人之间更容易出现沉默。细节理解题。根据第二段首句“among english speakers, chances are that it will be a second or two at most.”第三段最后两句“research in dutch (荷兰语)and also in english found that when a silence in conversation stretches to four seconds, people start to feel uneasy. in contrast, a separate study of business meetings found that japanese people are happy with silences of 8.2 seconds-nearly twice as long as in americans meetings.”可知，日本人可能在谈话中有最长沉默。故选d。33. what might the japanese agree with in conversation?a. speaking more gives the upper hand.b. speak out what you have in your mind.c. great minds think alike without words.d. the shorter talking silence, the better.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段首句“in japan, it is recognized that the best communication is when you dont speak at all.”可知，在日本，一般认为最好的交流是一句话不说的时候。因此推断日本人认为“伟大的心灵，无言而思”。故选c。34. what can we learn from the text?a. a four-second silence in conversation is universal.b. its hard for americans to reach a common agreement.c. english speakers are more talkative than japanese speakers.d. the closer we and our family are, the easier the silence appears.【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“for example, among your closest friends and family its easier to sit in silence than with people youre less well acquainted with.”可知，亲密的人之间更容易出现沉默，因此我们和家人越亲密，沉默越容易出现。故选d。35. what does the underlined word “homogeneity” in the last paragraph mean?a. similarity. b. contradiction.c. diversity. d. misunderstanding.【答案】a【解析】词句猜测题。根据下文的举例可知，越亲密的人，越容易出现沉默，因此推断画线句句意是：相比而言，当有更多相似时，也许沉默更容易出现。故画线词意思与similarlity意义相近。故选a。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 not everyone deals with their feelings as an open book for others to read._36_learn to open up in order to improve your mental health._37_accept this and move on. give yourself some time to have sweaty palms or a shaky voice, since it will get better with practice.ask people open-ended questions. to begin practicing opening up, you need to engage in honest, open conversation. try a question like, how are things going at work? instead of hows it going? to get an open answer. then, in turn answer open-ended questions with honest answers, instead of fine or ok._38_however,in most cases people are flattered that you are listening to them and interested in their life.try emulating（效仿）someone who is very open. observe them in a social situation. then, try to act as if you are them occasionally. many open behaviors are learned, and not a natural part of personality._39_avoid being a know it all. some people think advice is opening up, but it is unlikely to help you more open. when you want to give advice, listen and try to learn something new from the situation._40_schedule at least one long conversation per week. in the conversation you tell someone about the emotional and difficult part of your life. get into the practice of opening up about whats good and bad in your life.a. in this case, practice can make perfect.b. call close friends and family members more often.c. asking people personal questions is not always proper.d. try connecting about hobbies, interests, vacations or books.e. listening patiently is a great way to overcome fear of sharing emotions in public.f. understand that there is usually some fear with opening up to other people.g. however, closing yourself o圩from new people can stop your personal growth.【答案】36. g 37. f 38. c 39. a 40. b【解析】本文是一篇说明文，教给你如何敞开心扉和人交谈。不是每个人都把自己的感情当作一本可以让别人阅读的书。要学会开放，以改善你的心理健康。36. g根据上句：不是每个人都把自己的感情当作一本可以让别人阅读的书。再根据空格下句：学会开放，以改善你的心理健康。可知此空的意思是：然而，关闭与新朋友交往可以阻止你的个人成长。open / closing/ stop/ open up是关键词，另外however,表示转折。37. f根据下文：接受这个，继续前进。给自己一些时间，让自己有出汗的手掌或颤抖的声音，因为它会随着练习而变得更好。根据句意可知此处的this应该指空格的内容，f. understand that there is usually some fear with opening up to other people.38. c根据下文：然而，在多数情况下，人们很高兴你听到他们并对他们感兴趣。可知问别人私人问题并不总是合适的。故选c。39. a根据上文：试着模仿一个非常开放的人。在社交场合观察他们。然后，试着表现，偶尔好像你就是他们。许多开放的行为是有学问的，而不是人格的自然组成部分。可知：要是这样的话，熟能生巧。故选a。40. b根据下文：每周至少安排一次长时间的谈话。可知：经常给亲密的朋友和家人打电话。故选b。第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c 和 d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 a lot happened to me while i lived on thirteenth street. i _41_ school at miss marie purkins school for little folks kindergarten which i loved until i broke my leg one day _42_rope. and it wasnt _43_ a moving rope. one of the rope ends in the playground was tied to a tree, the other end to a swing set. the kids would _44_ on one side and take turns running and jumping over it. all the other kids _45_ the rope.but i had no _46_ . i was a little short and fat anyway, and i was so slow that i was once the only kid at an easter egg hunt who didnt get a _47_egg, not because i couldnt find them but because i couldnt get to them _48_enough. on the day i tried to jump rope but i was wearing cowboy boots to school. like a fool i didnt _49_ the boots to jump. my heel _50_ on the rope, so i turned, fell and hurt my leg. i lay in _51_ on the ground for several minutes while daddy _52_ over from his company to get me. i had broken my leg above the knee, and _53_i was growing so fast, the doctor was _54_ to put me in a cast up to my hip. _55_ , he made a hole through my ankle, pushed a stainless steel bar through it. and then he _56_it to a stainless steel horseshoe, and _57_ my leg up in the air over my hospital bed. for two months, i had been lying on my _58_ feeling both foolish, waiting to return to my _59_ . i missed my playmates so much.after i got out of the hospital, my folks bought me a bicycle, _60_i never lost my fear of riding without the training wheels. no wonder people say, once bitten, twice shy.41. a. valued b. left c. started d. ended42. a. jumping b. stepping c. holding d. waving43. a. still b. already c. even d. also44. a. hold on b. check in c. try out d. line up45. a. covered b. cleared c. found d. picked46. a. strength b. score c. sign d. luck47. a. single b. large c. ripe d. round48. a. slowly b. far c. fast d. eagerly49. a. take off b. put on c. throw