贵州省江口县高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编（三）.doc

贵州江口县中学2017高考英语一轮阅读理解选编（三）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。(women and fashions)whenever you see an old film, even one made as little as ten years ago, you cannot help being struck by the appearance of the women taking part. their hair-styles and make-up look dated; their skirts look either too long or too short; their general appearance is, in fact, slightly ludicrous. the men taking part in the film, on the other hand, are clearly recognizable. there is nothing about their appearance to suggest that they belong to an entirely different age.this illusion is created by changing fashions. over the year, the great majority of men have successfully resisted all attempts to make them change their style of dress. the same cannot be said for women. each year a few so- called top designers in paris or london lay down the law and women the whole world over rush to obey. the decrees of the designers are unpredictable and dictatorial. this year, they decide in their arbitrary fashion, skirts will be short and waists will be high; zips are in and buttons are out. next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised.if women are mercilessly exploited year after year, they have only themselves to blame. because they shudder at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are annually black-mailed by the designers and the big stores. clothes, which have been worn, only a few times have to be discarded because of the dictates of fashion. when you come to think of it, only a women is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.changing fashions are nothing more than the deliberate creation of waste. many women squander vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. women, who cannot afford to discard clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. hem-limes are taken up or let down; waist-lines are taken in or let out; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.no one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability. they are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, providing they look right. there can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shivering in a flimsy dress on a wintry day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in dainty shoes.when comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of fickleness and instability? men are too sensible to let themselves be bullied by fashion designers. do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? that is for you to decide.1. the main idea of this passage is a. new fashions in clothes reflect the qualities of women. new fashions in clothing are created solely for commercial exploitation of women.c. the top designers seem to have the right to creating new fashion.d. men have the basic quality of reliability.2. why do the general appearance of actresses look ludicrous?a. because they want their appearance in the fashion. because the top designers want them to follow the fashion.c. because the top designers want them to make fashion.d. because the top designers want them to lead the fashion.3. why are women mercilessly exploited by the fashion designers?a. they love new fashion. . they love new clothes.c. they want to look beautiful. d. they are too vain.4. what are fashion designers interested in?a. outward appearance. . comfort.c. beauty. d. durability.vocabulary1. dated 过时的2. decree 法令，命令3. dictatorial 专制的，惟我独尊的4. arbitrary 任意的，专横的5. take exception (at) 生气，发怒6. take exception to (against) 对提出异议7. dictates (pl) 意旨，命令，指令8. squander 浪费9. hem 褶边，折缝，镶边10. flimsy 薄的，没有价值的11. dainty 雅致的，讲究的12. fickle 易变的，轻浮的13. bully 欺负14. lay down the law （制定法律）这里指服装设计师发号施令或定出条条框框难句译注1. lay down the law 制定法律。这里指：发号施令或定出条条框框。2. next year the law is reversed and far from taking exception, no one is even mildly surprised. 参考译文 第二年，条例又反过来，人们远没有生气，甚至连稍稍的惊讶都没有。写作方法和文章大意文章论述“妇女时装更新”问题，采用因果，对比手法。先从男女演员服装的差异，谈到服装设计师年年变更样式，风格。妇女不顾一切的追随，甘愿被剥削的根源。而男人却能淡然处之。答案祥解1. b. 创制新时装就是对妇女的商业性剥削。答案遍及全文。也有几段突出描述。如：第二段第四句“每年，巴黎，伦敦的一些所谓高级设计师定出条条框框，全世界妇女竞相服从。设计师的条令难以预测，说一不二。”第三段“要说妇女年年被无情的剥削之事，只能怪她们自己。由于她们一想起在公共场所穿着过失的衣服就会发抖，所以他们每年都被设计师和大商店讹诈（勒索）”第四段：“许多妇女（每年）浪费大笔钱财来置换她们从未穿过的服装，时装变化就是故意创造浪费。”a. 时装反映妇女的秉性。这是在最后一段结论中提及，不是中心思想。 d. 男人具有可靠性的基本素质。不对。 c. 高级设计师似乎有权创造新款式。这是作者在批评设计者。2. d. 因为高级设计师请她们领导时装潮流。只是常识，设计师新颖服装的推出，首先是让演员试装等于时装模特的效用，掀起可以领导时装的新潮流。a. 他们要打扮入时，这只是演员的一方面。 b. 随大流。 c. 作作样子。 都是不对的。3. d. 他们太好虚荣。 这在文章的好几段内都提到。如第一题中的第二段，三段，四段的参考译文。如第三段后半部分“只穿了几次的衣服就因为时尚的命令而弃之一边。当你想到只有妇女能站在堆满衣服的衣柜前，悲哀的诉说她没有衣服穿。”第四段的后半段“花不起大笔钱财买衣服的妇女会花上好几个小时把他们已有的衣服换来换去”。第五段后半部分“男人一生中经常可以看到大冬天妇女颤抖在薄薄的衣衫中，或者穿着精致的鞋在雪地上选路走，这都令他们发笑”。最后一段结论，画龙点睛的以问点明“经常不断的换时装。人们不禁要问，这是不是反映了妇女轻浮和易变的基本素质（秉性）？”a. 她们爱新时尚； b. 她们爱新衣服； c. 她们想瞧着美。这三项只是虚荣的部分组成。4. a. 外观。答案在第五段“没有人认为时装工业为社会作过真正的贡献。时装设计师很少关心保暖，舒服和耐穿这类紧要的事，他们只是对外观感性趣，他们利用了妇女的心理：只要看着美，她们能忍受一切（痛苦）不舒服。”b. 舒适。 c. 美，时装不一定美。 d. 耐穿。（2016高考阅读理解）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。we offer several distinct options for you to choose the ticket that suits you best.ticket typediscountnotesstandard returns20%return within 60 days of outward tripsame day returns25%ticket cannot be altered or refundedchildren40%children between 4 and 11students25%student card must be shownsenior citizens25%senior card must be showngroups (1025 people)15%discount on each section of the tripglobetrotter ticketsaccordingto the ticketsrailpass，tourist card*only one discount may apply to each fare.changes and refundstickets may be refunded not later than 5 minutes before the departure of the train for a charge of 15% of the ticket price，or the journey may be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price.(not applicable to same day returns.)changes for same day travelyou may change your ticket once without charge for a journey on the same day as the original ticket.information of interest to travellerswhen you buy your ticket it is up to you to check that the dates and times of the journey on it are exactly as you requested.ticket control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before the departure of the train.each traveller may take one suitcase and one item of hand luggage.you may also check in 15kgs of luggage not later than 30 minutes before departure，at no extra charge.if you would like to charter a train，or make reservations for over 25 passengers travelling together，call the sales department.our timetable is guaranteedif the arrival of your train at your destination is delayed by more than 5 minutes according to the timetable，we will refund the full price of your ticket if the delay is caused by our company.1if an elderly person with a valid card buys a standardreturn ticket，he/she will receive at most a discount of .a20% b25%c45% d50%2which of the following statements is true?asame day returns can be changed to another day for a charge of 10% of the ticket price.byou can get your ticket price refunded if you are 2 minutes late for the train.ctravelers should ensure they are ready to board the train with at least 2 minutes to spare.dextra money will be paid on checked luggage of 15 kgs an hour before departure.3this passage is mainly written to .aprovide some information about train travelbdescribe the policies of changes and refundscintroduce the luggage allowance on the traindcompare the discounts of different ticket types1b推理判断题。根据票价折扣表，老年人持有效证件可以打25%的折扣，标准往返票可以打20%的折扣；又根据表格下面星号后一句“only one discount may apply to each fare.”可知，折扣不能叠加，因此至多能得到25%的折扣。故选b项。2c推理判断题。根据小标题information of interest to travellers下面的第二点“ticket control and access to each train platform will be open until 2 minutes before the departure of the train.”可推断，乘客应该提前至少2分钟上车。故选c项。3a主旨大意题。本文是应用文，为乘客提供乘坐火车的一些基本信息。故选a项。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】a an 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. suddenly a crow（乌鸦）perched on the tree near their window. the father asked his son, “what is this? ” the son replied, “it is a crow.” after a few minutes, the father asked his son the 2nd time, “what is this?” the son said, “father, i have just now told you its a crow. ”after a little while, the old father again asked his son the 3rd time, “what is this? ” “its a crow, a crow, a crow.” said the son loudly. a little after, the father again asked his son the 4th time, “what is this?” this time the son shouted at his father, “why do you keep asking me the same question again and again? it is a crow. are you not able to understand this?” a little later the father went to his room and came back with an old diary, which he had kept since his son was born. on opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. when the son read it, the following words were written in the diary: “today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow was sitting on the window. my son asked me 23 times what it was, and i replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. i hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question again and again for 23 times. i did not at all feel annoyed; i rather felt affection for my innocent child. ”21. in what tone did the son say to his father “its a crow, a crow, a crow. ”? a. impatientb. excited c. hurried d. surprised22. why did the father ask the same question again and again? a. because he wanted to make his son angry. b. because he was too old to remember anything. c. because he couldnt understand what his son said. d. because he wanted to see how patient his son would be.23. how old was the old man when his son asked him 23 times “what is this”? a. 35 years old. b. 38 years old. c. 45 years old.d. 80 years old.24. what is the most suitable title for the passage? a. a crow.b. fathers love. c. an old dairy. d. an old man. 【参考答案】adbb 【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】 b chinas first moon rover，yutu，or jade rabbit，separated from the lander early on sunday，december l5，2013，several hours after the change-3 probe (探测器) soft-landed on the lunar surfacethe l 40 kg six-wheeled rover touched the lunar surface at 4：35 am，leaving deep trace on the loose lunar soil. the process was recorded by the camera on the lander and the images were sent to the earth，according to the beijing aerospace control centerafter the separation，the rover and lander will take photos of each other and start their own scientific explorationsengineers made final checks of the environment of the landing site，the situation of the probe and sent signals of separation to change-3 yutu, on the top of the probe，extended its solar panel and started to drive slowly to the transfer mechanism (机械装置) at 3：10the transfer mechanism unlocked at 4：06 with one side reaching the moons surface，allowing the rover to descend to the surface following a ladder mechanismchange-3 landed on the moons sinus iridum，or the bay of rainbows，at 9：11 pmsaturday，making china the third country in the world to carry out such a rover mission after the united states and former soviet unionin ancient chinese mythology，yutu was the white pet rabbit of the lunar goddess changethe name for the rover was selected following an online poll that collected several million votes from p