写作题型篇.docx

01 命题趋势 考标导向化综合分析近三年广西各地市中考的书面表达可知，其常见的体裁有：记叙文、说明文和应用文(包括书信、日记、倡议书、发言稿)等。其主要涉及的话题离不开学生的学习和生活，如：感恩、回顾自己初中三年来的变化、从自身做起的创卫环保、“中国梦，我的梦”为主题的如何成为好少年等；题材与生活实际紧密联系，并关注社会焦点、热点问题，体现人文关怀；注重情境设计，书面表达中所设计的情景密切联系现实生活，写作题材源于生活，使学生有话可说，有利于学生写出真情实感，也有利于学生主动性、创造性的发挥；内容要点清楚，表达形式多样，为学生提供更自由的发挥空间。分值一般会控制在10-15分，比较稳定。2012-2014年广西各地中考试题分析表地区 体裁年份南宁柳州 玉林贵港桂林百色梧州贺州钦州来宾河池2014应用文（书信）应用文（电子邮件）记叙文议论文记叙文应用文（请假条）说明文议论文记叙文议论文记叙文2013说明文记叙文说明文议论文记叙文应用文记叙文记叙文记叙文议论文议论文2012说明文议论文应用文记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文应用文记叙文02 题型解读 题型归类化类型记叙文【解题策略】中考最常见的文体是记叙文。记叙文里面最常用的时态是过去时，因为记叙文通常要求描写过去发生的事情。记叙文还有一种要用一般现在时来写作的，这种文章通常是关于目前的社会状况、生活、兴趣爱好和学习状况等的描述。当谈论自己的计划或打算时，记叙文也会使用将来时。英语的记叙文一般是以第一(叙述者亲眼所见、亲耳所闻的经历)或第三人称(通过作者与读者之外的第三者把故事的情节展现在读者面前)的角度来描写。写好记叙文要注意以下三点：1.头绪分明，脉络清楚。弄清事件发生、发展直到结束的整个过程，紧紧围绕五个“W”即what，who，when， where，why和一个“H”即how进行构思。2.突出中心，详略得当。细述能表现文章主题的重要情节，粗述次要情节。3.用活语言，准确生动。 记叙文写作常用模板The story happened in/on时间 in/on/at 地点.On my way to school/the cinema,I 记叙事件.Without thinking,I事件经过When I reached school/the cinema,the classes/film have/has finished.But I抒发自己的感想.From the story/experience I 收获或明白了什么道理.记叙文写作经典句型：Once upon a time/Long long agoIt was in/on that the story happened.Its not surprising thatTo ones surprise,What made sb sad/angry/upset is thatI learnt that【题组训练】A(2014玉林)我们的生活中处处充满着爱，有父母的爱，有老师的爱，有同学的爱，有朋友的爱请以“Love Around Me(我身边的爱)”为题，写一篇短文，内容要点如下：爱你的人爱的体现父母为你做早餐；送你上学老师传授知识；照顾你同学一起学习；和睦相处朋友在网上交流；分享快乐与烦恼参考词汇：1.receive love 2.cook3.teach knowledge 4.get onwith5.chat online; share(分享) 6.thank要求:1.题目及开头已给出，不计入总词数内。2.包括所有内容要点，不要逐句翻译，可以适当发挥。(参考词汇仅供参考)3.语句通顺，语法正确，80个词左右。4.文中不得出现考生真实的姓名、地点和所在学校的名称。Love Around MeThere is lots of love around me in my everyday life. Every day I can receive love from my parents,my teachers,my classmates and my friends.In the morning,my lovely mother cooks delicious food for me.Then my father drives me to school.At school all the teachers not only look after me well but also teach me lots of useful knowledge.My dear classmates and I study together happily,getting on well with each other.I chat online with friends in my spare time.They often share my pleasure and trouble.I often feel happy and excited when I get love from them.I make a decision to study hard and make great progress.Here,I should say to them,“Thank you for all your love.”B(2014钦州)有一种爱，最温暖、最绵长，它滋润着你的心灵，这种爱，就是母爱。在刚刚过去的母亲节里，你是如何表达对母亲的感恩之情？请你以“A Special Mothers Day”为题，用英语写一篇短文与大家分享。内容要点：1.清早起床，为妈妈做了一顿美味的早餐；2.早餐后，和妈妈一起去看望外婆；3.下午去超市购物，为妈妈挑选了一件礼物；4.晚上与妈妈共进晚餐，把礼物送给了妈妈；5.发表一下你的感想。要求：1.词数80-100,开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.短文须包括所提供的内容要点，不要逐条翻译，可根据行文需要适当发挥；3.条理清楚，语意连贯，书写规范，卷面整洁；4.文中不得出现真实姓名、地名和学校名称。参考词汇：early; cook; delicious; see; supermarket; choose(过去式:chose); gift; sendA Special Mothers DayI had a special Mothers Day last month.On that day,I got up very early and cooked a delicious meal for my mother in the morning.After breakfast,I went to see my grandmother with my mother.In the afternoon,I did some shopping in the supermarket.I bought some flowers as a gift for my mother with my pocket money.In the evening,I enjoyed dinner with my mother.After dinner,I sent the beautiful flowers to my mother and said to her,“Happy Mothers Day!I love you,Mum.”My mother was very happy.I could see a beautiful smile on my mothers face.Im very glad that I can do something for my mother.C(2014桂林)你的美国朋友Tom非常喜欢中国文化。去年暑假你和他一起从桂林出发去北京旅游了几天，你们参观了一些著名景点，还品尝了一些有名的小吃请把你们的旅游经历写成一篇短文。要求：1.文章字数在80-100词之间，要点齐全，可以适当发挥；2.文章中不得出现真实的姓名、学校等信息。the Palace Museum,Tiananmen Squaresee Beijing Operathe Great Wallvisit,take photosLao She Teahouseback to GuilinBeijing roast duckA Trip to BeijingMy American friend Tom and I went to Beijing by plane last summer.On the first day,we visited the Palace Museum and Tiananmen Square.The next day,we climbed the Great Wall.We took lots of photos.It was a fantastic experience,but we felt tired.The third day we relaxed.Then we had the Beijing roast duck for lunch.I think it is the most delicious food in the world!Tom is interested in Chinese culture,so we drank tea and saw Beijing Opera in Lao She Teahouse in the evening.Finally,we did some shopping and flew back to Guilin.The trip to Beijing was short,but it was wonderful.Tom said that he would never forget it.D(2014贵港三模)假如你是某中学的学生，上周你校举办了“英语周”。请你根据下面表格提示，用英语写一篇短文介绍英语周的活动情况，并谈谈你的感受。活动时间5月5日至5月9日参加人员全体学生；英语教师活动内容唱英文歌曲；举行英语演讲比赛；看英文电影；活动效果要求：1.用上所给要点，可以适当发挥；2.词数：80个词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数；3.文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地址等相关信息；4.提示词：能力ability。Last week our school held an English week.It started on May 5th and ended on May 9th.All the students and our English teachers took part in it.During the week,we sang English songs,joined in English speaking contests,and watched English films.We told stories in English.We became more interested in English and our speaking ability has greatly improved.As everyone knows,practice makes perfect.I learned a lot from the activity.I think it is a good way to learn English.I like it very much.类型议论文【解题策略】中考对议论文的要求也是处于要点作文的层次，通常都会给出论点和论据，然后文章最后个人适当地提出一些意见。议论文通常用于表述自己的观点，这些观点的表达通常使用一般现在时。论据若是目前存在的一些情况，也是用一般现在时，但是若需要引用过去发生的事件，则要用相应的过去时态。在写作议论文时要注意以下几点：1.议题的提出要开门见山，不要拖泥带水。2.议论时可以采用不同的方法。如：可以摆出正反两方面观点，进行对比；也可引经据典论证作者自己观点的正确性，从而使读者接受自己的观点；亦可提出一种错误的观点然后论证其错误，最终提出正确的观点。正文部分是写作的重点，论证方法可用归纳法、推理法、比较法等。3.在结论部分必须表明作者的观点，对讨论的问题做出总结。有些同学们在描写完题目给出的观点以及论据以后，往往会忽略题目要求最后还要提出一些自己的看法，而导致文章的要点不完整。4.注意连接词和过渡词等词语的使用，以增强文章的条理性和逻辑性。 议论文写作常用模板a.解决问题型作文模板Recently,作文话题(如保护环境)is becoming more and more important to every one of us.Therefore,we should make our efforts to take some measures to solve this problem.First of all,途径一；Then途径二In short,to solve the problem of作文话题，we should find a number of ways.But in my opinion,I would prefer to solve this problem in this way,that is to say,方法b.不同观点列举型作文模板These days作文话题 has become a hot topic.But different people have different opinions.A lot of people think that观点一.Firstly,原因一.Secondly，原因二So they are for/against 观点一. However,other people have different opinions.They hold the idea that 观点二.In their opinion,for one thing,原因一；for another thing，原因二.Therefore，there is no doubt that观点二.In my opinion,I think观点一或观点二 is right.Because 自己观点.c.利弊型作文模板Nowadays，议论话题is discussed by us.In fact,there are both advantages and disadvantages in 议论话题.Generally speaking,this 议论话题 is accepted by people.In the first place,优点一. In the second place,优点二Just as an old saying goes,“Every coin has two sides”.议论话题 still has some disadvantages.To begin with,缺点一.In addition,缺点二In short,we should try our best to make use of the advantages,and reduce the disadvantages.Then we can make better use of议论话题.【题组训练】A(2014贺州)当前我国政府倡导节约，抵制浪费。作为中学生我们应如何做到节粮、节水、节电呢？请根据以下要求和提示写一篇题为“How to Save”的短文。提示：1.节约用水、用电、用纸；2.去超市自备购物袋；3.不要浪费食物，乱倒剩饭剩菜；4.步行或骑自行车上学。提示词：tap(水龙头)，uneaten food(剩余饭菜)，electricity(电)要求：1.80词左右；2.文中不要出现作者本人的真实校名和姓名；3.请不要逐句翻译，可适当发挥。How To SaveOur government is aiming to build an “economized society”(节约型社会).It is our duty to work hard to achieve this goa1.As students, we should do something to help.First, wed better save more water，paper and electricity. For example, turn off the lights when we leave the classroom, and remember to turn off the tap after washing our hands. Next, we should take our own bags in shopping instead of using plastic bags from supermarkets. Then dont waste food. Wed better eat up all the food when we have meals. And dont throw uneaten food everywhere. Finally, wed better go to school on foot or ride a bike instead of taking a car.In a word, I think one thing we should keep in mind is that no matter what a small effort we make, it does make a difference.B(2014来宾一模)良好的生活习惯，会使我们拥有健康的体魄。作为青少年，要学会养成良好的生活习惯：1.每天按时起床和睡觉，不熬夜；2.饭前洗手；多吃水果和蔬菜，不吃垃圾食品；3.多参加体育锻炼，尊敬父母和老师；4.不乱扔垃圾和随地吐痰,为人友好；5.不要在马路上玩耍，横过马路注意交通安全。根据以上提示，以“How to Develop Good Living Habits”为题写一篇英语短文。要求：意思连贯、表达准确，词数 80 左右。注意：给出短文的开头，不计入总词数。提示：before meals (饭前)； junk food(垃圾食品)；respect(尊敬)；spit(吐痰)； cross the road (横过马路)； traffic lights(交通灯)。How to Develop Good Living HabitsGood habits can make us keep healthy.As teenagers,what should we do?In my opinion,we should get up and sleep on time every day.Dont stay up.We should wash our hands before meals.We should eat more vegetables and fruits.Dont eat junk food.We should take part in the exercise we like.We should respect our parents and teachers.Dont throw about the rubbish.We shouldnt spit anywhere.We should be kind and friendly to others.We shouldnt play on the road.Remember to obey the traffic rules when crossing the road.If we want to keep healthy and happy,we should develop good living habits.C(2014鄂州)不久前，全国有部分省市出台一项新政策：高考英语将由150分降为100分，此事在国内引起极大争议。有的人认为此举很好，有的人则认为不妥。作为一名中学生，你的看法是什么？请分析其原因。注意：1.词数80词左右；开头已给出，但不计入总词数；2.文中不得出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称及其他相关信息，否则不予评分；3.参考词汇：reform改革；master掌握；advanced先进的。Not long before,a new policy aroused a heated discussion that the mark of English will be reduced from 150 to 100.As a student,in my opinion,it is of the same importance to learn Chinese and English well.We Chinese certainly should learn our mother language well.At the same time,English is an international language and tool.We should master it better to know about the world and learn advanced technology abroad to serve our motherland.Whats more,as China is developing quickly,we have more chances to communicate with foreigners in English.In a word,whether the mark of English will be reduced or not,we students should learn it well.类型 说明文【解题策略】中考另一种比较常见的文体是说明文。说明文的用途在于提供信息，通常用来介绍某些事物的特征、性质等，客观性比较强。说明文最经常使用的时态是一般现在时。写好说明文应该注意以下几点：1.抓住事物的特点即本质特征，从而使读者获得全面、深刻的认识。2.安排说明顺序。说明文常用时间、空间和逻辑顺序。有时说明复杂的事物常常要结合几种说明顺序。3.讲究说明方法。说明文常用的说明方法有下定义、举例子、作比较、分类别、列数字、打比方等，巧妙地运用说明方法能增强说明的生动性、形象性。4.说明语言要准确、简明、通俗、生动。 说明文写作常用模板a.现象说明文Nowadays,there is/are more and more某种现象 in 某种场合.Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.The first one is原因一.Besides，原因二.The third one is 原因三To sum up,the main cause of 某种现象is due to 最主要原因.Some measures should be taken.解决办法一；解决办法二I think these methods willb.图表说明文As is shown in the picture,the figure has risen/decreased to图表数据.The figure tells us that 图表细节 From the picture/data we can also know that进一步描述.Judging from these figures,we can say that结论.The reason for this,as far as I know,is that 给出原因.Its high time that we 发出倡议.说明文写作经典句型：As is shown in the pictureAccording to the surveyFrom the picture, we can seeThis sight reminds me ofWith the development of the new technology, we canis a traditional festival in China.is more and more popular among teenagers.【题组训练】A(2014梧州)人们常说：“没有规矩规矩，不成方圆”，合理的校规对于学生的健康成长至关重要。请你根据以下所给内容要点，以“Our School Rules”为题写一篇英文短文，谈谈你们的校规。内容要点：1.你们学校有哪些校规？2.谈谈你对这些校规的看法。3.请说说你的好建议。4.要求：1.文中必须包括所给提示中1-3项内容，可展开思路，适当发挥；2.文中不能出现真实的校名、人名和其他真实信息;3.不少于80词。Our School RulesThere are many rules at our school.From Monday to Friday,we have to ge to school before 7:00 in the morning.We must wear school uniforms,and I think it is good for us because uniforms can make us look smart.We must listen to our teachers carefully in class and finish a lot of homework after school.We are not allowed to use mobile phones in class.I think the rules are very strict but useful,we should follow them.We have so much homework that we have little free time to do what we love to do.In my opinion,we should have more free time to take part in all kinds of activities and improve different kinds of abilities.B(2014玉林玉州区模拟)假如你们学校正在开展研究性学习 (exploring learning strategies),请你根据下表提供的信息，写一篇短文，让更多的学生了解你校开展研究学习的一些情况。过去现在课堂老师讲解知识点，学生听讲，记笔记，没有足够的时间独立思考问题。老师提出问题，学生相互讨论，并学会与他人合作，从而找出解决问题的方法。课后做大量的作业。丰富多彩的课外活动，如：读自己喜欢的书，去图书馆或上网查资料等。个人感受参考要点：1.keep on explaining the language points2.have enough time to think problems3.show the problems to4.discuss them for a while in pairs or groups5.learn how to work/study with others要求：1.短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数；2.包括所有参考要点，不要逐句翻译；要有一两句个人感受；可以适当发挥；3.语句通顺、语法正确，80个词左右；4.文中不得出现真实的姓名、地点和所在的学校名称。Great changes have taken place in our studies since our school began to carry on exploring learning strategies.In the past.teachers kept on explaining the language points in class.We students just listened and took some notes.So we didnt have enough time to think about problems by ourselves.We had to do much homework after class.But now teachers show the problems to us first,then we discuss them for a while in pairs or groups.We try to find out the ways of solving problems,in this way weve learnt how to work/study with others.After class,we can have different activities.For example,we can read books we like,go to the library or surf the Internet for useful information and so on.In a word,now we are the owners of our study and were happy.C(2014陕西)在日常生活中，你看到身边有哪些不良现象？请列举一些并就某些方面说说你的做法和想法。提示：speak loudly, cut in line(插队),waste food, unfriendly(冷漠的),offer no help要求：1.参考提示语，可适当发挥；2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和地名；4.词数：不少于80词。(开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数)In our daily life,I usually see some bad behaviors around us.For example,I often hear people speak and laugh loudly in public.It is too noisy.Some people cut in line while others are waiting.It makes me unhappy.And in our school dining hall,I often see students waste food.At times,people seem unfriendly and offer no help when others are in trouble.For me,my parents are strict with me.They often tell me to behave well.So I never drop litter about.And I never draw on the desk or on the wall.I am polite to old people.I think if everyone can think more of others,well have a better living environment.类型 应用文【解题策略】应用作文在人们的日常生活、工作和学习中运用最为广泛，因此是近几年中考书面表达高频题型之一。它包括书信(明信片)、电子邮件、日记、便条(请假条、留言条、电话记录、贺卡)、通知、启事(失物启事、招领启事、征聘启事)、发言稿等。写作应用文要把握好以下四点：1.确定格式英语中书信、电话留言、e-mail等都有一定的书写格式习惯；而发言稿、值日报告、演讲稿等也有较为固定的格式，开头语一般用Good morning/afternoon/evening!My dear friends!或者Ladies and gentlemen!接下来是正文，结束语常用Thats all.Thank you!/Thanks for your attention./Thanks for listening.2.确定内容依据内容，列出写作要点，注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容，同时所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。在语言的使用上，要认真把握。如：若是写发言稿的话，因为发言稿是面向听众的，所以最好使用大众化的语言，做到简洁明快、条理清楚、观点明确。3.确定人称应用文往往采用第一人称的形式。4.确定时态应用文在时态的使用方面，多用一般现在时，当然在具体的写作过程中也会涉及其他的时态，要认真把握好。 应用文写作常用模板a.书信或电子邮件Dear,Im very glad to receive your letter and now Id like to tell you something about_Im looking forward to your reply!Best wishes.Yours,b.请假条月、日、年Dear,Im sorry I cant /Im sorry I am unable to/I would like to know if I could _Ill go back as soon asI hope you can agreeYours respectfully,c.演讲稿Ladies and Gentlemen,May I have your attention please? Im very glad to stand here and give you a short speech about/Its my honor to give you a speech about_Thats all. Thanks for your listening!d.通知Dear students,On the afternoon of具体时间， 人物will give us a lecture on 主题(如how to study English well).It will be held in 地点.In addition,人物will attend the lecture too.So we hope you can come here on time.The lecture is mainly about 演讲内容.I hope the lecture will be helpful to you.Everyone is welcome to take an active part in it. Dont forget to tell others.Students Union【题组训练】A(2014南宁)初中毕业之际，校报“英语角”栏目向同学们征集毕业典礼活动计划。假定你是李华，请根据要点写一封信，提出你的建议。写作要点：毕业典礼时间、地点7月1日，学校报告厅三项活动1.校长讲话送祝福2.学生发言谈感恩3.写作要求：1.80词左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)；2.不能出现真实的校名和人名，否则不得分；3.写作要点都必须用上，紧扣主题，适当发挥。参考词汇：毕业典礼graduation ceremony;前进中学Qianjin Middle School;学校报告厅the school hallDear editor,Im very happy to have the chance to show you my plan for the graduation ceremony.The ceremony will be held in our school hall on July 1st.I have planned three activities for it.First of all,we would like to invite our headmaster to make a speech and give us his best wishes for a bright future.After that,one of the students will read a thank-you letter to all the people who have helped us.In the end,some pictures will be shown to share the happy times we have had together.This is what we will do.I hope you will choose my plan.Yours,Li HuaB(2014百色)假如你叫李华，昨天你在学校运动场踢足球时左腿受伤，今天上午感觉疼痛。你父亲带你去看医生，医生检查后说你左腿骨折，不能行走，需要休息一周。请你以2014年6月10日为日期，给班主任郭老师写一张请假条。要求：1.格式完整、正确；2.词数不少于60个，可适当发挥；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和校名。提示词：受伤(hurt)感觉疼痛(feel pain)检查(examination)折(break)请假(ask for leave)June 10,2014Dear Mr.Guo,I am very sorry that I cant go to school today because I hurt my left leg when I was playing football on the playground in our school yesterday.This morning I felt pain,and asked my father to send me to hospital to see a doctor.After examination,the doctor told me that the bone in my left leg was hurt and broken.He asked me not to walk and have a good rest for a week.So I have to ask for one weeks sick lea