陕西省西安市高考英语阅读理解训练（18）.doc

西安市2014高考英语阅读理解训练（18）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【黑龙江省哈三中2014高考英语试题】a“cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. gifts are easy theyre given after all. choices can be hard.” jeff bezosi got the idea to start amazon 16 years ago. i came across the fact that the internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. id never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. i had just turned 30 years old, and id been married for a year. i told my wife mackenzie that i wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldnt work since most start-ups dont, and i wasnt sure what to expect. mackenzie told me i should go for it. as a young boy, id been a garage inventor. id always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.i was working at a financial firm in new york city with a bunch of very smart people, and i had a brilliant boss that i much admired. i went to my boss and told him i wanted to start a company selling books on the internet. he took me on a long walk in central park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “that sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even better idea for someone who didnt already have a good job.” that logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately (最后), i decided i had to give it a shot. i didnt think id regret trying and failing. and i suspected i would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.after much consideration, i took the less safe path to follow my passion, and im proud of that choice. for all of us, in the end, we are our choices.21. what inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore? a. his dream of being an inventor.b. the support of his wife. c. the greatly increasing usage of the internet.d. millions of exciting titles.22. which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?. a. the idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.b. he would be very excited if he tried it out.c. he would be always having a doubt if he didnt try.d. the decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him.23. we can know from the passage that _. a. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the authorb. the author wanted someone else to try the ideac. the author might not regret if he failed the idead. the author might go back to his boss if he failed24. which of the following would be the best title for the passage? a. cleverness and kindnessb. the starting of amazonc. following my passiond. we are what we choose【参考答案】2124 cacd 较难题目特训：介绍说明类 stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some peoples immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found. the study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed social situations. those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress. “it turns out there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author george slavich, at the cousins center for psychoneuroimmunology at the university of california, los angeles, said in a ucla news release. “for example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, its threatening and sad. in this study, we sought to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”the findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. we have known for a long time that social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but its been unclear exactly how these effects occur. as we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知) pathways that might be involved in inflammatory responses to sharp social stress,” slavich said. increases in inflammatory activity are part of the immune systems natural response to potentially harmful situations, but “frequent or chronic (慢性的) activation of the system may increase the risk for a variety of illnesses,” slavich added. the study was released online aug. 2 in advance of publication in an upcoming print issue of the proceedings of the national academy of sciences.1. where do you first find the study? a. a magazine.b. a website. c. a literature.d. an advertisement. 2. judging from volunteers, might be more likely to have inflammation. a. those who were more sensitive to social rejectionb. those who were purposely put into societyc. those who gave a speech before audienced. those who suffered frequent or chronic illness3. the author quotes examples of the fourth paragraph mainly to. a. show further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connectedb. prove important differences in how people explain and respond to social situationsc. explain volunteers are sensitive to social rejection when exposed to social stressd. make clear that how stress caused by social situations breaks down immune system4. we can infer thatif there is inflammatory response in peoples immune system. a. chronic illness will be caused by the repeated stress b. doctors can identify the neurocognitive pathwaysc. people may avoid being affected by sharp social stressd. risk of getting various diseases will be reduced【参考答案】15. baba较难题目特训：介绍说明类people can write many things about this life. in this case, precious moments become the compositions of history. what about you? people should learn from each other, thus they need to read the latest news. it is really interesting to spend your spare time and start your day in the morning. how can you get the information? you will never run out of choices, since there are many different resources to read out there. you can say hello to the world by clicking the mouse on your computer and you can also read the daily newspaper in your patio (庭院). however, internet offers fast and effective solutions for the readers. reading the news on the internet is just a simple task to do. if you are a mobile person, it is impossible for you to bring the computer and mouse. so, several digital devices are accessible to meet your needs of latest information. you have ipad, smart phone and some other possible solutions. they are your best friends to gain the information about every single thing which has happened in certain part of the world. now, its time to find the most reliable source. you can easily find the amount of websites on the internet. they offer news and information about many different things, but only few of them will answer your questions. the reliable and accurate sources will let you read and think further about certain news and information. definitely, you should find the site with various popular categories of news. there should be some categories such as business, sports and technology. where should you go now? you will find the answer at news daily spot and get the complete information about other issues. for you who love to know more about celebrity and biography, feel free to read the biography (传记) of several celebrities, such as kourtney kardashian. read the news and see the face of the world today. 1. what is the main idea of the passage? a. many ways exist for us to know about the world. b. newspaper plays an important part in our daily life. c. the internet shortens the distance between people. d. the internet helps people get more information about the world. 2. you are always on business, so. a. it is convenient for you to carry a desktop computerb. youd better carry several digital devicesc. an ipad will benefit you a lotd. you only read newspapers every day3. why does the author say “its time to find the most reliable source”? a. you must find the reliable and accurate information. b. you can get all answers to any questions. c. various websites will offer the same things. d. you should use your head to think over after reading. 4. the purpose of the author is. a. to get us to know more about the usage of internetb. to advertise for news daily spotc. to draw attention to news daily spotd. to introduce more famous people5. why does the author mention kourtney kardashian? a. to stress he is the most famous in the world. b. to introduce the all-sidedness of the website. c. to give answers to the questions above. d. to show off the celebrities of the world. 【参考答案】16.dcdcb 【黑龙江省哈三中2014高考英语试题】btwo new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners. one study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. the runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). sometimes they wore running shoes. other times they ran barefoot (赤脚). researchers from the jkm technologies company in virginia, the university of virginia and the university of colorado did the study.they found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. they observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.the study appeared in the official scientific journal of the american academy of physical medicine. the other study appeared in the journal nature. it compared runners in the united states and kenya. the researchers were from harvard university in massachusetts, moi university in kenya and the university of glasgow in scotland.they divided the runners into three groups. one group had always run shoeless. another group had always run with shoes. and the third group had changed to shoeless running.runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. that puts great force on the back of the foot. but the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. that way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.harvards daniel lieberman led the study. he says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. the heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings. but the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. they say it takes some training. and there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.the study was part