Unit1 重点短语、句子和语法.docx

1. something to drink 一些吃的 2. What about some milk? 来些牛奶怎么样？ Can I have some more food?我可以再来些食物吗？3. two more books = another two books 更多两本书 数字+ more = another +数字4. Theres nothing else in the fridge. 冰箱里没别的什么。 (形容词修饰不定代词置其后)5. Maybe we can share it. = We may share it. 也许我们能分享它。( maybe 副词，置于句首；may 情态动词，置于句中，后接动词原形)6. be honest 是诚实的 an honest boy dishonest adj. 不诚实的7. keep a secret / keep secrets 保守秘密Thank you for keeping the secret for me.感谢你为我保守秘密。They kept their secret to themselves.他们之间保守了秘密。8. make me happy 使我快乐 make sb. + adj. make your friend special 使你的朋友特别9. share my joy 分享我的快乐 = share my happiness share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物10. have problems遇到困难 solve problems解决问题have problems with sth. / have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到困难11. believe what he says = believe his words 相信他所说的12. write to sb.写信给某人 hear from sb.收到某人来信clean and tidy 干净整洁musical adj. 有音乐天赋的= be good at music13. tell you about my best friend 告诉你关于我最好的朋友 tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事14. She is as slim as I (am). 她和我一样苗条。15. one of my best friends 我最好的朋友之一 one of +最高级+名词复数16. be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨 be kind to people 对人们友善be willing to share things with her friends 乐意与她的朋友分享东西 be willing to do sth.be ready to help people any time 乐意随时帮助人 be ready to do sth.17. help me with my homework 在作业方面帮助我 help sb. do sth. / help sb. to do sth. 帮某人做某事18. give a seat to someone in need 给需要的人让座19. help people in need 帮助需要帮助的人 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。20. She wants to travel around the world when she grows up. 当她长大后，她想环游世界。21. We may not get to see each other often.我们也许没时间经常见面。 get to do sth. 有机会做某事I got to know her ten years ago. 我十年前认识了她。22. a wonderful friend named/ called Max 一个叫做Max的好朋友23. have poor eyesight 视力不好24. because of working on the computer too much 由于用电脑过度= because of too much computer work because + 句子 because of (doing) sth.We didnt go there because of the bad weather. = We didnt go there because the weather was bad.25.wear small, round glasses 戴小圆眼镜 wear 戴着 wear a tie 系领带 wear 系着wear a smile on ones face 面带微笑 wear面带26. make him look smart 使他看上去聪明 make me laugh 使我开怀大笑make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事27.have a good sense of humour = be very humourous有幽默感 humour n . humourous adj.28. never feel bored or unhappy 从不感到无聊或不高兴tell funny jokes 讲滑稽的笑话 tell a story 讲故事 tell a lie 说谎话29. walk past the desk = pass the desk 从桌旁走过knock our books off the desks 把我们的书从桌上撞下 knock sth. off someplace 把某物从某地撞下 knock over sth. 撞翻某物30. think of 想起 think over 仔细考虑31. read an advertisement 读一则广告 straight, shoulder-length hair齐肩的长发a true friend 一个忠实的朋友 say bad words about sb. 说某人坏话 never say a bad word about anyone 从不说任何人坏话32. vote for sb. 投票支持某人33. a square face 一张方脸 square adj. 方的34. height n. 高度 weight n. 重量 length n. 长度the same height as = as tall / high asthe same weight as = as heavy asthe same length as = as long asWhats the height of? = How tall / high is?Whats the weight of? = How heavy is?Whats the length of? = How long is?35. outdoor activities 户外活动36. I dont think swimming is as interesting as hiking. 我认为游泳不如远足有趣。I dont think any of these outdoor activities are dangerous if we are careful.我认为如果我们小心，这些户外运动中任何一种都不危险。37.Its great to sing for people. 为人们歌唱太棒了。38. listen to peoples problems 聆听人们的问题39. help people solve problems 帮人们解决问题 solve = work out 解决make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友try/do ones best to do sth.尽某人最大努力做某事be a social worker 当一名社会工作者tell you about my future plans 告诉你关于我将来的计划 in the future 在将来40. I agree with you. 我赞成你。 agree with sb. 同意某人（观点、意见等）agree to do sth. 同意做某事41. He is friendly.(提问) Whats he like?42. a reader of your magazine 一名你们杂志的读者I have some problems with my new school. 我在新学校遇到些困难。43.move to Beijing 搬到北京know the new school very well 对新学校很了解 knowvery well 对很了解44. feel nervous 感到紧张 feel uncomfortable 感到不舒服 feel shy 感到害羞45. sit alone in the playground 独自坐在操场上miss my old classmates very much很想念老同学I dont know what to do. 我不知道该做什么。46. I hope you can give me some advice. 我希望你能给我一些建议。 a piece of advice47. She is both my best friend and my neighbour. 他既是我最好的朋友也是我的邻居。 bothand48. She lives next door. 她住在隔壁。 (提问) Where does she live?49 bright, smiling eyes 明亮的、带笑的眼睛 She always wears a smile on her face. wear a smile on ones face面带微笑(动词短语) The teacher came in with a smile on her face. with a smile on ones face面带微笑(介词短语)50. healthier than watching TV比看电视健康51. What about playing football? 踢球怎么样？52. Thats what we think too. 那也是我们所想的。53. answer questions correctly 正确回答问题英语语法-比较级和最高级的用法在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词: 在形容词或副词前加more (如 more natural , more clearly )或加后缀 er ( newer ,sooner )。英语句子中，将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中，像“A比B更”的表达方式称为比较级；而“A最”的表达方式则称为最高级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级或最高级的形态。一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则1一般单双音节词，比较级在后面加-er，最高级在后面加-est；（1）单音节词如：smallsmallersmallest shortshortershortest talltallertallest greatgreatergreatest（2）双音节词如：clevercleverercleverest narrownarrowernarrowest2以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加-st；如：largelargerlargest nicenicernicest ableablerablest3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：bigbiggerbiggest hothotterhottest fatfatterfattest4以“辅音字母y”结尾的双音节词， 把y改为i，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：easyeasiereasiest heavyheavierheaviest busybusierbusiest happyhappierhappiest5其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most；如：beautifulmore beautifulmost beautiful differentmore differentmost different easilymore easilymost easily注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。 例句： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.（2） 形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示非常。 It is a most important problem. = It is a very important problem.6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记。如： goodbetterbest wellbetterbest badworseworst illworseworst oldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更”。如：This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。注意： 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple. very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越”如：It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。It is getting cooler and cooler.天气越来越凉爽。The wind became more and more heavily.风变得越来越大。Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。3在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。如：Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom?4. “the +比较级, the+比较级”，表示“越越”。The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。The sooner，the better.越快越好。5. 表示倍数的比较级用法：. A is times the size /height/length/width of B.如：The new building is three times the height of the old one. 这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高). A is times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如：Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍). A is times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如：Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three, in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class. 他在我们班里是最高的。7.否定词语+比较级，否定词语+ so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this. =Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8. 比较级与最高级的转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class7.修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。. 以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级：by far, far, much, mostly, almost。This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意：a. very可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。 This is the very best. This is much the best.b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.8.要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is more clever than his brother.(对) He is cleverer than his brother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger that any country in Asia.(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.三.典型例题1） - Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite goodD. quite better答案：B. any 可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为better.2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此B，C都说得通，但easier本身已是比较级，不需more，因此C为正确答案。比较级和最高级的用法1.两者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”表示Tom is as tall as Mike.2.两者相比（甲 乙），用“not as(so) +原级+as”或“less than”表示I didnt do my homework so(as) carefully as you.The picture is less attractive than that one.3.两者相比（甲乙），用“比较级+than”表示Our city is more beautiful than any other city in our country.注意：1) 为了避免重复，在从句中常用one, that, those等词来代替前面提过的名词。The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.The radios made in our factory are better than those in your factory.any of the other + 复数名词2）如果形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，一般将不定冠词a/an放在形容词之后。Our neighbour has _ ours.A. as a big house as B. as big a house asC. the same big house asD. house the same big as3）比较级前一般不用冠词，但若表示“两者中较时”。比较级前要加定冠词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。E.g. 他是两者中较高的一个 He is the taller of the two.她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a better voice.4. 三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the +最高级”的结构表示，这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works (t