福建省厦门市集美区灌口中学高三英语 情态动词和虚拟语气复习.doc

课 题福建省厦门市集美区灌口中学2015届高三英语 情态动词和虚拟语气复习备课日期 年 月 日课 型语法复习课教学目标知识与技能the students will be able to distinguish the different usages of the modal verbs and choose the correct form of subjunctive mood according to various contexts.过程与方法the students are required to examine some sentences using the modal verbs and subjunctive mood, and then try to find out the differences by themselves and later learn to make a conclusion.the students will begin to consolidate what they have found through various exercises.the students are required to reflect what they have learnt in heart after class and then re-think the exercises.情感态度与价值观the students will be more active in the process of learning english and more confident of their learning ability through inductive teaching methods.教学重点the different usages of the modal verbs; modal verbs + have done; the structures of the subjunctive mood教学难点how to guide them to find the differences and some similarities between them.教学方法self-study method, inductive method, practicing method, etc.教学用具the multi-media, blackboard, worksheet课时安排2 periods教 学 内 容设计与反思板书设计: 教 学 内 容设计与反思step 1 情态动词考题印证1(2010北京高考)good morning. ive got an appointment with miss smith in the personnel department.ah，good morning. you _ be mrs. peters.amightbmust cwould dcan2(2010江苏高考)i havent got the reference book yet，but ill have a test on the subject next month.dont worry. you _ have it by friday.acould bshall cmust dmay3(2010陕西高考)may i take this book out of the reading room?no，you _. you read it in here.amightnt bwont cneednt dmustnt4(2010安徽高考)jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man.awould be bwould have beencmust be dmust have been情态动词的基本用法1can 和could的用法(1)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。how could you do such a silly thing?你怎么能做那样的蠢事呢？(2)can not.too/enough表示“无论也不过分”；“越越好”。you cant be too careful while driving.2may和might的用法(1)may和might表示“许可”，“可能性”，“祝愿”等意义。(2)may作“可以”讲时，其否定式常用“mustnt”表示“禁止”；must作“必须”讲时，其否定式是“neednt”，表示“不必”。may i use your car? no，you mustnt.(委婉的拒绝可用：sorry，but i am using it now.或youd better not.等)must i work out the problem tonight? no，you neednt.3must(1)表示禁止(用于否定句)you must not speak ill of others.(2)表示“偏执”，“固执”must you make so much noise?4shall的用法(1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。shall we begin our class？(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。i promised he shall get a present for his birthday.5will和would的用法作情态动词的will，would与作助动词的will，would的各种形式相同。(1)表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。would用于过去的情况。(2008北京高考)john promised his doctor he would not smoke，and he has never smoked ever since.(2)will可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。every morning he will have a walk along this river.(3)would 可以表示过去的习惯性动作，比used to正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。last year our english teacher would sometimes tell us stories in english after class.情态动词表推测表示对目前或将来情况的推测往往用“情态动词动词原形”这种结构。1can用于肯定句中有时可以用来表示推测，意为“有时会”；用于疑问句中可以表示推测，意为“可能”，有时表示一种惊讶的语气；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，cant 意为“不可能”，语气很强烈。(2008福建高考)it is usually warm in my hometown in march，but it can be rather cold sometimes.the story cant be true.这个故事不可能是真的。2may用于肯定句中可以用来表示推测，意为“可能”；用于否定句中也可以表示推测，may not意为“可能不”，表示一种不太确定的语气。may在疑问句中不能表示推测。peter may come with us tonight，but he isnt sure yet.3must 表示推测时只能用于肯定句中，意为“一定，必定”，表示十分肯定的语气(在疑问句中或否定句中要用can)。he must be ill. he looks so pale.4should 用来表示推测时意为“应该”，即含有“按道理来说应当如此”的意思。there shouldnt be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.情态动词+ have done 的用法表示对过去发生的情况或存在的状态的推测常用“情态动词have过去分词”这种结构。1can/could have done表示“本来可以做，而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中cant have done多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。the accident could have been avoided.2may/might have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。might所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。此外might have done可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”。sorry，im late.i might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.3must have done表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定，想必”，语气十分肯定。he must have completed his work；otherwise，he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.4should have done表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做；shouldnt have done表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。im not feeling well in the stomach. i shouldnt have eaten so much fried chicken just now.5. neednt have done表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。catherine，i have cleaned the room for you，catherine.thanks.you neednt have done it.i could manage it myself.exercise1(2010辽宁高考)doctors say that exercise is important for health，but it _ be regular exercise.acan bwill cmust dmay2(2010湖南高考)if he _ my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.afollowed bshould follow chad followed dwould follow3(2010四川高考)_ i take the book out? im afraid not.awill bmay cmust dneedstep 2 虚拟语气考题印证1(2010天津高考)john went to the hospital alone.if he _ me about it，i would have gone with him.ashould tell btells ctold dhad told2(2010陕西高考)if we _ the other road，we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.atake bhad taken ctook dhave taken3(2010福建高考)teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.anot allow bdo not allowcmustnt allow dcouldnt allow非真实条件句的虚拟语气情况从句的动词主句的动词例句与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be 动词一律用were)would/could/should/might动词原形if i had time，i would attend your party.与过去事实相反had过去分词would/could/should/mighthave过去分词you didnt let me drive.if we had driven in turn，you wouldnt have got so tired.与将来事实相反动词的过去式；should动词原形；were to动词原形would/could/should/might动词原形if it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomorrow，we would take photos 注意1若条件句中有were，had，should，可把if省略，而把were，had，should放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。had you taken my advice，you wouldnt have failed in the examination.2有时主句和虚拟条件从句的动作发生的时间不一致，此时，主句和从句的谓语动词要根据各自所指的不同时间选择适当的动词形式。 if you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.3有时虚拟条件并不通过条件从句表达出来，而是通过词、短语或上下文暗示，此时句子的时态要依具体情况而定。without electricity(if there were no electricity)，life would be quite different today.名词性从句中的虚拟语气1在名词性从句中，常用来表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等的词后宾语从句和同位语从句中用虚拟语气，形式为：(should)动词原形。常这样用的动词有：advise劝告，demand要求，desire渴望，command命令，insist坚决要求，prefer宁愿，urge主张，order命令，recommend 劝告，建议，request要求，require要求，suggest建议，以及这些词的名词形式。janes pale face suggested that she was ill，and her parents suggested that she (should) have a medical examination.2wish后面所跟宾语从句中的虚拟语气。表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish主语动词过去式或were表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish主语had过去分词表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish主语would动词原形i wish she were here.i wish you would go with us tomorrow.i wish she had taken my advice.其他句型中的虚拟语气1would rather句型中的虚拟语气表示愿望，意为“宁愿，但愿”。id rather we didnt go to see a film this evening.2it is (high/about) time (that).句型中的虚拟语气在句型“it is (high/about) time.”后面也可跟虚拟语气，从句中常用过去式。有时也用“should动词原形”，意为“该是的时候了”。it is time (that) we went home.3if only引导的感叹句中的虚拟语气在“if only”引导的感叹句中，要