高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors分层演练直击高考 新人教版选修8.doc

unit 5 meeting your ancestors (时间：100分钟；分数：120分)阅读提速练 阅读理解a(2018昆明高三复习适应性检测)bike share toronto is the citys official bike share program，designed to give locals and visitors a fun, affordable and convenient alternative to walking, taxis, buses and the subway. there are 200 bike share toronto stations and 2，000 bikes across the city, making bike share the most accessible way to get around and explore.how it worksbecome an annual member or buy a day pass to access the system.find an available bike nearby，and get a ride code or use your member key to unlock it.take as many short rides as you want while your pass or membership is active.return your bike to any station，and wait for the green light on the dock(停靠点) to make sure its locked.choose a planfor visitorsday pass：$7. unlimited 30minute rides in a 24hour period.3day pass：$15. unlimited 30minute rides in a 72hour period.for localsmonthly pass：$25. unlimited 30minute rides for a month.annual membership：$90. unlimited 30minute rides for a whole year. the annual membership is the best deal for locals of toronto and other frequent riders.the first 30 minutes of each ride is included with the membership or pass price. avoid extra fees by dropping off your bike every 30 minutes at any other station. if you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time，you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over，$4 for the next 30 minutes，and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.contact us customer service：(855)8982378repair service：(855)8982388corporation partners：(855)8982398employment opportunities：(855)8982498【解题导语】本篇文章是一篇说明文，介绍了加拿大城市多伦多实行共享单车的一些情况：单车怎么运行、怎么收费和联系方式。1how much will the extra fee be if you travel for two hours by bike?a$5.50.b$9.50.c$12.50. d$15.50.c解析：细节理解题。根据choose a plan部分中的“if you keep a bike out for longer than 30 minutes at a time，you will be charged an extra $1.50 for the first 30 minutes over，$4 for the next 30 minutes，and $7 for each additional 30 minutes after that.”可以列出算式1.504712.50(美元)。2for more information about working at bike share toronto，contact it at _ a(855)8982378 b(855)8982388c(855)8982398 d(855)8982498d解析：细节理解题。根据文章最后一部分提供的四个电话联系方式：customer service(顾客服务电话)，repair service(修车服务电话)，corporation partners(公司合作服务电话)，employment opportunities(就业服务电话)可知，与题干的关键词working对应的只有employment opportunities，故选d项。3which of the following statement is true?aa member can get a code or a key to the bike.bbike share toronto is a nonprofit organization.cshared bikes have taken the place of other vehicles.dthe green light on the dock shows the bike is unlocked.a解析：推理判断题。根据how it works部分中的“find an available bike. unlock it.”可知，a选项是正确的。b(2018合肥高三调研性检测)in our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted. we only treasure things when they are gone. this is a sad truth of human nature. one day, i found myself as a witness to a similar situation.one evening, i left work and boarded the train. after entering, i noticed something unusual. the center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing. i didnt pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats. i sensed a funny smell. it wasnt long before i noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me. he was bleeding from his nose. why wasnt anyone helping him?his clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell. along with the smell, his eyes were dull, watery, and red. occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime. as the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him. all the seats around him were empty.suddenly, he began to swear at the people around him. a plainclothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man. the officer, not wanting to touch the homeless man, told him his rights and directed him to exit the train. as the officer walked the man out of the train, the homeless man turned around and said “my home！” and started crying.a man doesnt value things until they are gone. if he didnt have a home, at least he had freedom. now he has neither. no one wants to help someone who wont help himself.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。乘坐火车时，“我”发现了一个流浪汉，他衣衫褴褛，身上散发异味，乘客们避而远之。突然，他开始咒骂他周围的乘客。后来流浪汉被便衣警察带走，他不仅没有家，这一次还失去了自由。4when entering the car, how did the author feel at first?aannoyedbpuzzled.csad. dcalm.b解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；据此可以判断，“我”感到很困惑，故b项正确。5how did people react to the homeless man?athey caught him and called the police.bthey covered him with clean clothes.cthey disliked and avoided him.dthey stared at him curiously.c解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，车厢中部有一些空座位，而两头却挤满了站着的人；根据第三段第三句可知，流浪汉偶尔抓挠自己，人们看着他，好像他曾经犯罪了一样；据此可以判断，人们不喜欢他，避免和他接触，故c项正确。6it can be learned that the policeman_ awas very rude to the manbsent the man back to his hometowncforced the man to leave the citydwent off the train with the mand解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“as the officer walked the man out of the train” 可知，警官最后带着这个流浪汉走下了火车，故d项正确。7what does the author think of the homeless man?ahe is a loser of life.bhe is worth our respect.che is very funny.dhe is a fearless fighter.a解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、第三句可知，如果他没有家，至少他还有自由，如今他两个都没有了。据此可以判断，他是一个生活的失败者，故a项正确。c(2018云南高三年级11校跨区调研考试)spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in common with guitar strings. the long, thin strings on a guitar can vibrate(振动). they move back and forth, or from side to side. so do webs made by spiders. the lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations. this movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes. the animals build webs with their own soft, naturallymade silk. and much like playing the strings of a guitar, a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率). spiders catch their food, usually insects in their webs. they make small movements, which spread across their webs. the vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the webmaybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner. they are also important in courtship(求爱), so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females can use to determine not only that theyre a male, but theyre the right species, and whether they might want to mate with them as well.spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs. by controlling the tightness of the material, they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web.spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their selfmade materials and creations. scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose.【解题导语】本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道蜘蛛网上落下了什么东西并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。8how does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web?athrough its sense of sight.bthrough vibrations of its web.cthrough different frequencies.dthrough a musical pattern.b解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“the vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了。故选b项。9what does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 2 probably refer to?ainsects. bstrings.cspiders. dvibrations.a解析：代词指代题。根据第二段的“spiders catch their food. across their webs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动。所以they指代的是昆虫。10which of the following statements is true?asilk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do.bfemale spiders make special sounds to attract a partner.chunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose.dthe tightness of silk cant be adjusted once its made.c解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的“by controlling the tightness of the material, they can effectively control how information is getting to them”可知，蛛网的紧密度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选c项。11the text mainly tells readers _ aguitars and spider webs are similarbspider webs have various functionscspiders are skillful in hunting insectsdvibrations are vital in a spiders lifed解析：主旨大意题。根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是第二段中的最后一句可知，d项正确。d(2018江西赣中南五校联考)before i studied psychology，i used to think that people would laugh when funny things occurred.while i was right about that，i discovered there are lots of other psychological factors that make people laugh other than the funny part of a joke.when someone laughs at a joke，there will usually be more than one reason that makes him laughand the more reasons there are，the more powerful the joke will be.i was attending a standup comedy show in egypt，and when the man started to make fun of pedestrians crossing streets，everyone laughed their heads off.the main reason why those people strongly laughed was that almost all of them felt angry towards pedestrians who crossed streets carelessly.the joke wasnt only funny，but it also made the audience feel that they were right about being angry at those pedestrians. that is, people were laughing both because of the funny joke and because of the happiness experienced as a result of the psychological support they got.the better a joke makes a person feel，and the more it includes other psychological factors，the more the person will like it.for example，if you envy one of your friends，and someone tells a joke that is funny and，at the same time，makes your friend seem stupid，then you will probably laugh at it louder than if you werent jealous of him.in short，we dont laugh only when we hear something funny; we also laugh when we experience some kind of happiness that results from the other psychological factors involved in the joke.i strongly discourage you from making fun of anyone or belittling someone to make someone else laugh.all i want to explain is that if your joke supports a persons emotions，he will certainly like it a lot.【解题导语】本文主要分析了人们笑的原因。12what did the author find out after studying psychology?aonly good jokes make people laugh.bmany factors lead to peoples laughing.cfunny things can make people laugh.dlaughter can make people healthy.b解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，作者在学了心理学之后发现，笑不仅仅是因为事情好笑，还有很多其他的心理因素的促成和影响，故选b。13why did the audience laugh loud at the pedestrians?athey played a trick on the pedestrians.bthe pedestrians behaved in a funny way.cthey could feel the pedestrians happiness.dtheir emotion was approved of by the show.d解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可推知，人们对行人的行为大笑的原因是他们在心理上产生了共鸣，故选d。14what does the underlined word“belittling”probably mean?aannoy. bblame.clook down on. dmake up to.c解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可推知，动词belittle 和短语make fun of是近义词，结合选项可知，应选c。annoy“使恼怒”；blame“责怪”；look down on“蔑视，瞧不起”；make up to “接近，奉承，补足”。15which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?b解析：推理判断题。结合全文可知，第一段导入话题；第二、三段通过具体事例进行分析；根据文章最后一段的开头“in short”可知，最后一段属于总结。由此可知，本文属于总分总的结构，符合本文结构的图表是b选项。 七选五(2018广东七校联考)it is necessary to be reasonable and flexible enough to avoid conflicts as much as possible and live in peace with others. 1._ if you have done all your best to avoid conflicts and you are still arguing, then read these effective tips on how to avoid conflicts.dont get in the center of the conflict.sometimes people can get in the center of conflicts due to their enthusiasm for offering help. frankly speaking, it is very unwise, because it can make you the main figure of the conflict. 2._ you should focus on your own life issues.be kind.3_ life is full of conflicts and disagreements, and thats why you should find more conservative ways of dealing with them. for example, kindness can lessen the conflict. try to be a peacekeeper. peacekeepers tend to cooperate with people without bad emotions which usually lead to arguments and even conflicts. “4._ ”this saying is the life motto of a naturalborn peacekeeper. dont worry if you are not a naturalborn peacekeeper; you can gain this skill during life.walk off.when the conflict is gathering pace and you cant manage to control yourself, you should choose to handle the situation in another way. by all means, try to keep yourself away from stress. 5._ you should get away from the situation for a while. athe greatest victory is a battle not fought.bconflicts are unavoidable, so try to accept them.cweak people usually desire others to offer help and support.dlet other people solve their problems without your presence.eit is helpful to put some distance between yourself and the opponent.fwhen someone pushes you to the limit, try to act kindly towards this person.garguing can either break your friendship or affect your relationship to some degree.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种有效避免冲突的建议。1g解析：根据空前一句可知，尽量避免冲突是十分有必要的；据此可以判断，空处承上启下，介绍冲突的严重危害，引出文章主题，故g项正确。2d解析：根据空后一句可知，作者建议把注意力集中在自己的事情上；据此可以判断，空处建议“让其他人自己解决他们自己的问题”，故d项符合文意。 3f解析：根据该段标题“be kind.”可知，该段主要阐述“和善待人”的建议，这与f项中的“try to act kindly towards this person”照应，故f项符合文意。4a解析：根据空后一句可以判断，空处是调解人的一句格言。a项意为“最伟大的胜利是一场没有战斗的斗争”，符合文意，故a项正确。5e解析：根据空前一句可知，这里作者建议要远离冲突，离开对手；据此可知e项符合文意。语言知识与写作规范练 完形填空(2018沈阳高三下学期模拟)it was an unforgettable weekend.i had a great time at the 1 however，after i reached home, i noticed my owl necklace was 2 i was so anxious that i 3 every room in the house，but my efforts were 4 vain.then i decided to head back to the beach.my husband thought i was 5 ，as the huge beach was nine miles from our home.how could i 6 one tiny necklace？what if it came off in the ocean？i was 7 to even consider that as a possibility.i knew i had to try.after searching for several hours at the beach，i 8 an elderly man with a metal detector(探测器) in his hand.i 9 up to him and asked whether he had come across a necklace.he opened his hand and showed me his 10 some coins.he said if he saw my necklace he would 11 return it to me.i also wanted him to have enough 12 to mail it so i gave him a $5 bill and told him my name and my address.then i left.my husband 13 me and said that he would buy me a new one.but i turned down his nice 14 ，as that necklace couldnt be 15 it was my dad who had found a special way to give me that 16 necklace.there had been a yard sale in my community.among the things that were put on 17 he found the necklace.unable to 18 it，my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner as a(n) 19 unexpectedly，three days later，i received a package.inside were a $5 bill and my owl necklace.the moment i saw the necklace，i couldnt help 20 【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在沙滩上把自己的项链丢失了，后又回到沙滩上找，没有找到，最后项链被一个老人找到并寄给作者的故事。1a.campus bbeachclibrary dmuseumb解析：根据下文的“then i decided to head back to the beach.”可知，这里应该指的是在沙滩上。2a.broken bstolenclost ddisappearingc解析：根据下文作者后来又去沙滩上找项链可知，此处应指项链丢失了。lost“丢失的”，符合语境。3a.searched bcleanedcoccupied dmeasureda解析：根据上下文可知，项链丢失了，此处应该是在家里找。search表示“寻找”，符合语境。clean“弄干净”；occupy“占据”；measure“测量”。4a.for bwithcin datc解析：根据下文的“then i decided to head back to the beach.”可知，在家里没有找到。in vain表示“徒劳；白费功夫”，符合语境。5a.curious banxiousccareless dcrazyd解析：根据下文的“as the huge beach was nine miles from our home”可知，沙滩很大并且离家那么远。故在作者决定去沙滩寻找项链时，丈夫认为作者发疯了(crazy)。curious“好奇的”；anxious“焦虑的；不安的”；careless“粗心的”。6a.find out blocatecdescribe dobserveb解析：此处表示在一个沙滩上找一个微小的东西。locate表示“确定的位置；定位”，符合语境，故选b项。find out“查明”，一般宾语是抽象的东西；describe“描述”；observe“观察”。7a.unable beagercprepared dunwillingd解析：前一句说项链有可能掉进了海里，这样的话，项链就不能找到了。作者显然是不愿意这种情况发生的，所以选d项。8a.rescued bnoticedcadmired dhiredb解析：作者寻找了几个小时后，不经意间看到(noticed)一个手里拿着金属探测器的老人。rescue“拯救”；admire“羡慕”；hire“雇用”。9a.raced bwalkedccrawled dapproacheda解析：根据上下文可知，作者急切地想找到项链，所以跑向了老人。race“快速移动”；walk“走”；crawl“爬”；approach“接近”。10a.achievement bequipmentccharge dprioritya解析：根据上文提到的老人手里拿着金属探测器可知，他在沙滩上寻找东西；再根据作者问他是否看到一条项链时，他摊开手，手上只有几个硬币，且根据破折号可知， 这里应该用achievement“成就”。equipment“设备”；charge“费用”；priority“优先(权)”。11a.randomly bgratefullycgladly dsincerelyc解析：根据下文老人把找到的项链还给作者可以推知，老人此时说的应该是如果看见项链他会乐意(gladly)把它归还给作者。randomly“随机地”；gratefully“感激地”；sincerely“真诚地”。12a.time bpostagecreason dabilityb解析：根据空后的“to mail it so i gave him a $ 5 bill and told him my name and my address”可知，作者给他邮资(postage)让他邮寄项链。13a.promised bremindedcblamed dcomfortedd解析：根据上下文可知，找不到项链的作者非常着急，丈夫要给作者买一条新的，这应该是安慰作者的话，故选d。comfort“安慰”，符合语境。promise“承诺”；remind“提醒”；blame“责备”。14a.gesture binvitationcassistance dcommenta解析：本段第一句是丈夫安慰作者的话，只是丈夫展现的一个姿态(gesture)，nice gesture表示“友好的表示”。gesture“(表明感悟或意图的)姿态；表示”；invitation“邀请”；assistance“帮助，援助”；comment“评论”。15a.compared bdecoratedcreplaced drecognizedc解析：根据上文的“but i turned down his nice_ ”和下文的“it was my dad who had found a special way to give me that_ necklace.”可知，这条项链是其他项链无法替代的。compare“比较”；decorate“装饰”；recognize“认出”。16a.similar bpreciousctemporary dexpensiveb解析：根据上下文可知，那条项链很珍贵(precious)。similar“相似的”；temporary“暂时的”；expensive“昂贵的”。17a.schedule boccasioncapproval ddisplayd解析：根据“there had been a yard sale in my community.among the things that were put on_ he found the necklace.”可知，当时社区在进行庭院旧货出售，既然父亲发现那条项链，说明当时那条项链在展出(on display)。on schedule“按计划时间”；on occasion“间或”；on approval“供试用的，包退换的。”18a.afford bdevotecpreserve drepaira解析：根据下文的“my dad offered to build a bookshelf for the owner”可知，当时父亲买不起那条项链，afford“承担得起的费用”，符合语境。devote“献身”；preserve“保持”；repair“修理”。19a.advantage bdecisioncexchange drewardc解析：既然买不起，父亲提出给项链的主人做一个书架以换取那条项链。advantage“优势”；decision“决定”；reward“奖赏”。20a.laughing bscreaming