辽宁省沈阳市高考英语阅读理解一轮训练（4）(1).doc

辽宁省沈阳市2015阅读理解一轮训练（4）及答案阅读理解-awalk through the amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy, warm, damp and thick. but if you had been around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age, would it have been the same? for more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the amazon might have reacted（反应）to the cold, dry climates of the ice ages, but until now, no one has reached a satisfying answer. rainforests like the amazon are important for mopping up co2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming. currently the trees in the amazon take in around 500 million tones of co2 each year; equal to the total amount of co2 giving off in the uk each year. but how will the amazon react to future climate change? if it gets drier ,will it still survive and continue to draw down co2 ? scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past. unfortunately, getting into the amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult. to study past climate, scientists need to look at fossilized pollen, kept in lake muds. going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments （沉淀物）, which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery . there are very few roads and paths, or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes. rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest ,but this still leaves vast areas between the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）. so far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the amazon rainforest reacts to climate change. 1. the underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means _.a. cleaning up b. taking in c. wiping out d. giving out 答案解析：答案为b。本题为词义推断题。结合上下文，与mopping up并列的是 “helping to slow global warming”，由此可以推断，mop up 就是去除co2；并且后面的 “currently the trees in the amazon take in around 500 million tones of co2 each year”中的 “take in” 也对此进行了呼应，故答案为b。“clean up”意为 “清洁”； “wipe out” 意为 “消灭，彻底摧毁”； “give out”意为“分发，散发”。2. how will the amazon rainforest react to future climate change?a. itll get drier and continue to remove c o 2.b. itll remain steamy, warm, damp and thickc. itll get warmer and then colder and drier.d. there is no exact answer up to present.答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节题。第二段提出问题，第三段进行探索问题。结合第三段首句 “unfortunately, getting into the amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult.” 和最后一句 “so far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.” 可知，收集信息非常困难，即使目前收集到的一点信息也没有哪一点可以作出证明。故答案为d。3. whats the main idea of the last paragraph?a. its important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.b. its impossible to prove how climate changes in the amazon rainforest.c. its hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the amazon rainforest.d. its necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate. 答案解析：答案为c。从第三段的最后一句话 “so far, only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.” 可知，答案为c。b选项显得绝对。4. the best title for this passage may probably be_.a. studies of the amazon b. climates of the amazonc. secrets of the rainforests d. changes of the rainforests答案解析：答案为c。 本文第一段前两句提出问题，第三句话引入文本的讨论点：热带雨林的变化。下文以亚马逊热带雨林为例进行研究，最终发现很难收集资料去证明热带雨林的变化，热带雨林的秘密有待人们去探索。故答案为c。本文的重心是在讨论如何收集到足够的证据来证明热带雨林的变化，而不是揭示热带雨林有何变化。故排除干扰性最强的d选项。【深圳市2014高考英语综合能力测试题（2）】bshould you be friends with your employees? im the type of person who likes to be friends with everyone. as i developed my company, i got to a point where i realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life. here are the issues:youll naturally become closer friends with some people, but others will think you play favorites. when you promote people who are your friends, how will the rest of the company view that promotion and how will that influence your teams culture and the people who are promoted? even if the promotion is well deserved, other employees are unlikely to view it that way. youll be considered as a manager who plays favorites. and, realistically, its probably hard not to at least subconsciously (潜意识地) favor your friends.your friends treat you differently compared to your employees. you dont want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.your employees might find it easier not to be friends with you. lets say you have an employee who works hard and doesnt have enough time for his or her family and friends. do they want you as a friend? probably not. it was easy for me to be friends with everyone when we had 25 employees. but it is much more difficult when we had over 150 employees.friends are equals. youll make decisions that determine who gets specific tasks, compensation and other things8that are very important to your employees future. that doesnt make you equals, and it creates a lot of problems for your friendship.friends talk about work with each other. the last thing you want to do is to be involved in office gossip. if youre friends with an employee and that employee complains about work, what do you do with that information? if you do nothing, youre basically agreeing with what he or she says. however, they probably dont want someone who will force them to deal with the problem. 31. what is this passage mainly about? a. how to make friends with employees. b. advantages of being friends with employees. c. friendship between employers and employees. d. disadvantages of being friends with employees. 32. what can we learn from this passage? a. employees are ready to be friends with employers. b. it is necessary for employers to be friends with employees. c. the promotions of employers friends are always not acceptable. d. employers friends are always more difficult to get promotions.33. if an employee is one of your friends, he or she will treat you or your company rules _. a. casually b. seriously c. differently d. the same as other employees do34. employers cannot be equals with employees because_. a. only friends are equals b. friendship is very complicated c. their decisions may determine their employees future d. the employees arent the types of people they like35. whats the authors attitude to being friends with employees? a. agree. b. disagree. c. neutral. d. indifferent.【参考答案】31-35 dcacb老板是老板，员工是员工，别以为老板跟员工交朋友是什么好事，那会存在许多弊端。31. d。主旨大意题。由第一段中as i developed my company, i got to a point where i realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.和下文的举例可知文章主要讲关于老板和员工做朋友的弊端。32. c。细节理解题。由第二段中 when you promote people who are your friends, how will the rest of the company .youll be considered as a manager who plays favorites.可知答案。33. a。细节理解题。由第三段中you dont want your employees to necessarily treat you or company rules as casually as your friends would.可知答案。34. c。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，老板和员工不可能身份平等，因为老板的决定对员工的前途有很大的影响。35. b。观点态度题。根据第一段.i realized being friends with employees was hurting our business and our life.可知答案。社会生活类the internet will open up new vistas (前景),create the global villageyou can make new friends all around the world. that,at least,is what it promised us. the difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into account. the reality is that we cannot keep relationships with more than a limited number of people. no matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication,its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.the problem is twofold (双重的). first,there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. that number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. second,the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest (投入) in them. we invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute whats left among as many others as we can. the problem is that if we invest little time in a person,our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone i once knew”.this is not,of course,to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function. of course it does. but the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world,but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.in one sense,thats a good thing. but it also has a disadvantage. if you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them,then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live. and i suspect that probably isnt the best use of your time. meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other,face to face. the internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end,but it wont stop that happening eventually.1. what is stressed in the first paragraph?a. the present situation of the internet.b. the difficulty in communication on the internet.c. the socially valuable function of the internet.d. the role of the human mind in the internet communication.2. the underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means“”.a. appointmentb. connectionc. interviewd. agreement3. according to the passage,the author holds the view that.a. the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promisedb. the internet determines the quality of social relationshipsc. the internet greatly increases the size of social circlesd. the internet communication is no less effective than the face-to-face talk4. what is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?a. he is uncertain about it. b. he is hopeful of it.c. he approves of it. d. he doubts it.【参考答案】76.1-4 dbad 社会生活类the world economy has run into a brick wall. despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. the result is a global food crisis. wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years. and oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2004. these food-price increases, combined with increasing energy costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even affect political stability. practical solutions to these problems do exist, but well have to start thinking ahead and acting globally. here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. the first is to promote the dramatic success of malawi, a country in southern africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity. malawis harvest doubled after just one year. an international fund based on the malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion altogether. second, the u. s. and europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels. the u. s. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol(乙醇) changed from corn. there may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foodstree crops, grasses and wood productsbut theres no case for the government to pay to put the worlds dinner into the gas tank. third, we urgently need to weather-proof the worlds crops as soon and as effectively as possible. for a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pondwhich collects rainwater to be used in dry weathercan make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. the world has already committed to establishing