Unit Review and Group Poster Assignment 加拿大历史复习.docx

SS 10 Sea to Sea UnitLessons 6-8: Review and Unit AssignmentPurpose: to review the key terms of Chapter 5 and to prepare an informative poster about one of the topics of studySteps1. Your teacher will tell you who will be the members of your group.2. Your group will work together to answer the questions for your topic (there are 5 sets of questions, but only answer your questions) Rubric1234Too much wasted class timeClass time used somewhat effectivelyClass time used effectivelyGroup was always on task and no time was wastedToo much individual work and not enough team workA low degree of team work was displayedTeam worked together effectivelyA high degree of team work with all aspects completed as a teamMore than 3 aspects are missing, information is incomplete, few details are given, too much copying and not enough paraphrasing (X3)Some aspects are missing, information is mostly complete, some details are given, some paraphrasing is evident (X3)All information is present and complete, details are given, paraphrasing is evident (X3)All information is present and complete, in depth details are provided and a high degree of paraphrasing is evident (X3)Total / 12Topic: Lead up to the Northwest RebellionThe Metis moved west shortly after the Manitoba Act was signed. Why did they do this?The Metis were concerned about the result of the Laws of St. Laurent affair. Describe the laws.What was the reaction of Lawrence Clarke?What was the end result?The Metis were concerned about a number of other things as well. Review Lesson 3 “The buildup of tension” and write notes below.Louis Riel returned. Explain this process.The Bill of Rights was written. What did the Metis Want?John A. Macdonald was not interested in negotiating. Explain his reaction to the Bill of Rights. Topic: The Events of the Northwest RebellionThe first shots were fired at Duck Lake on March 26th, 1885. Describe what happened.A meeting between Metis and the NWMP turned violent, and 12 NWMP officers were killed. It was the first event in the rebellion.Battleford was raided on March 30th. Describe what happened.Poundmaker led men to Battleford to negotiate with the Indian agent. Everyone ran and hid because they were afraid after hearing about Duck Lake. Frustrated, Poundmaker vandalized the town and stole supplies.On March 30th Chief Crowfoot, leader of the Blackfoot, signed an oath of loyalty to the Canadian government. Why did he do this?He was a pragmatist who knew that negotiating would get his people the best deal. He knew he could not stop western settlement, so he took what he could get. The Frog Lake Massacre occurred on April 2nd. Describe what happened.Big Bear and Wandering Spirit went to meet with Thomas Quinn, the Indian agent. WS was angered and decided to kill Quinn and 7 other Caucasians including a Catholic priest. The Battle of Fish Creek occurred on April 24th. Describe its significance.Fish Creek featured a smaller group of Metis holding off a larger group of militia thereby delaying their arrival in Batoche. The Battle of Batoche occurred on May 9th. Describe what happened.The largest battle; the Metis were defeated and Louis Riel was captured. Gabriel Dumont managed to escape to the USA.The Canadian Pacific Railway was very important in this event. Explain.The railway transported soldiers west quickly and allowed the govt to put down the rebellion. This made Canadians support the idea of spending more to finish the CPR.Describe what happened to Louis Riel, Gabriel Dumont, Big Bear, Pound Maker and Wandering Spirit, and why they were punished the way they were.Riel: death by hanging for treasonDumont: not punished (ran away to the USA)Big Bear: 3 years in prison (did not kill, blamed Riel)Poundmaker: 3 years in jail (did not kill, blamed Riel)Wandering Spirit: death by hanging (murder)Topic: The Indian Act and Native RelationsThe Canadian government wanted to settle the west with Caucasians. Explain why.It wanted Caucasians to live there so development could take place (wheat industry), to protect it from the USA, and to create a true “sea to sea” nation of white Canadians (racism). The Government made its policies clear with the signing of the Indian Act in 1876. This gave the federal government control over FN affairs. What is a reserve?Land set aside for FN. All FN were forced to live on govt reserves after 1876. Many had already started moving there with the signing of the Seven Treaties.Describe the way of life of FN on reserves.Promise: FN would be given tools and lessons on how to farm and become sedentary farmers. Reality: the reserves were miserable and filled with starving FN who were incapable of taking care of themselves. FN children were expected to go to residential schools. Describe them and their effect on FN culture.Children were forced to go and separated from their families (no more oral History, no more language), forced to speak English or French (no more language), and terribly abused by the priests and nuns. It led to the destruction of the FN cultures and a lost generation of parenting skills.First Nations Peoples in the NW Territory were suffering in the 1870s. Give details for each of the following:AlcoholismHeavily addicted to firewater could not hunt or get food in other ways.StarvationNo bison, no food, alcoholism = malnourishment and later starvation.Loss of bisonThe bison were overhunted and thus the nomadic culture of the Plains was no longer possible. Forced FN to go to reserves. The Canadian governments solution was to sign treaties with the First Nations. What is a treaty?An agreement between two groups. The FN agreed to give up title to their land and move onto reserves; the govt promised to feed them and teach them how to farm.What is aboriginal title?The idea that FN own their land and must be compensated for it. Who negotiated the treaties?W. Simpson was the lead govt. negotiator as the leader of the Ministry of Indian Affairs (cabinet position).How many were signed? Which province did not have any treaty negotiations?7 covering western Ontario through to Alberta. No treaties were signed in mainland BC, though some were signed on Vancouver Island (James Douglas).What were FN promised?Guaranteed land, tools, food and farming lessons.Were the promises kept? Explain. No no tools or equipment were given, and the budget was slashed when the govt was building the railway. FN were never taught how to farm. Topic: The Northwest Mounted Police and The Northwest Territories ActTerritories were different than provinces in terms of how much power they had. Explain.Provinces had locally elected responsible govts that had control over education (culture), language, and other areas. Territories were controlled directly from Ottawa and did not have responsible government.The Canadian government kept control of the Territory by appointing governors and magistrates. Give examples.William McDougall was appointed as the first governor of NWT. Lawrence Clarke was the magistrate near St. Laurent, while John Mcloughin was chief factor and magistrate in the Oregon Territory. While land owners in the NW Territories could vote in federal elections, they did not have local representatives. This changed with the signing of the Northwest Territories Act in 1875. Explain.In 1875, NWT was given an LA with elected representatives. Its decisions could be vetoed by Ottawa, though, so it was not responsible.Some problems in the 1870s showed that the government needed to do more.Who were the whisky traders?Americans who took advantage of the HBC sobriety policy (no alcohol) and came north to sell alcohol to FN.Where did they trade?Fort Whoop Up (southwestern Alberta in the foothills of the Rockies)Describe fire water.A dangerously pure form of home made alcohol. How did fire water affect FN Peoples?It affected them greatly led to alcoholism, malnutrition, not being able to work, starvationDescribe the Cypress Hills Massacre.American wolf hunters killed a group of FN whom they suspected of stealing their horses. After the Cypress Hills Massacre John A. Macdonald created the North West Mounted Police in 1873. What does paramilitary mean?An unofficial army having the capacity to go to war.Describe the uniforms of the NWMP.Red jackets, large hats, striped pants.What does mounted mean?On horse back.How many were sent?300 were sent to Fort Whoop UpWhat effect did they have on Western Canada?They brought law and order to the west and kept the USA traders out. Their efforts made it easier to settle the west. Topic: The Canadian Pacific RailwayThe railway was an important part of Canadas western development.Why did John A. Macdonald want to build it?Protect the West from the USA, Sea to Sea dream, promise to BCSir Hugh Allan created the Canadian Pacific Railway Company. What was his plan?Use American investors and connect the Canadian railway to the pre-existing American railway.The Pacific Scandal set back the railway building process.What did John A. Macdonald get in return for giving the railway contract to Allans CPR?$300 000 for his election campaign.Who became Canadas new PM? How did this affect railway building in Canada?Mackenzie. He was opposed to the railway and did not build it during his 5 years in office.Macdonald was once again elected in 1878 and set out to build the railway again using Canadian investors.Who were the members of the CPR Syndicate?Stephen (Banker), Smith (Merchant), Hill (Railway Man)What did they get in return for promising to build the railway within 10 years?$25 000 000, 25 million acres of land, tax breaks, monopoly powerThey CPR Syndicate changed the route of the railway.Describe the change. Why was it made?The new route was moved farther south through Regina and Calgary. The change was