英语考研核心词汇语法总结.docx

measure n./v. 测量，衡量 worth n.价值 adj.值得的 prep.值得institution n.机构，学院；制度effect n.结果，作用，影响original adj.起初的，原来的motive n.动机，目的by-product n.副产品，副作用note v.注意，意识directive adj.指导性的factor n.因素，原因conduct n.引导，实施igonre v.忽视，忽略contact n./v.联系，接触act n.行为disposition n.性格chief adj.主要的 power n.能力，精力secure v.得到，确保distinguish v.区分，分别 process n.过程tuition n.教学school v.教育compensate v.补偿 advantage n.优势force v.强迫，迫使intently adv.专注enable v.使.能够，可行 detect v.探测，发现reason v.推理 observation n.观察assert v.肯定的说，断言 power n.能量，能力purely adv.完全，十分 abstract adj.抽象的 n.摘要thought n.想法，观点，思维limited adj.有限的certain adj.确定的，确信的 succeed v.成功mathematics n.数学founded adj.有依据的 charge n.指责，批评critic n.批评家，评论家 while conj.虽然observer n.观察者humbly adv.谦虚，谦卑 perhaps adv.可能superior adj.高级的，比.强 the common run of man 普通人notice v.注意到，察觉到 escape v.逃跑attention n.注意，关注convince v.说服，使.信服 loss n.失去，消失taste n.口味，品味injurious adj.伤害到，伤及intellect n.智力 moral n./adj. 道德character n.品质traditionally adv.传统上 legaladj.法律的，合法的institution n.机构，学院，学校 specialadj.特殊的，专门的preserve v.保存，维持 n.持有物 lawyern.律师necessary adj.必要的，必须的 intellectual adj.知识的，智力的 n.知识分子equipment n.装备，储备 educate v.教育link v.联系 concept n.概念reality n.现实，实际 mannern.方法，态度parallel n.平行线，相似处 adj.相似的，平行的 journalist n.新闻工作者，新闻记者forge v.伪造，锻造，构建 basis n.基础cover v.覆盖，报道comment n.评论idea n.想法，观点 understandv.理解profoundly adv.深刻地ordinary adj.普通的citizen n.市民restv.依赖，休息establish v.建立 conventionn.大会，习俗responsibility n.责任 newsn.新闻media n.媒体，媒介difficult adj.困难的 see v.看见，理解，明白clear adj.清晰的 grasp n./v.抓住，掌握，领会basic adj.基本的，基础的 feature n.特征Canadian n.加拿大人 adj.加拿大（人）的 Constitution n.宪法competent adj.有能力的，能胜任的 political adj.政治的story n.故事，报道while conj.虽然，然而，当.时候 reaction n.反应，反馈enhance v.增加，增强 preferable adj.更好的，更喜欢的rely v.依靠，指望notion n.观念，理念significance n.重要性 own adj.自己的 v.拥有judgement n.判断2006年46)define v.定义 individual n.个人elect v.选择 primary adj.首要的duty n.责任 pleasure n.乐趣activity n.活动，行动 moral adj.道德的47）function n.功能，作用 analogous adj.类似的judge n.法官，裁判 accept v.接受，承担obligation n.责任，义务 reveal v.揭示，展现obvious adj.明显的，显然的 manner n.方法，态度possible adj.可能的 course n.课程，过程，做法reason v.推理 lead v.导致，引导decision n.决定48）exclude v.排除，不包括 accomplishment n.成就，成绩contribute v.捐献，贡献，有助于 solution n.解决charge v.负责 task n.任务approach v.接近，解决 factual adj.事实的，实际的aspect n.（问题的）方面49）code n.码，准则 govern v.统治，支配businessman n.商人 expect v.期待，指望dedicate v.献出，致力于 energy n.精力，能量exploration n.探索，研究 rule n.规则，准则conduct n.行为，（管理）方式50）earn v.赚 salary n.薪水，工资independent adj.独立的 reflection n.反映，思索involve v.涉及，包括2005年46）television n.电视 means n.方法，途径，手段creat v.创造 convey v.表达，传递serve v.服务，起作用 connect v.联系，连接different adj.不同的 people n.人（们），民族nation n.国家 recent adj.近来的event n.事件 Europe n.欧洲47）elsewhere adv.别处，其他地方 multi-media n.多媒体group n.小组，集团，组织 increasingly adv.越来越successful adj.成功的 radio n.广播，无线电newspaper n.报纸 magazine n.杂志publish v.出版 relation n.关系，亲属48）alone adj.单独的 demonstrate v.说明，论证business n.商业，行业 easy adj.简单的，容易的word n.世界，领域 survive v.生存，幸存fact n.事实 underline n.下划线 v.强调statistics n.统计数据 show v.表明，说明network n.网络 loss n.失去，亏损49）identity n.身份，品牌 respect v.尊敬culture n.文化 tradition n.传统fabric n.织物，构造 continent n.大陆task n.任务 demand v.需要strategic adj.战略的 choice n.选择50）deal v.交易，解决 challenge n.挑战scale n.规模，刻度 exaggeration n.夸张united adj.联合的，团结的 divided adj.分裂的2004年61）Greek n.希腊人 assume v.假设structure n.结构 language n.语言some pron.一些，某个 connection n.联系process n.过程 thought n.想法，思维root n.根 Europe n.欧洲realize v.意识到，实现 diverse adj.多样的62）obliged adj.感激的 since adv.从此以后vanish v.消失 as conj.因为assimilate v.使.同化 lose v.失去native adj.本族的，土著的63）describe v.描写 strikingly adv.显著different adj.不同的 study v.研究Southeast Asia 东南亚 scholar n.学者accuse v.指责 fabricate v.编造data n.资料，数据64）interested adj.有兴趣的 relationship n.关系develop v.发展，形成 determin v.决定habitual adj.习惯的 society n.社会65）sort n.种类 linguistic adj.语言的determinism n.决定论 strong adj.强壮的，强有力的form n.形式，方式 state v.表明imprison v.囚禁 mind n.思维grammatical adj.语法的 pattern n.类型produce v.创造，产生 far-reaching adj.深远的consequence n.结果，影响 culture n.文化2003年61）furthermore adv.此外，进一步说 human n.人类ability n.能力 modify v.修改，改变environment n.环境 live v.生存，居住thus adv.因此 subject v.使.遭受，使.服从other pron.其他的 life n.生命，生活form n.方式，形式 own adj.自己的peculiar adj.特别的 idea n.观点，想法fancy n.喜好，想象62）social adj.社会 science n.科学branch n.分支 intellectual adj.知识的enquiry n.询问，研究 seek v.寻求study v.研究 endeavor n.努力，行为same adj.相同的 reasoned adj.理性的orderly adj.有序的 systematic adj.系统的dispassioned adj.冷静的，客观的 manner n.方式natural adj.自然的 scientist n.科学家phenomenon n.现象63）emphasis n.强调 data n.数据，资料gather v.搜集 first-hand adv.一手combine v.结合 cross-cultural adj.跨文化的perspective adj.观点，视角 analysis n.分析culture n.文化 past adj.过去的present adj.现在的 unique adj.独特的distinctly adv.显著 important adj.重要的64）define v.定义 complex adj.复杂的whole n.整体 include v.包括belief n.信念 art n.艺术moral n.道德 law n.法律custom n.习俗 capability n.能力habit n.习惯 acquire v.获得member n.成员65）anthropological adj.人类学的 concept n.概念set n.集合 mathematics n.数学abstract adj.抽象的 possible adj.可能的immense adj.大量的 concrete adj.具体的research n.研究 understanding n.理解2002年61）difficulty n.困难 almost adv.几乎behavioral adj.行为的science n.科学continue v.持续 trace v.追溯state n.状态 mind n.想法，精神feeling n.感情，感觉 trait n.特征character n.性格human n.人类nature n.本性62）slow v.缓慢的 change v.改变partly adv.部分 explanatory adj.解释的item n.条款，事物 seem v.看起来directly adv.直接 observe v.观察find v.发现63）role n.作用 selection n.选择evolution n.进化 formulate v.阐述，解释environment n.环境 shape v.塑造，形成maintain v.维持 individual n.个人begin v.开始 recognize v.认识study v.研究64）possession n.拥有物 autonomous adj.自主的traditional adj.传统的 theory n.理论的essential adj.实质的，必要的 practice n.实践hold v.持有，保持responsible adj.负责的conduct n.行为 credit n.信任，赞誉achievement n.成就65）until pron.直到 issue n.问题resolve v.解决 technology n.技术，方法continue v.持续 reject v.拒绝，排斥possibly adj.可能的 way n.方式solve v.解决2001年71)television n.电视chat n.谈话，聊天show n.节目，表演host v.主持robot n.机器人pollution n.污染monitor n.监控器disable v.使.残疾，使.不能offend v.冒犯72)children n.儿童，孩子doll n.玩具娃娃equip v.装备 personality n.个性chip n.芯片computer n.电脑in-built adj.内置的 regard v.看做workmate n.工作伙伴，同事 tool n.工具relaxation n.放松smell-television n.气味电视digital adj.数字的 age n.时代arrive v.到来73）piece v.拼凑 researcher n.研究人员unique adj.独特的 millennium n.一千年technology n.技术 calendar n.日历latest adj.最晚的 date n.日期expect v.期待 key adj.主要的，关键的breakthrough n.突破 discovery n.发现74)start n.开始 man-machine n.人机integration n.综合，一体化 beginning n.开始long adj.漫长的 process n.过程ultimately adv.最终 lead v.导致fully adv.完全 electronic adj.电子century n.世纪75)appliance n.家用电器 smart adj.聪明，智能化control v.控制 operate v.操作breakout n.爆发 psychological adj.心里的disorder n.紊乱 kitchen n.厨房rage n.狂躁，愤怒2000年71)modern adj.现代的 condition n.条件require v.需要 varying n.不同的measure n.措施 centralized adj.中央的control n.控制 hence adv.因此specialized adj.专门的 scientist n.科学家economist n.经济学家 operational adj.运行的research n.研究 expert n.专家72)furthermore adv.此外,进一步说 obvious adj.明显的，显而易见的strength n.力气，实力country n.国家economy n.经济 directly adv.直接bind v.绑 efficiency n.效率agriculture n.农业 industry n.工业rest v.依靠 effort n.努力technologist n.技术人员73)remarkable adj.显著的 development n.发展mass-communications n.大众通信 every-where adv.各地feel n.感受 expose v.暴露custom n.习俗 idea n.观念while conj.然而 government n.征服introduce v.引进 further adj.进一步innovation n.创新 above adv.上面74)industrialized adj.工业化的 country n.国家Europe n.欧洲 far-reaching adj.深远的change n.改变，变革 patterns n.形态follow v.跟随 spread v.传播whereas conj.然而 nowadays adv.如今developing adj.发展中 nation n.国家undergo v.经受 process n.过程decade n.十年75)additional adj.额外的 stress n.压力occur v.发生，产生 population n.人口explosion n.爆炸，膨胀 arise v.引起，出现mass adj.大量的 migration n.移民movement n.运动 relatively adv.相对modern adj.现代的 means n.方式transport n.交通1999年71) while conj.虽然definition n.定义 history n.历史 historian n.历史学家 modern adj.现代的 practice n.当代 closely adv.接近 conform v.符合 attempt n.尝试 recreate v.再创造，再现 explain v.解释 significant adj.重要的 event n.事件 past adj.过去的72) interest n.兴趣 historical adj.历史的 method n.方法 arise v.产生，出现 through prep.通过 external adj.外部的 challenge n.挑战，质疑 validity n.有效性 intellectual adj.知识 discipline n.学科 internal adj.内部的 quarrel n.争论，争吵73) during prep.在.期间 transfer n./v.转移 traditional adj.传统的 augment n./v.增加 additional adj.额外的 methodology n.方法论 design v.设计 interpret v.解释 form n.形式 evidence n.证据 study n.研究74) agreement n.共识 whether conj.是否 refer v.指 concept n.概念 peculiar adj.特有的 research n.研究 technique n.技术，方法 appropriate adj.适当的 various adj.各种各样的 branch n.分支 inquiry n.探索，研究75) apply v.应用 equally adv.同样 view v.看待 criticism n.批评 source n.资源 social adj.社会 science n.科学 equate v.等同 activity n.活动，行为 specific adj.具体的考研语法一、句子分类句子分类的标准有两种：按目的和按结构。按照目的分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。在这里我们主要看按结构分类的情况。按结构分为：简单句、并列句、复合句。（一）简单句1、定义：具有一套主谓结构的句子。主谓结构为表意的最基本单位,即主干。2010 翻译 46Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control them.2、形式：5种1）主+谓：My feet hurt.（Forrest Gump）2）主+谓+宾：The camera loves me.（Monsters Inc.)3）主+谓+间宾+直宾：I want to tell you that I love you.（Forrest Gump）4）主+谓+宾+宾补：At KFC,we do chicken right.(KFC)5）主+系+表：Tomorrow is another day.(Gone with the Wind)句子变复杂的手段：名词：加定语和同位语动词：加状语定语特征：一个单词修饰名词放名词前，短语和句子修饰名词放在名词后同位语：放在名词后，解释名词的名词或名词短语（二）并列句1、定义：由并列连词连接的若干简单句2、并列连词：and、but、or、both and、either/wether or、not but、not only but also3、省略：当并列连词前后连接的句子中有相同成分，会在其后把相同成分省略。省略后的并列成分，功能、词性及形式相同例1、1996 翻译 73This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.例2、1999 翻译 75It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources, and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.例3、2002 翻译 65Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（三）复合句1、定义：由从属连词连接的若干简单句2、从句分类：名词性、形容词性、副词性3、句序：陈述二、从句（一）名词性从句1、分类：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句2、连词：1）that：引导陈述句，本身没有意思 2）whether、if：引导一般疑问句，意为“是否” 3）疑问词：引导特殊疑问句3、主语从句：用一句话充当主语例1、2006 阅读 P3That the seas are being over-fished has been known for years.例2、2005 阅读 P1However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.例3、1999 阅读 P5What this amounts to, of course, is that the scientist has become the victim of his own writings.当主语过长时，会把其放在后面，然后放个it在原来主语的位置作形式主语例1、1993 翻译 74And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.例2、2009 翻译 46It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience; but this effect is not a part of its original motive.例3、2000 翻译 72Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a countrys economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.例4、Pride and PrejudiceIt is a truth universally acknowledged that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.例5、2001 阅读 P5When I decided to quit my full time employment it never occurred to me that I might become a part of a new international trend.4、宾语从句：vt和prep后例1、2005 阅读 P2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didnt know for sure?例2、1997 阅读 P4“The test of any democratic society,” he wrote in a Wall Street Journal column, “lies not in how well it can control expression but in whether it gives freedom of thought and expression the widest possible latitude, however disputable or irritating the results may sometimes be. We wont retreat in the face of any threats.”it形式宾语例、1993 翻译 73You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction and deduction that by the help of these operations, they, in a sort of sense, manage to extract from nature certain natural laws, and that out of these, by some special skill of their own, they build up their theories.5、表语从句：系动词后例1、1997 阅读 P2A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous, and helpful most Americans were to them.例2、2010 翻译 48Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physical weak, or that they prey only on “worthless species”.6、同位语从句：名词后的that从句例1、2005 阅读 P3A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unco